mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

How Does NLP Benefit Legal System: A Summary of Legal Artificial Intelligence

arXiv 2004.12158 ↗First posted 25 Apr 2020cs.CLcited by 128

Not on the map. Why?

Abstract (arXiv)

Legal Artificial Intelligence (LegalAI) focuses on applying the technology of artificial intelligence, especially natural language processing, to benefit tasks in the legal domain. In recent years, LegalAI has drawn increasing attention rapidly from both AI researchers and legal professionals, as LegalAI is beneficial to the legal system for liberating legal professionals from a maze of paperwork. Legal professionals often think about how to solve tasks from rule-based and symbol-based methods, while NLP researchers concentrate more on data-driven and embedding methods. In this paper, we introduce the history, the current state, and the future directions of research in LegalAI. We illustrate the tasks from the perspectives of legal professionals and NLP researchers and show several representative applications in LegalAI. We conduct experiments and provide an in-depth analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of existing works to explore possible future directions. You can find the implementation of our work from https://github.com/thunlp/CLAIM.

Key facts. Cited by 128 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 25 Apr 2020.

Builds on

No reference list yet.

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2021: 17; 2022: 17; 2023: 33; 2024: 21; 2025: 20; 2026: 20.

128 papers.

Sort:

By area:

  1. 2021LexGLUE: A Benchmark Dataset for Legal Language Understanding in Englishcited by 302
  2. 2021CUAD: An Expert-Annotated NLP Dataset for Legal Contract Reviewcited by 232
  3. 2021When Does Pretraining Help? Assessing Self-Supervised Learning for Law and the CaseHOLD Datasetcited by 199
  4. 2023Large Language Models in Law: A Surveycited by 128
  5. 2023DISC-LawLLM: Fine-tuning Large Language Models for Intelligent Legal Servicescited by 117
  6. 2021Lawformer: A Pre-trained Language Model for Chinese Legal Long Documentscited by 115
  7. 2021MultiEURLEX -- A multi-lingual and multi-label legal document classification dataset for zero-shot cross-lingual transfercited by 89
  8. 2021Turn the Combination Lock: Learnable Textual Backdoor Attacks via Word Substitutioncited by 85
  9. 2021Paragraph-level Rationale Extraction through Regularization: A case study on European Court of Human Rights Casescited by 77
  10. 2023LEXTREME: A Multi-Lingual and Multi-Task Benchmark for the Legal Domaincited by 68
  11. 2021Swiss-Judgment-Prediction: A Multilingual Legal Judgment Prediction Benchmarkcited by 60
  12. 2023Precedent-Enhanced Legal Judgment Prediction with LLM and Domain-Model Collaborationcited by 52
38 more
  1. 2022A Survey on Legal Judgment Prediction: Datasets, Metrics, Models and Challengescited by 50
  2. 2022FairLex: A Multilingual Benchmark for Evaluating Fairness in Legal Text Processingcited by 48
  3. 2024Natural Language Processing for the Legal Domain: A Survey of Tasks, Datasets, Models, and Challengescited by 42
  4. 2022Pre-trained Language Models for the Legal Domain: A Case Study on Indian Lawcited by 39
  5. 2024AgentsCourt: Building Judicial Decision-Making Agents with Court Debate Simulation and Legal Knowledge Augmentationcited by 39
  6. 2023Natural Language Processing in the Legal Domaincited by 38
  7. 2024LawLLM: Law Large Language Model for the US Legal Systemcited by 37
  8. 2022LEVEN: A Large-Scale Chinese Legal Event Detection Datasetcited by 36
  9. 2024Facing the Elephant in the Room: Visual Prompt Tuning or Full Finetuning?cited by 31
  10. 2023KnowGPT: Knowledge Graph based Prompting for Large Language Modelscited by 30
  11. 2023A Comprehensive Evaluation of Large Language Models on Legal Judgment Predictioncited by 27
  12. 2021On the Ethical Limits of Natural Language Processing on Legal Textcited by 26
  13. 2022Named Entity Recognition in Indian court judgmentscited by 26
  14. 2024Federated Large Language Models: Current Progress and Future Directionscited by 22
  15. 2021Multi-granular Legal Topic Classification on Greek Legislationcited by 15
  16. 2021AutoLAW: Augmented Legal Reasoning through Legal Precedent Predictioncited by 14
  17. 2023The Cambridge Law Corpus: A Dataset for Legal AI Researchcited by 14
  18. 2021Dependency Learning for Legal Judgment Prediction with a Unified Text-to-Text Transformercited by 13
  19. 2023Bringing order into the realm of Transformer-based language models for artificial intelligence and lawcited by 13
  20. 2024Evaluating Differentially Private Synthetic Data Generation in High-Stakes Domainscited by 12
  21. 2021Equality before the Law: Legal Judgment Consistency Analysis for Fairnesscited by 11
  22. 2022HLDC: Hindi Legal Documents Corpuscited by 11
  23. 2023PIVOINE: Instruction Tuning for Open-world Information Extractioncited by 10
  24. 2023BLT: Can Large Language Models Handle Basic Legal Text?cited by 10
  25. 2023Finding the Law: Enhancing Statutory Article Retrieval via Graph Neural Networkscited by 9
  26. 2023Legal Extractive Summarization of U.S. Court Opinionscited by 9
  27. 2023Prototype-Based Interpretability for Legal Citation Predictioncited by 9
  28. 2023LAiW: A Chinese Legal Large Language Models Benchmarkcited by 9
  29. 2025Debate-Feedback: A Multi-Agent Framework for Efficient Legal Judgment Predictioncited by 9
  30. 2025Large Language Models Meet Legal Artificial Intelligence: A Surveycited by 9
  31. 2025Benchmarking Multi-Step Legal Reasoning and Analyzing Chain-of-Thought Effects in Large Language Modelscited by 9
  32. 2021Similar Cases Recommendation using Legal Knowledge Graphscited by 8
  33. 2022Exploiting Contrastive Learning and Numerical Evidence for Confusing Legal Judgment Predictioncited by 8
  34. 2023The Law and NLP: Bridging Disciplinary Disconnectscited by 8
  35. 2023MUSER: A Multi-View Similar Case Retrieval Datasetcited by 8
  36. 2022LegalRelectra: Mixed-domain Language Modeling for Long-range Legal Text Comprehensioncited by 7
  37. 2023Large Language Model Prompt Chaining for Long Legal Document Classificationcited by 7
  38. 2024LexSumm and LexT5: Benchmarking and Modeling Legal Summarization Tasks in Englishcited by 7

50 most cited of 128 All 128 (JSON)