Few-shot Controllable Style Transfer for Low-Resource Multilingual Settings
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Abstract (arXiv)
Style transfer is the task of rewriting a sentence into a target style while approximately preserving content. While most prior literature assumes access to a large style-labelled corpus, recent work (Riley et al. 2021) has attempted "few-shot" style transfer using only 3-10 sentences at inference for style extraction. In this work we study a relevant low-resource setting: style transfer for languages where no style-labelled corpora are available. We notice that existing few-shot methods perform this task poorly, often copying inputs verbatim. We push the state-of-the-art for few-shot style transfer with a new method modeling the stylistic difference between paraphrases. When compared to prior work, our model achieves 2-3x better performance in formality transfer and code-mixing addition across seven languages. Moreover, our method is better at controlling the style transfer magnitude using an input scalar knob. We report promising qualitative results for several attribute transfer tasks (sentiment transfer, simplification, gender neutralization, text anonymization) all without retraining the model. Finally, we find model evaluation to be difficult due to the lack of datasets and metrics for many languages. To facilitate future research we crowdsource formality annotations for 4000 sentence pairs in four Indic languages, and use this data to design our automatic evaluations.
Key facts. Cited by 20 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 53 of its 79 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 14 Oct 2021.
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Citing papers per year: 2022: 4; 2023: 8; 2024: 5; 2025: 2; 2026: 1.
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- 2023Paraphrasing evades detectors of AI-generated text, but retrieval is an effective defensecited by 401
- 2023In-context Vectors: Making In Context Learning More Effective and Controllable Through Latent Space Steeringcited by 240
- 2022LENS: A Learnable Evaluation Metric for Text Simplificationcited by 54
- 2022WeLM: A Well-Read Pre-trained Language Model for Chinesecited by 19
- 2023Exploring Methods for Cross-lingual Text Style Transfer: The Case of Text Detoxificationcited by 15
- 2022Controlling Translation Formality Using Pre-trained Multilingual Language Modelscited by 14
- 2024mEdIT: Multilingual Text Editing via Instruction Tuningcited by 13
- 2024Text Detoxification as Style Transfer in English and Hindicited by 11
- 2023RAMP: Retrieval and Attribute-Marking Enhanced Prompting for Attribute-Controlled Translationcited by 9
- 2024Multilingual Text Style Transfer: Datasets & Models for Indian Languagescited by 9
- 2025Towards Style Alignment in Cross-Cultural Translationcited by 4
- 2023In What Languages are Generative Language Models the Most Formal? Analyzing Formality Distribution across Languagescited by 2
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- 2022Variational Autoencoder with Disentanglement Priors for Low-Resource Task-Specific Natural Language Generationcited by 1
- 2023IruMozhi: Automatically classifying diglossia in Tamilcited by 1
- 2023Generative Sentiment Transfer via Adaptive Maskingcited by 0
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- 2026FineWeb-CLaR: Culture, Language, and Region Annotations for Benchmark-Aligned Corpus Auditingcited by 0
- 2026FineWeb-CLaR: Culture, Language, and Region Annotations for Benchmark-Aligned Corpus Auditing21 Sep 2026
- 2025Towards Style Alignment in Cross-Cultural Translation30 Jun 2025
- 2025Beyond One-Size-Fits-All Summarization: Customizing Summaries for Diverse Users10 Mar 2025
- 2024Cross-lingual Back-Parsing: Utterance Synthesis from Meaning Representation for Zero-Resource Semantic Parsing1 Oct 2024
