GOO: A Dataset for Gaze Object Prediction in Retail Environments
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Abstract (arXiv)
One of the most fundamental and information-laden actions humans do is to look at objects. However, a survey of current works reveals that existing gaze-related datasets annotate only the pixel being looked at, and not the boundaries of a specific object of interest. This lack of object annotation presents an opportunity for further advancing gaze estimation research. To this end, we present a challenging new task called gaze object prediction, where the goal is to predict a bounding box for a person's gazed-at object. To train and evaluate gaze networks on this task, we present the Gaze On Objects (GOO) dataset. GOO is composed of a large set of synthetic images (GOO Synth) supplemented by a smaller subset of real images (GOO-Real) of people looking at objects in a retail environment. Our work establishes extensive baselines on GOO by re-implementing and evaluating selected state-of-the art models on the task of gaze following and domain adaptation. Code is available on github.
Key facts. Cited by 26 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 11 of its 28 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 22 May 2021.
Builds on
11 of 28 references.
References · 11
- 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 51,809
- 2014Microsoft COCO: Common Objects in Contextcited by 17,498
- 2014ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challengecited by 8,441
- 2016Feature Pyramid Networks for Object Detectioncited by 5,021
- 2013Rich feature hierarchies for accurate object detection and semantic segmentationcited by 2,160
- 2015Convolutional LSTM Network: A Machine Learning Approach for Precipitation Nowcastingcited by 1,428
- 2015TurkerGaze: Crowdsourcing Saliency with Webcam based Eye Trackingcited by 165
- 2020Detecting Attended Visual Targets in Videocited by 76
- 2018Connecting Gaze, Scene, and Attention: Generalized Attention Estimation via Joint Modeling of Gaze and Scene Saliencycited by 53
- 2015CAT2000: A Large Scale Fixation Dataset for Boosting Saliency Researchcited by 52
- 2019Believe It or Not, We Know What You Are Looking at!cited by 38
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 2; 2022: 3; 2023: 6; 2024: 4; 2025: 4; 2026: 7.
26 papers.
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- 2024Gaze-LLE: Gaze Target Estimation via Large-Scale Learned Encoderscited by 36
- 2023ChildPlay: A New Benchmark for Understanding Children's Gaze Behaviourcited by 35
- 2021Automatic Gaze Analysis: A Survey of Deep Learning based Approachescited by 33
- 2023A Modular Multimodal Architecture for Gaze Target Prediction: Application to Privacy-Sensitive Settingscited by 31
- 2022Multimodal Across Domains Gaze Target Detectioncited by 22
- 2022Patch-level Gaze Distribution Prediction for Gaze Followingcited by 22
- 2021GaTector: A Unified Framework for Gaze Object Predictioncited by 18
- 2023An End-to-End Review of Gaze Estimation and its Interactive Applications on Handheld Mobile Devicescited by 13
- 2023A Review of Driver Gaze Estimation and Application in Gaze Behavior Understandingcited by 12
- 2024A Gaze-grounded Visual Question Answering Dataset for Clarifying Ambiguous Japanese Questionscited by 7
- 2023Joint Gaze-Location and Gaze-Object Detectioncited by 6
- 2024TransGOP: Transformer-Based Gaze Object Predictioncited by 6
14 more
- 2024GazeHTA: End-to-end Gaze Target Detection with Head-Target Associationcited by 6
- 2022HAZE-Net: High-Frequency Attentive Super-Resolved Gaze Estimation in Low-Resolution Face Imagescited by 4
- 2025VL4Gaze: Unleashing Vision-Language Models for Gaze Followingcited by 3
- 2025Leveraging Multi-Modal Saliency and Fusion for Gaze Target Detectioncited by 2
- 2023Sharingan: A Transformer-based Architecture for Gaze Followingcited by 1
- 2025GazeTarget360: Towards Gaze Target Estimation in 360-Degree for Robot Perceptioncited by 1
- 2025GaTector+: A Unified Head-free Framework for Gaze Object and Gaze Following Predictioncited by 1
- 2026GazeMoE: Perception of Gaze Target with Mixture-of-Expertscited by 0
- 2026Multi-scale Object-Aware Gaze Estimation via Geometric Reasoningcited by 0
- 2026PAGE: Towards Practical Human-level Gaze Target Estimationcited by 0
- 2026TextGaze: Prompting Gaze Target Estimation with Textual Scene Cuescited by 0
- 2026Open-Vocabulary Gaze Object Prediction: Benchmark and Methodcited by 0
