Why Can't I Dance in the Mall? Learning to Mitigate Scene Bias in Action Recognition
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Abstract (arXiv)
Human activities often occur in specific scene contexts, e.g., playing basketball on a basketball court. Training a model using existing video datasets thus inevitably captures and leverages such bias (instead of using the actual discriminative cues). The learned representation may not generalize well to new action classes or different tasks. In this paper, we propose to mitigate scene bias for video representation learning. Specifically, we augment the standard cross-entropy loss for action classification with 1) an adversarial loss for scene types and 2) a human mask confusion loss for videos where the human actors are masked out. These two losses encourage learning representations that are unable to predict the scene types and the correct actions when there is no evidence. We validate the effectiveness of our method by transferring our pre-trained model to three different tasks, including action classification, temporal localization, and spatio-temporal action detection. Our results show consistent improvement over the baseline model without debiasing.
Key facts. Cited by 117 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 11 Dec 2019.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 26; 2022: 28; 2023: 23; 2024: 11; 2025: 18; 2026: 11.
117 papers.
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- 2021MIST: Multiple Instance Self-Training Framework for Video Anomaly Detectioncited by 138
- 2021TCLR: Temporal Contrastive Learning for Video Representationcited by 136
- 2021Evidential Deep Learning for Open Set Action Recognitioncited by 96
- 2022Temporal Action Segmentation: An Analysis of Modern Techniquescited by 85
- 2021Temporal Query Networks for Fine-grained Video Understandingcited by 68
- 2023VITATECS: A Diagnostic Dataset for Temporal Concept Understanding of Video-Language Modelscited by 55
- 2024On the Content Bias in Fr'echet Video Distancecited by 52
- 2021Contrast and Mix: Temporal Contrastive Video Domain Adaptation with Background Mixingcited by 49
- 2022Discover and Mitigate Unknown Biases with Debiasing Alternate Networkscited by 47
- 2021On Semantic Similarity in Video Retrievalcited by 46
- 2021Discover the Unknown Biased Attribute of an Image Classifiercited by 46
- 2021Motion-aware Contrastive Video Representation Learning via Foreground-background Mergingcited by 45
38 more
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- 2022On Guiding Visual Attention with Language Specificationcited by 30
- 2024GAIA: Rethinking Action Quality Assessment for AI-Generated Videoscited by 30
- 2021Video Pose Distillation for Few-Shot, Fine-Grained Sports Action Recognitioncited by 29
- 2022vCLIMB: A Novel Video Class Incremental Learning Benchmarkcited by 28
- 2022Learn2Augment: Learning to Composite Videos for Data Augmentation in Action Recognitioncited by 27
- 2022Mitigating and Evaluating Static Bias of Action Representations in the Background and the Foregroundcited by 27
- 2022A Deeper Dive Into What Deep Spatiotemporal Networks Encode: Quantifying Static vs. Dynamic Informationcited by 26
- 2023Open Set Action Recognition via Multi-Label Evidential Learningcited by 26
- 2023Opening the Vocabulary of Egocentric Actionscited by 23
- 2024Understanding Video Transformers via Universal Concept Discoverycited by 23
- 2021Learning Representational Invariances for Data-Efficient Action Recognitioncited by 22
- 2025MASH-VLM: Mitigating Action-Scene Hallucination in Video-LLMs through Disentangled Spatial-Temporal Representationscited by 22
- 2026Interpreting Physics in Video World Modelscited by 22
- 2025Prisma: An Open Source Toolkit for Mechanistic Interpretability in Vision and Videocited by 21
- 2021COMPOSER: Compositional Reasoning of Group Activity in Videos with Keypoint-Only Modalitycited by 19
- 2023Unified Keypoint-based Action Recognition Framework via Structured Keypoint Poolingcited by 19
- 2023Diversifying Spatial-Temporal Perception for Video Domain Generalizationcited by 19
- 2022Learning to Refactor Action and Co-occurrence Features for Temporal Action Localizationcited by 18
- 2023GeoNet: Benchmarking Unsupervised Adaptation across Geographiescited by 17
- 2022Is Appearance Free Action Recognition Possible?cited by 16
- 2022Dual Contrastive Learning for Spatio-temporal Representationcited by 15