- 2024A Survey of Text Style Transfer: Applications and Ethical Implications23 Jul 2024
- 2024Multilingual Text Style Transfer: Datasets & Models for Indian Languages31 May 2024
- 2024mEdIT: Multilingual Text Editing via Instruction Tuning26 Feb 2024
- 2024Text Detoxification as Style Transfer in English and Hindi12 Feb 2024
- 2023Exploring Methods for Cross-lingual Text Style Transfer: The Case of Text Detoxification23 Nov 2023
- 2023IruMozhi: Automatically classifying diglossia in Tamil13 Nov 2023
- 2023In-context Vectors: Making In Context Learning More Effective and Controllable Through Latent Space Steering11 Nov 2023
- 2023Comparing Styles across Languages: A Cross-Cultural Exploration of Politeness11 Oct 2023
8 more
- 2023RAMP: Retrieval and Attribute-Marking Enhanced Prompting for Attribute-Controlled Translation26 May 2023
- 2023Paraphrasing evades detectors of AI-generated text, but retrieval is an effective defense23 Mar 2023
- 2023In What Languages are Generative Language Models the Most Formal? Analyzing Formality Distribution across Languages23 Feb 2023
- 2023Generative Sentiment Transfer via Adaptive Masking23 Feb 2023
- 2022LENS: A Learnable Evaluation Metric for Text Simplification19 Dec 2022
- 2022WeLM: A Well-Read Pre-trained Language Model for Chinese21 Sep 2022
- 2022Controlling Translation Formality Using Pre-trained Multilingual Language Models13 May 2022
- 2022Variational Autoencoder with Disentanglement Priors for Low-Resource Task-Specific Natural Language Generation27 Feb 2022
- 2023In-context Vectors: Making In Context Learning More Effective and Controllable Through Latent Space Steeringcited by 240
- 2022LENS: A Learnable Evaluation Metric for Text Simplificationcited by 54
- 2022WeLM: A Well-Read Pre-trained Language Model for Chinesecited by 19
- 2023Exploring Methods for Cross-lingual Text Style Transfer: The Case of Text Detoxificationcited by 15
- 2022Controlling Translation Formality Using Pre-trained Multilingual Language Modelscited by 14
- 2024mEdIT: Multilingual Text Editing via Instruction Tuningcited by 13
- 2024Text Detoxification as Style Transfer in English and Hindicited by 11
- 2023RAMP: Retrieval and Attribute-Marking Enhanced Prompting for Attribute-Controlled Translationcited by 9
- 2024Multilingual Text Style Transfer: Datasets & Models for Indian Languagescited by 9
- 2025Towards Style Alignment in Cross-Cultural Translationcited by 4
- 2023In What Languages are Generative Language Models the Most Formal? Analyzing Formality Distribution across Languagescited by 2
- 2023Comparing Styles across Languages: A Cross-Cultural Exploration of Politenesscited by 2
12 most cited of 19 All 19 (JSON)
- 2026FineWeb-CLaR: Culture, Language, and Region Annotations for Benchmark-Aligned Corpus Auditing21 Sep 2026
- 2025Towards Style Alignment in Cross-Cultural Translation30 Jun 2025
- 2025Beyond One-Size-Fits-All Summarization: Customizing Summaries for Diverse Users10 Mar 2025
- 2024Cross-lingual Back-Parsing: Utterance Synthesis from Meaning Representation for Zero-Resource Semantic Parsing1 Oct 2024
- 2024A Survey of Text Style Transfer: Applications and Ethical Implications23 Jul 2024
- 2024Multilingual Text Style Transfer: Datasets & Models for Indian Languages31 May 2024
- 2024mEdIT: Multilingual Text Editing via Instruction Tuning26 Feb 2024
- 2024Text Detoxification as Style Transfer in English and Hindi12 Feb 2024
- 2023Exploring Methods for Cross-lingual Text Style Transfer: The Case of Text Detoxification23 Nov 2023
- 2023IruMozhi: Automatically classifying diglossia in Tamil13 Nov 2023
- 2023In-context Vectors: Making In Context Learning More Effective and Controllable Through Latent Space Steering11 Nov 2023
- 2023Comparing Styles across Languages: A Cross-Cultural Exploration of Politeness11 Oct 2023
12 newest of 19 All 19 (JSON)