GaitSet: Cross-view Gait Recognition through Utilizing Gait as a Deep Set
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Abstract (arXiv)
Gait is a unique biometric feature that can be recognized at a distance; thus, it has broad applications in crime prevention, forensic identification, and social security. To portray a gait, existing gait recognition methods utilize either a gait template which makes it difficult to preserve temporal information, or a gait sequence that maintains unnecessary sequential constraints and thus loses the flexibility of gait recognition. In this paper, we present a novel perspective that utilizes gait as a deep set, which means that a set of gait frames are integrated by a global-local fused deep network inspired by the way our left- and right-hemisphere processes information to learn information that can be used in identification. Based on this deep set perspective, our method is immune to frame permutations, and can naturally integrate frames from different videos that have been acquired under different scenarios, such as diverse viewing angles, different clothes, or different item-carrying conditions. Experiments show that under normal walking conditions, our single-model method achieves an average rank-1 accuracy of 96.1% on the CASIA-B gait dataset and an accuracy of 87.9% on the OU-MVLP gait dataset. Under various complex scenarios, our model also exhibits a high level of robustness. It achieves accuracies of 90.8% and 70.3% on CASIA-B under bag-carrying and coat-wearing walking conditions respectively, significantly outperforming the best existing methods. Moreover, the proposed method maintains a satisfactory accuracy even when only small numbers of frames are available in the test samples; for example, it achieves 85.0% on CASIA-B even when using only 7 frames. The source code has been released at https://github.com/AbnerHqC/GaitSet.
Key facts. Cited by 57 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 18 of its 50 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 5 Feb 2021.
Builds on
18 of 50 references.
References · 18
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6 more
- 2018Learning Discriminative Features with Multiple Granularities for Person Re-Identificationcited by 290
- 2018Harmonious Attention Network for Person Re-Identificationcited by 211
- 2016Person Re-identification: Past, Present and Futurecited by 180
- 2018GaitSet: Regarding Gait as a Set for Cross-View Gait Recognitioncited by 137
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 2; 2022: 16; 2023: 10; 2024: 9; 2025: 10; 2026: 10.
57 papers.
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- 2022A Comprehensive Survey on Deep Gait Recognition: Algorithms, Datasets and Challengescited by 45
- 2024BigGait: Learning Gait Representation You Want by Large Vision Modelscited by 44
- 2023DyGait: Exploiting Dynamic Representations for High-performance Gait Recognitioncited by 35
- 2022Spatial Transformer Network on Skeleton-based Gait Recognitioncited by 32
- 2021Learning Rich Features for Gait Recognition by Integrating Skeletons and Silhouettescited by 29
- 2022GaitGL: Learning Discriminative Global-Local Feature Representations for Gait Recognitioncited by 25
- 2022Learning Gait Representation from Massive Unlabelled Walking Videos: A Benchmarkcited by 24
- 2022GaitMixer: Skeleton-based Gait Representation Learning via Wide-spectrum Multi-axial Mixercited by 18
- 2025BiggerGait: Unlocking Gait Recognition with Layer-wise Representations from Large Vision Modelscited by 18