- 2024XOV-Action: Towards Generalizable Open-Vocabulary Action Recognitioncited by 15
- 2025DebGCD: Debiased Learning with Distribution Guidance for Generalized Category Discoverycited by 15
- 2021Metadata Normalizationcited by 14
- 2023EZ-CLIP: Efficient Zeroshot Video Action Recognitioncited by 14
- 2023CDFSL-V: Cross-Domain Few-Shot Learning for Videoscited by 13
- 2024Fairness and Bias Mitigation in Computer Vision: A Surveycited by 13
- 2021Hopper: Multi-hop Transformer for Spatiotemporal Reasoningcited by 12
- 2022Video Action Detection: Analysing Limitations and Challengescited by 12
- 2023Decomposed Cross-modal Distillation for RGB-based Temporal Action Detectioncited by 12
- 2023SOAR: Scene-debiasing Open-set Action Recognitioncited by 12
- 2023CAST: Cross-Attention in Space and Time for Video Action Recognitioncited by 12
- 2023A Survey of Deep Learning in Sports Applications: Perception, Comprehension, and Decisioncited by 11
- 2022FAR: Fourier Aerial Video Recognitioncited by 10
50 most cited of 117 All 117 (JSON)
- 2026Reachability Is Not Generalization: Understanding Verb--Noun Decomposition in Assembly Action Recognition4 Sep 2026
- 2026What, Where, and How: Probing Spatiotemporal Representations in Video Foundation Models1 Sep 2026
- 2026Learning to Deny: Action Denial in Multimodal Large Language Models30 Jun 2026
- 2026TrAction: Action Recognition with Sparse Trajectories2 Jun 2026
- 2026EVIDENT: Routing MLLM Adaptation through Entity-Grounded Visual Evidence for Cross-Domain Video Temporal Grounding25 May 2026
- 2026Exploring High-Order Self-Similarity for Video Understanding22 Apr 2026
- 2026Identifying Ethical Biases in Action Recognition Models20 Apr 2026
- 2026SlotVTG: Object-Centric Adapter for Generalizable Video Temporal Grounding26 Mar 2026
- 2026SSR: A Training-Free Approach for Streaming 3D Reconstruction16 Mar 2026
- 2026Interpreting Physics in Video World Models4 Feb 2026
- 2026Why Can't I Open My Drawer? Mitigating Object-Driven Shortcuts in Zero-Shot Compositional Action Recognition22 Jan 2026
- 2025Seeing Beyond the Scene: Analyzing and Mitigating Background Bias in Action Recognition17 Dec 2025
38 more
- 2025TRoVe: Discovering Error-Inducing Static Feature Biases in Temporal Vision-Language Models30 Nov 2025
- 2025Privacy Beyond Pixels: Latent Anonymization for Privacy-Preserving Video Understanding11 Nov 2025
- 2025Gradient-based Model Shortcut Detection for Time Series Classification11 Oct 2025
- 2025Disentangling Static and Dynamic Information for Reducing Static Bias in Action Recognition27 Sep 2025
- 2025PixFoundation 2.0: Do Video Multi-Modal LLMs Use Motion in Visual Grounding?2 Sep 2025
- 2025ESSENTIAL: Episodic and Semantic Memory Integration for Video Class-Incremental Learning14 Aug 2025
- 2025MoExDA: Domain Adaptation for Edge-based Action Recognition5 Aug 2025
- 2025Synthetic Human Action Video Data Generation with Pose Transfer11 Jun 2025
- 2025Prisma: An Open Source Toolkit for Mechanistic Interpretability in Vision and Video28 Apr 2025
- 2025A Large-Scale Analysis on Contextual Self-Supervised Video Representation Learning8 Apr 2025
- 2025DebGCD: Debiased Learning with Distribution Guidance for Generalized Category Discovery7 Apr 2025
- 2025CA^2ST: Cross-Attention in Audio, Space, and Time for Holistic Video Recognition30 Mar 2025
- 2025MASH-VLM: Mitigating Action-Scene Hallucination in Video-LLMs through Disentangled Spatial-Temporal Representations20 Mar 2025
- 2025The PanAf-FGBG Dataset: Understanding the Impact of Backgrounds in Wildlife Behaviour Recognition28 Feb 2025
- 2025Learning to Generalize without Bias for Open-Vocabulary Action Recognition27 Feb 2025
- 2025ALBAR: Adversarial Learning approach to mitigate Biases in Action Recognition31 Jan 2025
- 2025Can masking background and object reduce static bias for zero-shot action recognition?22 Jan 2025
- 2024Data Collection-free Masked Video Modeling10 Sep 2024
- 2024FinePseudo: Improving Pseudo-Labelling through Temporal-Alignablity for Semi-Supervised Fine-Grained Action Recognition2 Sep 2024
- 2024Fairness and Bias Mitigation in Computer Vision: A Survey5 Aug 2024
- 2024Human-Centric Transformer for Domain Adaptive Action Recognition15 Jul 2024
- 2024GAIA: Rethinking Action Quality Assessment for AI-Generated Videos10 Jun 2024
- 2024Deep video representation learning: a survey10 May 2024
- 2024On the Content Bias in Fr'echet Video Distance18 Apr 2024