- 2026Gaze-Anchored Social Net: Decoding Implicit Relations via Joint Modelingcited by 0
- 2026Gaze Target Estimation Anywhere with Conceptscited by 0
- 2026Gaze Target Estimation Anywhere with Concepts11 Aug 2026
- 2026Gaze-Anchored Social Net: Decoding Implicit Relations via Joint Modeling24 Jul 2026
- 2026Open-Vocabulary Gaze Object Prediction: Benchmark and Method21 Jul 2026
- 2026TextGaze: Prompting Gaze Target Estimation with Textual Scene Cues11 Jul 2026
- 2026PAGE: Towards Practical Human-level Gaze Target Estimation6 Jul 2026
- 2026Multi-scale Object-Aware Gaze Estimation via Geometric Reasoning28 Jun 2026
- 2026GazeMoE: Perception of Gaze Target with Mixture-of-Experts6 Mar 2026
- 2025VL4Gaze: Unleashing Vision-Language Models for Gaze Following23 Dec 2025
- 2025GaTector+: A Unified Head-free Framework for Gaze Object and Gaze Following Prediction29 Oct 2025
- 2025GazeTarget360: Towards Gaze Target Estimation in 360-Degree for Robot Perception30 Jun 2025
- 2025Leveraging Multi-Modal Saliency and Fusion for Gaze Target Detection27 Apr 2025
- 2024Gaze-LLE: Gaze Target Estimation via Large-Scale Learned Encoders12 Dec 2024
14 more
- 2024GazeHTA: End-to-end Gaze Target Detection with Head-Target Association16 Apr 2024
- 2024A Gaze-grounded Visual Question Answering Dataset for Clarifying Ambiguous Japanese Questions26 Mar 2024
- 2024TransGOP: Transformer-Based Gaze Object Prediction21 Feb 2024
- 2023Sharingan: A Transformer-based Architecture for Gaze Following1 Oct 2023
- 2023Joint Gaze-Location and Gaze-Object Detection26 Aug 2023
- 2023A Modular Multimodal Architecture for Gaze Target Prediction: Application to Privacy-Sensitive Settings11 Jul 2023
- 2023ChildPlay: A New Benchmark for Understanding Children's Gaze Behaviour4 Jul 2023
- 2023A Review of Driver Gaze Estimation and Application in Gaze Behavior Understanding4 Jul 2023
- 2023An End-to-End Review of Gaze Estimation and its Interactive Applications on Handheld Mobile Devices30 Jun 2023
- 2022Patch-level Gaze Distribution Prediction for Gaze Following20 Nov 2022
- 2022HAZE-Net: High-Frequency Attentive Super-Resolved Gaze Estimation in Low-Resolution Face Images21 Sep 2022
- 2022Multimodal Across Domains Gaze Target Detection23 Aug 2022
- 2021GaTector: A Unified Framework for Gaze Object Prediction7 Dec 2021
- 2021Automatic Gaze Analysis: A Survey of Deep Learning based Approaches12 Aug 2021
- 2024Gaze-LLE: Gaze Target Estimation via Large-Scale Learned Encoderscited by 36
- 2023ChildPlay: A New Benchmark for Understanding Children's Gaze Behaviourcited by 35
- 2021Automatic Gaze Analysis: A Survey of Deep Learning based Approachescited by 33
- 2023A Modular Multimodal Architecture for Gaze Target Prediction: Application to Privacy-Sensitive Settingscited by 31
- 2022Multimodal Across Domains Gaze Target Detectioncited by 22
- 2022Patch-level Gaze Distribution Prediction for Gaze Followingcited by 22
- 2021GaTector: A Unified Framework for Gaze Object Predictioncited by 18
- 2023An End-to-End Review of Gaze Estimation and its Interactive Applications on Handheld Mobile Devicescited by 13
- 2023A Review of Driver Gaze Estimation and Application in Gaze Behavior Understandingcited by 12
- 2024A Gaze-grounded Visual Question Answering Dataset for Clarifying Ambiguous Japanese Questionscited by 7
- 2023Joint Gaze-Location and Gaze-Object Detectioncited by 6
- 2024TransGOP: Transformer-Based Gaze Object Predictioncited by 6
12 most cited of 24 All 24 (JSON)
- 2026Gaze Target Estimation Anywhere with Concepts11 Aug 2026
- 2026Gaze-Anchored Social Net: Decoding Implicit Relations via Joint Modeling24 Jul 2026
- 2026Open-Vocabulary Gaze Object Prediction: Benchmark and Method21 Jul 2026
- 2026TextGaze: Prompting Gaze Target Estimation with Textual Scene Cues11 Jul 2026
- 2026PAGE: Towards Practical Human-level Gaze Target Estimation6 Jul 2026
- 2026Multi-scale Object-Aware Gaze Estimation via Geometric Reasoning28 Jun 2026
- 2025GaTector+: A Unified Head-free Framework for Gaze Object and Gaze Following Prediction29 Oct 2025
- 2025GazeTarget360: Towards Gaze Target Estimation in 360-Degree for Robot Perception30 Jun 2025
- 2025Leveraging Multi-Modal Saliency and Fusion for Gaze Target Detection27 Apr 2025
- 2024Gaze-LLE: Gaze Target Estimation via Large-Scale Learned Encoders12 Dec 2024
- 2024GazeHTA: End-to-end Gaze Target Detection with Head-Target Association16 Apr 2024
- 2024A Gaze-grounded Visual Question Answering Dataset for Clarifying Ambiguous Japanese Questions26 Mar 2024
12 newest of 24 All 24 (JSON)