- 2024QAGait: Revisit Gait Recognition from a Quality Perspectivecited by 16
- 2025On Denoising Walking Videos for Gait Recognitioncited by 14
- 2024Gait Patterns as Biomarkers: A Video-Based Approach for Classifying Scoliosiscited by 12
38 more
- 2024Exploring More from Multiple Gait Modalities for Human Identificationcited by 12
- 2022GaitStrip: Gait Recognition via Effective Strip-based Feature Representations and Multi-Level Frameworkcited by 10
- 2025HAMoBE: Hierarchical and Adaptive Mixture of Biometric Experts for Video-based Person ReIDcited by 10
- 2022Generalized Inter-class Loss for Gait Recognitioncited by 8
- 2023Free Lunch for Gait Recognition: A Novel Relation Descriptorcited by 8
- 2025DAGait: Generalized Skeleton-Guided Data Alignment for Gait Recognitioncited by 8
- 2025H-MoRe: Learning Human-centric Motion Representation for Action Analysiscited by 8
- 2022Multi-scale Context-aware Network with Transformer for Gait Recognitioncited by 6
- 2022A Benchmark of Video-Based Clothes-Changing Person Re-Identificationcited by 4
- 2023Pedestrian Attribute Editing for Gait Recognition and Anonymizationcited by 4
- 2023GaitGS: Temporal Feature Learning in Granularity and Span Dimension for Gait Recognitioncited by 3
- 2024The Paradox of Motion: Evidence for Spurious Correlations in Skeleton-based Gait Recognition Modelscited by 3
- 2022An Identity-Preserved Framework for Human Motion Transfercited by 2
- 2022CNTN: Cyclic Noise-tolerant Network for Gait Recognitioncited by 2
- 2024SetPINNs: Set-based Physics-informed Neural Networkscited by 2
- 2026EventGait: Towards Robust Gait Recognition with Event Streamscited by 2
- 2022GaitMM: Multi-Granularity Motion Sequence Learning for Gait Recognitioncited by 1
- 2022Towards Complete-View and High-Level Pose-based Gait Recognitioncited by 1
- 2023GaitMorph: Transforming Gait by Optimally Transporting Discrete Codescited by 1
- 2023InvKA: Gait Recognition via Invertible Koopman Autoencodercited by 1
- 2023Runner re-identification from single-view running video in the open-world settingcited by 1
- 2025On Model and Data Scaling for Skeleton-based Self-Supervised Gait Recognitioncited by 1
- 2025Mesh-Gait: A Unified Framework for Gait Recognition Through Multi-Modal Representation Learning from 2D Silhouettescited by 1
- 2025Combo-Gait: Unified Transformer Framework for Multi-Modal Gait Recognition and Attribute Analysiscited by 1
- 2026IDSelect: A RL-Based Cost-Aware Selection Agent for Video-based Multi-Modal Person Recognitioncited by 1
- 2026Text-guided Feature Disentanglement for Cross-modal Gait Recognitioncited by 1
- 2021Occlusion-Invariant Rotation-Equivariant Semi-Supervised Depth Based Cross-View Gait Pose Estimationcited by 0
- 2022Spatio-temporal Gait Feature with Global Distance Alignmentcited by 0
- 2022Gait Cycle Reconstruction and Human Identification from Occluded Sequencescited by 0
- 2022Motion Matters: A Novel Motion Modeling For Cross-View Gait Feature Learningcited by 0
- 2023TinySiamese Network for Biometric Analysiscited by 0
- 2023GaitASMS: Gait Recognition by Adaptive Structured Spatial Representation and Multi-Scale Temporal Aggregationcited by 0
- 2023Human Gait Recognition using Deep Learning: A Comprehensive Reviewcited by 0
- 2024GaitPoint+: A Gait Recognition Network Incorporating Point Cloud Analysis and Recyclingcited by 0
- 2024Gait Recognition from Highly Compressed Videoscited by 0
- 2024Gait Sequence Upsampling using Diffusion Models for Single LiDAR Sensorscited by 0
- 2025Unsupervised Domain Adaptation with Dynamic Clustering and Contrastive Refinement for Gait Recognitioncited by 0
