mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

BundleTrack: 6D Pose Tracking for Novel Objects without Instance or Category-Level 3D Models

arXiv 2108.00516 ↗First posted 1 Aug 2021cs.CV cs.AI cs.GRcited by 87

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Abstract (arXiv)

Tracking the 6D pose of objects in video sequences is important for robot manipulation. Most prior efforts, however, often assume that the target object's CAD model, at least at a category-level, is available for offline training or during online template matching. This work proposes BundleTrack, a general framework for 6D pose tracking of novel objects, which does not depend upon 3D models, either at the instance or category-level. It leverages the complementary attributes of recent advances in deep learning for segmentation and robust feature extraction, as well as memory-augmented pose graph optimization for spatiotemporal consistency. This enables long-term, low-drift tracking under various challenging scenarios, including significant occlusions and object motions. Comprehensive experiments given two public benchmarks demonstrate that the proposed approach significantly outperforms state-of-art, category-level 6D tracking or dynamic SLAM methods. When compared against state-of-art methods that rely on an object instance CAD model, comparable performance is achieved, despite the proposed method's reduced information requirements. An efficient implementation in CUDA provides a real-time performance of 10Hz for the entire framework. Code is available at: https://github.com/wenbowen123/BundleTrack

Key facts. Cited by 87 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 44 of its 68 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 1 Aug 2021.

Builds on

44 of 68 references.

References · 44

  1. 2017Mask R-CNNcited by 7,259
  2. 2014Fully Convolutional Networks for Semantic Segmentationcited by 4,845
  3. 2016DeepLab: Semantic Image Segmentation with Deep Convolutional Nets, Atrous Convolution, and Fully Connected CRFscited by 3,239
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  6. 2017The 2017 DAVIS Challenge on Video Object Segmentationcited by 942
  7. 2017PoseCNN: A Convolutional Neural Network for 6D Object Pose Estimation in Cluttered Scenescited by 768
  8. 2018Open3D: A Modern Library for 3D Data Processingcited by 717
  9. 2019Normalized Object Coordinate Space for Category-Level 6D Object Pose and Size Estimationcited by 490
  10. 2018YouTube-VOS: A Large-Scale Video Object Segmentation Benchmarkcited by 381
  11. 2019DenseFusion: 6D Object Pose Estimation by Iterative Dense Fusioncited by 352
  12. 2020TEASER: Fast and Certifiable Point Cloud Registrationcited by 274
32 more
  1. 2018Deep Object Pose Estimation for Semantic Robotic Grasping of Household Objectscited by 237
  2. 2019Pix2Pose: Pixel-Wise Coordinate Regression of Objects for 6D Pose Estimationcited by 218
  3. 2019PVN3D: A Deep Point-wise 3D Keypoints Voting Network for 6DoF Pose Estimationcited by 204
  4. 2018LF-Net: Learning Local Features from Imagescited by 151
  5. 2020Learning Canonical Shape Space for Category-Level 6D Object Pose and Size Estimationcited by 123
  6. 2016BundleFusion: Real-time Globally Consistent 3D Reconstruction using On-the-fly Surface Re-integrationcited by 116
  7. 2017Grasp Pose Detection in Point Cloudscited by 107
  8. 2020Category Level Object Pose Estimation via Neural Analysis-by-Synthesiscited by 100
  9. 2015Benchmarking in Manipulation Research: The YCB Object and Model Set and Benchmarking Protocolscited by 98
  10. 2018MaskFusion: Real-Time Recognition, Tracking and Reconstruction of Multiple Moving Objectscited by 95
  11. 2019PoseRBPF: A Rao-Blackwellized Particle Filter for 6D Object Pose Trackingcited by 91
  12. 2019LatentFusion: End-to-End Differentiable Reconstruction and Rendering for Unseen Object Pose Estimationcited by 88
  13. 2020se(3)-TrackNet: Data-driven 6D Pose Tracking by Calibrating Image Residuals in Synthetic Domainscited by 87
  14. 2018Discovery of Latent 3D Keypoints via End-to-end Geometric Reasoningcited by 79
  15. 20196-PACK: Category-level 6D Pose Tracker with Anchor-Based Keypointscited by 78
  16. 20196-DOF Grasping for Target-driven Object Manipulation in Cluttercited by 70
  17. 2018MID-Fusion: Octree-based Object-Level Multi-Instance Dynamic SLAMcited by 65
  18. 2020Learning RGB-D Feature Embeddings for Unseen Object Instance Segmentationcited by 64
  19. 2020A Transductive Approach for Video Object Segmentationcited by 55
  20. 2017Co-Fusion: Real-time Segmentation, Tracking and Fusion of Multiple Objectscited by 47
  21. 20173D Object Reconstruction from Hand-Object Interactionscited by 31
  22. 2017Real-time Perception meets Reactive Motion Generationcited by 30
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  24. 2020Robust, Occlusion-aware Pose Estimation for Objects Grasped by Adaptive Handscited by 26
  25. 2016Depth-Based Object Tracking Using a Robust Gaussian Filtercited by 22
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Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2021: 2; 2022: 20; 2023: 19; 2024: 15; 2025: 18; 2026: 13.

87 papers.