- 2024Simultaneous Detection and Interaction Reasoning for Object-Centric Action Recognition18 Apr 2024
- 2024Selective, Interpretable, and Motion Consistent Privacy Attribute Obfuscation for Action Recognition19 Mar 2024
- 2024XOV-Action: Towards Generalizable Open-Vocabulary Action Recognition3 Mar 2024
- 2024Understanding Video Transformers via Universal Concept Discovery19 Jan 2024
- 2023EZ-CLIP: Efficient Zeroshot Video Action Recognition13 Dec 2023
- 2023Attribute Annotation and Bias Evaluation in Visual Datasets for Autonomous Driving11 Dec 2023
- 2023Dual-Teacher De-biasing Distillation Framework for Multi-domain Fake News Detection2 Dec 2023
- 2023DEVIAS: Learning Disentangled Video Representations of Action and Scene30 Nov 2023
- 2023CAST: Cross-Attention in Space and Time for Video Action Recognition30 Nov 2023
- 2023VITATECS: A Diagnostic Dataset for Temporal Concept Understanding of Video-Language Models29 Nov 2023
- 2023Adversarial Reweighting Guided by Wasserstein Distance for Bias Mitigation21 Nov 2023
- 2023GLAD: Global-Local View Alignment and Background Debiasing for Unsupervised Video Domain Adaptation with Large Domain Gap21 Nov 2023
- 2023Learning Human Action Recognition Representations Without Real Humans10 Nov 2023
- 2023Diversifying Spatial-Temporal Perception for Video Domain Generalization27 Oct 2023
50 newest of 117 All 117 (JSON)
- 2025TRoVe: Discovering Error-Inducing Static Feature Biases in Temporal Vision-Language Modelscited by 2
- 2025PixFoundation 2.0: Do Video Multi-Modal LLMs Use Motion in Visual Grounding?cited by 1
- 2026SlotVTG: Object-Centric Adapter for Generalizable Video Temporal Groundingcited by 1
- 2026Learning to Deny: Action Denial in Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 0
- 2026Learning to Deny: Action Denial in Multimodal Large Language Models30 Jun 2026
- 2026SlotVTG: Object-Centric Adapter for Generalizable Video Temporal Grounding26 Mar 2026
- 2025TRoVe: Discovering Error-Inducing Static Feature Biases in Temporal Vision-Language Models30 Nov 2025
- 2025PixFoundation 2.0: Do Video Multi-Modal LLMs Use Motion in Visual Grounding?2 Sep 2025
- 2026Interpreting Physics in Video World Modelscited by 22
- 2026Interpreting Physics in Video World Models4 Feb 2026
- 2021MIST: Multiple Instance Self-Training Framework for Video Anomaly Detectioncited by 138
- 2021TCLR: Temporal Contrastive Learning for Video Representationcited by 136
- 2021Evidential Deep Learning for Open Set Action Recognitioncited by 96
- 2022Temporal Action Segmentation: An Analysis of Modern Techniquescited by 85
- 2021Temporal Query Networks for Fine-grained Video Understandingcited by 68
- 2023VITATECS: A Diagnostic Dataset for Temporal Concept Understanding of Video-Language Modelscited by 55
- 2024On the Content Bias in Fr'echet Video Distancecited by 52
- 2021Contrast and Mix: Temporal Contrastive Video Domain Adaptation with Background Mixingcited by 49
- 2022Discover and Mitigate Unknown Biases with Debiasing Alternate Networkscited by 47
- 2021On Semantic Similarity in Video Retrievalcited by 46
- 2021Discover the Unknown Biased Attribute of an Image Classifiercited by 46
- 2021Motion-aware Contrastive Video Representation Learning via Foreground-background Mergingcited by 45
12 most cited of 107 All 107 (JSON)
- 2026Reachability Is Not Generalization: Understanding Verb--Noun Decomposition in Assembly Action Recognition4 Sep 2026
- 2026What, Where, and How: Probing Spatiotemporal Representations in Video Foundation Models1 Sep 2026
- 2026TrAction: Action Recognition with Sparse Trajectories2 Jun 2026
- 2026EVIDENT: Routing MLLM Adaptation through Entity-Grounded Visual Evidence for Cross-Domain Video Temporal Grounding25 May 2026
- 2026Exploring High-Order Self-Similarity for Video Understanding22 Apr 2026
- 2026Identifying Ethical Biases in Action Recognition Models20 Apr 2026
- 2026SSR: A Training-Free Approach for Streaming 3D Reconstruction16 Mar 2026
- 2026Why Can't I Open My Drawer? Mitigating Object-Driven Shortcuts in Zero-Shot Compositional Action Recognition22 Jan 2026
- 2025Seeing Beyond the Scene: Analyzing and Mitigating Background Bias in Action Recognition17 Dec 2025
- 2025Privacy Beyond Pixels: Latent Anonymization for Privacy-Preserving Video Understanding11 Nov 2025
- 2025Gradient-based Model Shortcut Detection for Time Series Classification11 Oct 2025
- 2025Disentangling Static and Dynamic Information for Reducing Static Bias in Action Recognition27 Sep 2025
12 newest of 107 All 107 (JSON)