mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

A Just and Comprehensive Strategy for Using NLP to Address Online Abuse

arXiv 1906.01738 ↗First posted 4 Jun 2019cs.SI cs.CL cs.CYcited by 49

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Abstract (arXiv)

Online abusive behavior affects millions and the NLP community has attempted to mitigate this problem by developing technologies to detect abuse. However, current methods have largely focused on a narrow definition of abuse to detriment of victims who seek both validation and solutions. In this position paper, we argue that the community needs to make three substantive changes: (1) expanding our scope of problems to tackle both more subtle and more serious forms of abuse, (2) developing proactive technologies that counter or inhibit abuse before it harms, and (3) reframing our effort within a framework of justice to promote healthy communities.

Key facts. Cited by 49 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 4 Jun 2019.

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2021: 18; 2022: 11; 2023: 8; 2024: 7; 2025: 4; 2026: 1.

49 papers.

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  1. 2021Dealing with Disagreements: Looking Beyond the Majority Vote in Subjective Annotationscited by 306
  2. 2021Latent Hatred: A Benchmark for Understanding Implicit Hate Speechcited by 216
  3. 2021Anticipating Safety Issues in E2E Conversational AI: Framework and Toolingcited by 77
  4. 2021A Survey of Race, Racism, and Anti-Racism in NLPcited by 74
  5. 2023Do LLMs Understand Social Knowledge? Evaluating the Sociability of Large Language Models with SocKET Benchmarkcited by 62
  6. 2021Whose Opinions Matter? Perspective-aware Models to Identify Opinions of Hate Speech Victims in Abusive Language Detectioncited by 38
  7. 2023COBRA Frames: Contextual Reasoning about Effects and Harms of Offensive Statementscited by 34
  8. 2023HARE: Explainable Hate Speech Detection with Step-by-Step Reasoningcited by 30
  9. 2024SLM-Mod: Small Language Models Surpass LLMs at Content Moderationcited by 27
  10. 2022How Hate Speech Varies by Target Identity: A Computational Analysiscited by 23
  11. 2021Conversations Gone Alright: Quantifying and Predicting Prosocial Outcomes in Online Conversationscited by 20
  12. 2022A Human Rights-Based Approach to Responsible AIcited by 20
37 more
  1. 2021Abuse is Contextual, What about NLP? The Role of Context in Abusive Language Annotation and Detectioncited by 19
  2. 2021Detecting Community Sensitive Norm Violations in Online Conversationscited by 18
  3. 2022Proactive Moderation of Online Discussions: Existing Practices and the Potential for Algorithmic Supportcited by 15
  4. 2022Mitigating Covertly Unsafe Text within Natural Language Systemscited by 13
  5. 2025MoMoE: Mixture of Moderation Experts Framework for AI-Assisted Online Governancecited by 13
  6. 2021Countering Online Hate Speech: An NLP Perspectivecited by 12
  7. 2022AnnoBERT: Effectively Representing Multiple Annotators' Label Choices to Improve Hate Speech Detectioncited by 12
  8. 2023CoSyn: Detecting Implicit Hate Speech in Online Conversations Using a Context Synergized Hyperbolic Networkcited by 12
  9. 2022Counterfactually Augmented Data and Unintended Bias: The Case of Sexism and Hate Speech Detectioncited by 11
  10. 2024DetoxLLM: A Framework for Detoxification with Explanationscited by 10
  11. 2021An Information Retrieval Approach to Building Datasets for Hate Speech Detectioncited by 9
  12. 2021Revisiting Contextual Toxicity Detection in Conversationscited by 8
  13. 2022Mitigating Toxic Degeneration with Empathetic Data: Exploring the Relationship Between Toxicity and Empathycited by 8
  14. 2023CPL-NoViD: Context-Aware Prompt-based Learning for Norm Violation Detection in Online Communitiescited by 7
  15. 2024Decoding Hate: Exploring Language Models' Reactions to Hate Speechcited by 6
  16. 2021Predicting Different Types of Subtle Toxicity in Unhealthy Online Conversationscited by 5
  17. 2022Foveate, Attribute, and Rationalize: Towards Physically Safe and Trustworthy AIcited by 5
  18. 2023K-HATERS: A Hate Speech Detection Corpus in Korean with Target-Specific Ratingscited by 5
  19. 2021Leveraging cross-platform data to improve automated hate speech detectioncited by 4
  20. 2021Modeling Users and Online Communities for Abuse Detection: A Position on Ethics and Explainabilitycited by 4
  21. 2021The ComMA Dataset V0.2: Annotating Aggression and Bias in Multilingual Social Media Discoursecited by 4
  22. 2021A Neighbourhood Framework for Resource-Lean Content Flaggingcited by 3
  23. 2023Analyzing Norm Violations in Live-Stream Chatcited by 3
  24. 2024Pre-Trained Language Models for Keyphrase Prediction: A Reviewcited by 3
  25. 2021CO-STAR: Conceptualisation of Stereotypes for Analysis and Reasoningcited by 2
  26. 2022Exploiting Social Media Content for Self-Supervised Style Transfercited by 2
  27. 2023Is the U.S. Legal System Ready for AI's Challenges to Human Values?cited by 2
  28. 2025Conversations Gone Awry, But Then? Evaluating Conversational Forecasting Modelscited by 2
  29. 2022Cross-Platform and Cross-Domain Abusive Language Detection with Supervised Contrastive Learningcited by 1
  30. 2024HarmPot: An Annotation Framework for Evaluating Offline Harm Potential of Social Media Textcited by 1
  31. 2024LLM-Mediated Domain-Specific Voice Agents: The Case of TextileBotcited by 1
  32. 2025Specializing General-purpose LLM Embeddings for Implicit Hate Speech Detection across Datasetscited by 1
  33. 2021#ContextMatters: Advantages and Limitations of Using Machine Learning to Support Women in Politicscited by 0
  34. 2022Placing M-Phasis on the Plurality of Hate: A Feature-Based Corpus of Hate Onlinecited by 0
  35. 2024Human-Centric NLP or AI-Centric Illusion?: A Critical Investigationcited by 0
  36. 2025Selective Demonstration Retrieval for Improved Implicit Hate Speech Detectioncited by 0
  37. 2026Wait! There's a Way Out: A Decision Mechanism for Forecasting Conversational Derailmentcited by 0