- 2025MoME: Estimating Psychological Traits from Gait with Multi-Stage Mixture of Movement Expertscited by 0
50 most cited of 57 All 57 (JSON)
- 2026Who Remains, What Changes: Identity Anchored Composed Gait Retrieval27 Aug 2026
- 2026Decoding Children's Gait Behavior1 Aug 2026
- 2026DiffCrossGait: Trajectory-Level Alignment for 2D-3D Cross-Modal Gait Recognition via Latent Diffusion29 May 2026
- 2026Text-guided Feature Disentanglement for Cross-modal Gait Recognition29 May 2026
- 2026EventGait: Towards Robust Gait Recognition with Event Streams21 May 2026
- 2026Gait Recognition via Deep Residual Networks and Multi-Branch Feature Fusion30 Apr 2026
- 2026Explicit Time-Frequency Dynamics for Skeleton-Based Gait Recognition3 Apr 2026
- 2026SilLang: Improving Gait Recognition with Silhouette Language Encoding25 Mar 2026
- 2026IDSelect: A RL-Based Cost-Aware Selection Agent for Video-based Multi-Modal Person Recognition22 Feb 2026
- 2026Human Identification at a Distance: Challenges, Methods and Results on the Competition HID 20257 Feb 2026
- 2025Combo-Gait: Unified Transformer Framework for Multi-Modal Gait Recognition and Attribute Analysis12 Oct 2025
- 2025Mesh-Gait: A Unified Framework for Gait Recognition Through Multi-Modal Representation Learning from 2D Silhouettes12 Oct 2025
38 more
- 2025MoME: Estimating Psychological Traits from Gait with Multi-Stage Mixture of Movement Experts6 Oct 2025
- 2025HAMoBE: Hierarchical and Adaptive Mixture of Biometric Experts for Video-based Person ReID7 Aug 2025
- 2025On Denoising Walking Videos for Gait Recognition24 May 2025
- 2025BiggerGait: Unlocking Gait Recognition with Layer-wise Representations from Large Vision Models23 May 2025
- 2025H-MoRe: Learning Human-centric Motion Representation for Action Analysis14 Apr 2025
- 2025On Model and Data Scaling for Skeleton-based Self-Supervised Gait Recognition10 Apr 2025
- 2025DAGait: Generalized Skeleton-Guided Data Alignment for Gait Recognition24 Mar 2025
- 2025Unsupervised Domain Adaptation with Dynamic Clustering and Contrastive Refinement for Gait Recognition28 Jan 2025
- 2024Exploring More from Multiple Gait Modalities for Human Identification16 Dec 2024
- 2024Gait Sequence Upsampling using Diffusion Models for Single LiDAR Sensors11 Oct 2024
- 2024SetPINNs: Set-based Physics-informed Neural Networks30 Sep 2024
- 2024Gait Patterns as Biomarkers: A Video-Based Approach for Classifying Scoliosis8 Jul 2024
- 2024Gait Recognition from Highly Compressed Videos18 Apr 2024
- 2024GaitPoint+: A Gait Recognition Network Incorporating Point Cloud Analysis and Recycling16 Apr 2024
- 2024BigGait: Learning Gait Representation You Want by Large Vision Models29 Feb 2024
- 2024The Paradox of Motion: Evidence for Spurious Correlations in Skeleton-based Gait Recognition Models13 Feb 2024
- 2024QAGait: Revisit Gait Recognition from a Quality Perspective24 Jan 2024
- 2023Runner re-identification from single-view running video in the open-world setting18 Oct 2023
- 2023InvKA: Gait Recognition via Invertible Koopman Autoencoder26 Sep 2023
- 2023Human Gait Recognition using Deep Learning: A Comprehensive Review18 Sep 2023
- 2023Free Lunch for Gait Recognition: A Novel Relation Descriptor22 Aug 2023
- 2023GaitASMS: Gait Recognition by Adaptive Structured Spatial Representation and Multi-Scale Temporal Aggregation29 Jul 2023
- 2023GaitMorph: Transforming Gait by Optimally Transporting Discrete Codes27 Jul 2023
- 2023TinySiamese Network for Biometric Analysis2 Jul 2023
- 2023GaitGS: Temporal Feature Learning in Granularity and Span Dimension for Gait Recognition31 May 2023