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  1. 2023FoundationPose: Unified 6D Pose Estimation and Tracking of Novel Objectscited by 411
  2. 2022HOI4D: A 4D Egocentric Dataset for Category-Level Human-Object Interactioncited by 321
  3. 2023MimicGen: A Data Generation System for Scalable Robot Learning using Human Demonstrationscited by 308
  4. 2022OnePose: One-Shot Object Pose Estimation without CAD Modelscited by 155
  5. 2023BundleSDF: Neural 6-DoF Tracking and 3D Reconstruction of Unknown Objectscited by 144
  6. 2022Gen6D: Generalizable Model-Free 6-DoF Object Pose Estimation from RGB Imagescited by 120
  7. 20226-DoF Pose Estimation of Household Objects for Robotic Manipulation: An Accessible Dataset and Benchmarkcited by 85
  8. 2024General Flow as Foundation Affordance for Scalable Robot Learningcited by 80
  9. 2022You Only Demonstrate Once: Category-Level Manipulation from Single Visual Demonstrationcited by 79
  10. 2022ShAPO: Implicit Representations for Multi-Object Shape, Appearance, and Pose Optimizationcited by 70
  11. 2022CenterSnap: Single-Shot Multi-Object 3D Shape Reconstruction and Categorical 6D Pose and Size Estimationcited by 69
  12. 2023Visibility Aware Human-Object Interaction Tracking from Single RGB Cameracited by 58
38 more
  1. 2022Parallel Inversion of Neural Radiance Fields for Robust Pose Estimationcited by 55
  2. 2021CaTGrasp: Learning Category-Level Task-Relevant Grasping in Clutter from Simulationcited by 49
  3. 2024Omni6DPose: A Benchmark and Model for Universal 6D Object Pose Estimation and Trackingcited by 48
  4. 2023HS-Pose: Hybrid Scope Feature Extraction for Category-level Object Pose Estimationcited by 47
  5. 2023HANDAL: A Dataset of Real-World Manipulable Object Categories with Pose Annotations, Affordances, and Reconstructionscited by 47
  6. 2022SSP-Pose: Symmetry-Aware Shape Prior Deformation for Direct Category-Level Object Pose Estimationcited by 41
  7. 2024Deep Learning-Based Object Pose Estimation: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 39
  8. 2023TTA-COPE: Test-Time Adaptation for Category-Level Object Pose Estimationcited by 32
  9. 2023Open-vocabulary object 6D pose estimationcited by 29
  10. 2024HO-Cap: A Capture System and Dataset for 3D Reconstruction and Pose Tracking of Hand-Object Interactioncited by 25
  11. 2021iCaps: Iterative Category-level Object Pose and Shape Estimationcited by 23
  12. 2024InterTrack: Tracking Human Object Interaction without Object Templatescited by 22
  13. 2022Tracking and Reconstructing Hand Object Interactions from Point Cloud Sequences in the Wildcited by 17
  14. 2022PIZZA: A Powerful Image-only Zero-Shot Zero-CAD Approach to 6 DoF Trackingcited by 15
  15. 2023SOCS: Semantically-aware Object Coordinate Space for Category-Level 6D Object Pose Estimation under Large Shape Variationscited by 12
  16. 2023Diff-DOPE: Differentiable Deep Object Pose Estimationcited by 11
  17. 2023PACE: A Large-Scale Dataset with Pose Annotations in Cluttered Environmentscited by 11
  18. 2023Task Generalization with Stability Guarantees via Elastic Dynamical System Motion Policiescited by 10
  19. 2023MFOS: Model-Free & One-Shot Object Pose Estimationcited by 10
  20. 2024RHOBIN Challenge: Reconstruction of Human Object Interactioncited by 10
  21. 2024Lost & Found: Tracking Changes from Egocentric Observations in 3D Dynamic Scene Graphscited by 10
  22. 20246DOPE-GS: Online 6D Object Pose Estimation using Gaussian Splattingcited by 10
  23. 20256D Object Pose Tracking in Internet Videos for Robotic Manipulationcited by 10
  24. 2025GoTrack: Generic 6DoF Object Pose Refinement and Trackingcited by 10
  25. 2025UA-Pose: Uncertainty-Aware 6D Object Pose Estimation and Online Object Completion with Partial Referencescited by 9
  26. 2022Learning to Complete Object Shapes for Object-level Mapping in Dynamic Scenescited by 8
  27. 2023You Only Look at One: Category-Level Object Representations for Pose Estimation From a Single Examplecited by 8
  28. 2025From Simple to Complex Skills: The Case of In-Hand Object Reorientationcited by 8
  29. 2022BCOT: A Markerless High-Precision 3D Object Tracking Benchmarkcited by 7
  30. 2022Large-displacement 3D Object Tracking with Hybrid Non-local Optimizationcited by 7
  31. 2026FunRec: Reconstructing Functional 3D Scenes from Egocentric Interaction Videoscited by 7
  32. 2022Learning Sensorimotor Primitives of Sequential Manipulation Tasks from Visual Demonstrationscited by 6
  33. 2022Optimal and Robust Category-level Perception: Object Pose and Shape Estimation from 2D and 3D Semantic Keypointscited by 6
  34. 2022Ambiguity-Aware Multi-Object Pose Optimization for Visually-Assisted Robot Manipulationcited by 6
  35. 2025RGBTrack: Fast, Robust Depth-Free 6D Pose Estimation and Trackingcited by 6
  36. 2022Enhancing Generalizable 6D Pose Tracking of an In-Hand Object with Tactile Sensingcited by 5
  37. 2022One-Shot Neural Fields for 3D Object Understandingcited by 5
  38. 2022Video based Object 6D Pose Estimation using Transformerscited by 5

50 most cited of 87 All 87 (JSON)