mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Learngene: From Open-World to Your Learning Task

arXiv 2106.06788 ↗First posted 12 Jun 2021cs.LG cs.AIcited by 27

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Abstract (arXiv)

Although deep learning has made significant progress on fixed large-scale datasets, it typically encounters challenges regarding improperly detecting unknown/unseen classes in the open-world scenario, over-parametrized, and overfitting small samples. Since biological systems can overcome the above difficulties very well, individuals inherit an innate gene from collective creatures that have evolved over hundreds of millions of years and then learn new skills through few examples. Inspired by this, we propose a practical collective-individual paradigm where an evolution (expandable) network is trained on sequential tasks and then recognize unknown classes in real-world. Moreover, the learngene, i.e., the gene for learning initialization rules of the target model, is proposed to inherit the meta-knowledge from the collective model and reconstruct a lightweight individual model on the target task. Particularly, a novel criterion is proposed to discover learngene in the collective model, according to the gradient information. Finally, the individual model is trained only with few samples on the target learning tasks. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in an extensive empirical study and theoretical analysis.

Key facts. Cited by 27 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 45 of its 80 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 12 Jun 2021.

Builds on

45 of 80 references.

References · 45

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33 more
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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2022: 1; 2023: 6; 2024: 7; 2025: 6; 2026: 7.

27 papers.

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  1. 2023A Comprehensive Survey of Continual Learning: Theory, Method and Applicationcited by 872
  2. 2024Foundation Model for Advancing Healthcare: Challenges, Opportunities, and Future Directionscited by 77
  3. 2023Learngene: Inheriting Condensed Knowledge from the Ancestry Model to Descendant Modelscited by 24
  4. 2023Online Boosting Adaptive Learning under Concept Drift for Multistream Classificationcited by 17
  5. 2024WAVE: Weight Templates for Adaptive Initialization of Variable-sized Modelscited by 17
  6. 2022Deep Incubation: Training Large Models by Divide-and-Conqueringcited by 13
  7. 2023Transformer as Linear Expansion of Learngenecited by 13
  8. 2024Transferring Core Knowledge via Learngenescited by 10
  9. 2024KIND: Knowledge Integration and Diversion for Training Decomposable Modelscited by 10
  10. 2023Genes in Intelligent Agentscited by 9
  11. 2024Exploring Learngene via Stage-wise Weight Sharing for Initializing Variable-sized Modelscited by 9
  12. 2023Building Variable-sized Models via Learngene Poolcited by 7
15 more
  1. 2025DivControl: Knowledge Diversion for Controllable Image Generationcited by 7
  2. 2024FINE: Factorizing Knowledge for Initialization of Variable-sized Diffusion Modelscited by 5
  3. 2025One-Shot Knowledge Transfer for Scalable Person Re-Identificationcited by 4
  4. 2025MPD-SGR: Robust Spiking Neural Networks with Membrane Potential Distribution-Driven Surrogate Gradient Regularizationcited by 2
  5. 2026Understanding Performance Collapse in Layer-Pruned Large Language Models via Decision Representation Transitionscited by 2
  6. 2024QC-Forest: a Classical-Quantum Algorithm to Provably Speedup Retraining of Random Forestcited by 1
  7. 2025Knowledge Diversion for Efficient Morphology Control and Policy Transfercited by 1
  8. 2025Harmonizing Generalization and Personalization in Ring-topology Decentralized Federated Learningcited by 0
  9. 2025Out-of-Distribution Graph Models Mergingcited by 0
  10. 2026Self-Supervised Weight Templates for Scalable Vision Model Initializationcited by 0
  11. 2026CLIP-Map: Structured Matrix Mapping for Parameter-Efficient CLIP Compressioncited by 0
  12. 2026Breaking the Scale Barrier: One-Shot Knowledge Transfer via Frequency Transformcited by 0
  13. 2026Constraint-based Pre-training: From Structured Constraints to Scalable Model Initializationcited by 0
  14. 2026Chain-based Distillation for Effective Initialization of Variable-Sized Small Language Modelscited by 0
  15. 2026Learngene Search Across Multiple Datasets for Building Variable-Sized Modelscited by 0