- 2023DyGait: Exploiting Dynamic Representations for High-performance Gait Recognition27 Mar 2023
- 2023Pedestrian Attribute Editing for Gait Recognition and Anonymization9 Mar 2023
- 2022A Benchmark of Video-Based Clothes-Changing Person Re-Identification21 Nov 2022
- 2022GaitMixer: Skeleton-based Gait Representation Learning via Wide-spectrum Multi-axial Mixer27 Oct 2022
- 2022Motion Matters: A Novel Motion Modeling For Cross-View Gait Feature Learning21 Oct 2022
- 2022CNTN: Cyclic Noise-tolerant Network for Gait Recognition13 Oct 2022
- 2022Generalized Inter-class Loss for Gait Recognition13 Oct 2022
- 2022Towards Complete-View and High-Level Pose-based Gait Recognition23 Sep 2022
- 2022GaitMM: Multi-Granularity Motion Sequence Learning for Gait Recognition18 Sep 2022
- 2022GaitGL: Learning Discriminative Global-Local Feature Representations for Gait Recognition2 Aug 2022
- 2022Learning Gait Representation from Massive Unlabelled Walking Videos: A Benchmark28 Jun 2022
- 2022A Comprehensive Survey on Deep Gait Recognition: Algorithms, Datasets and Challenges28 Jun 2022
- 2022Gait Cycle Reconstruction and Human Identification from Occluded Sequences20 Jun 2022
50 newest of 57 All 57 (JSON)
- 2022A Comprehensive Survey on Deep Gait Recognition: Algorithms, Datasets and Challengescited by 45
- 2024BigGait: Learning Gait Representation You Want by Large Vision Modelscited by 44
- 2023DyGait: Exploiting Dynamic Representations for High-performance Gait Recognitioncited by 35
- 2022Spatial Transformer Network on Skeleton-based Gait Recognitioncited by 32
- 2021Learning Rich Features for Gait Recognition by Integrating Skeletons and Silhouettescited by 29
- 2022GaitGL: Learning Discriminative Global-Local Feature Representations for Gait Recognitioncited by 25
- 2022Learning Gait Representation from Massive Unlabelled Walking Videos: A Benchmarkcited by 24
- 2022GaitMixer: Skeleton-based Gait Representation Learning via Wide-spectrum Multi-axial Mixercited by 18
- 2025BiggerGait: Unlocking Gait Recognition with Layer-wise Representations from Large Vision Modelscited by 18
- 2024QAGait: Revisit Gait Recognition from a Quality Perspectivecited by 16
- 2025On Denoising Walking Videos for Gait Recognitioncited by 14
- 2024Gait Patterns as Biomarkers: A Video-Based Approach for Classifying Scoliosiscited by 12
12 most cited of 55 All 55 (JSON)
- 2026Who Remains, What Changes: Identity Anchored Composed Gait Retrieval27 Aug 2026
- 2026Decoding Children's Gait Behavior1 Aug 2026
- 2026Text-guided Feature Disentanglement for Cross-modal Gait Recognition29 May 2026
- 2026EventGait: Towards Robust Gait Recognition with Event Streams21 May 2026
- 2026Gait Recognition via Deep Residual Networks and Multi-Branch Feature Fusion30 Apr 2026
- 2026Explicit Time-Frequency Dynamics for Skeleton-Based Gait Recognition3 Apr 2026
- 2026SilLang: Improving Gait Recognition with Silhouette Language Encoding25 Mar 2026
- 2026IDSelect: A RL-Based Cost-Aware Selection Agent for Video-based Multi-Modal Person Recognition22 Feb 2026
- 2026Human Identification at a Distance: Challenges, Methods and Results on the Competition HID 20257 Feb 2026
- 2025Combo-Gait: Unified Transformer Framework for Multi-Modal Gait Recognition and Attribute Analysis12 Oct 2025
- 2025Mesh-Gait: A Unified Framework for Gait Recognition Through Multi-Modal Representation Learning from 2D Silhouettes12 Oct 2025
- 2025MoME: Estimating Psychological Traits from Gait with Multi-Stage Mixture of Movement Experts6 Oct 2025
12 newest of 55 All 55 (JSON)