mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Learning non-maximum suppression

arXiv 1705.02950 ↗First posted 8 May 2017cs.CVcited by 113

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Abstract (arXiv)

Object detectors have hugely profited from moving towards an end-to-end learning paradigm: proposals, features, and the classifier becoming one neural network improved results two-fold on general object detection. One indispensable component is non-maximum suppression (NMS), a post-processing algorithm responsible for merging all detections that belong to the same object. The de facto standard NMS algorithm is still fully hand-crafted, suspiciously simple, and -- being based on greedy clustering with a fixed distance threshold -- forces a trade-off between recall and precision. We propose a new network architecture designed to perform NMS, using only boxes and their score. We report experiments for person detection on PETS and for general object categories on the COCO dataset. Our approach shows promise providing improved localization and occlusion handling.

Key facts. Cited by 113 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 8 May 2017.

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2021: 17; 2022: 9; 2023: 17; 2024: 23; 2025: 25; 2026: 22.

113 papers.

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  1. 2024YOLOv10: Real-Time End-to-End Object Detectioncited by 515
  2. 2021Occluded Video Instance Segmentation: A Benchmarkcited by 154
  3. 2022Group DETR: Fast DETR Training with Group-Wise One-to-Many Assignmentcited by 98
  4. 2023Real-Time Flying Object Detection with YOLOv8cited by 94
  5. 2021Multimodal Object Detection via Probabilistic Ensemblingcited by 68
  6. 2021Differentiable Patch Selection for Image Recognitioncited by 68
  7. 2021GrooMeD-NMS: Grouped Mathematically Differentiable NMS for Monocular 3D Object Detectioncited by 66
  8. 2021Multiview Detection with Shadow Transformer (and View-Coherent Data Augmentation)cited by 45
  9. 2023SODFormer: Streaming Object Detection with Transformer Using Events and Framescited by 39
  10. 2021Learnable Online Graph Representations for 3D Multi-Object Trackingcited by 38
  11. 2024LW-DETR: A Transformer Replacement to YOLO for Real-Time Detectioncited by 36
  12. 2024ADA-Track++: End-to-End Multi-Camera 3D Multi-Object Tracking with Alternating Detection and Associationcited by 33
38 more
  1. 2022Progressive End-to-End Object Detection in Crowded Scenescited by 31
  2. 2023Retina : Low-Power Eye Tracking with Event Camera and Spiking Hardwarecited by 27
  3. 2023Group Pose: A Simple Baseline for End-to-End Multi-person Pose Estimationcited by 26
  4. 2024Lumen: Unleashing Versatile Vision-Centric Capabilities of Large Multimodal Modelscited by 24
  5. 2025FOCUS: Internal MLLM Representations for Efficient Fine-Grained Visual Question Answeringcited by 20
  6. 2024A Simple Latent Diffusion Approach for Panoptic Segmentation and Mask Inpaintingcited by 18
  7. 2021T6D-Direct: Transformers for Multi-Object 6D Pose Direct Regressioncited by 16
  8. 2024MVG-Splatting: Multi-View Guided Gaussian Splatting with Adaptive Quantile-Based Geometric Consistency Densificationcited by 16
  9. 2023Boosting Detection in Crowd Analysis via Underutilized Output Featurescited by 14
  10. 2023ODAM: Gradient-based instance-specific visual explanations for object detectioncited by 12
  11. 2025RF-DETR Object Detection vs YOLOv12 : A Study of Transformer-based and CNN-based Architectures for Single-Class and Multi-Class Greenfruit Detection in Complex Orchard Environments Under Label Ambiguitycited by 12
  12. 2023CBARF: Cascaded Bundle-Adjusting Neural Radiance Fields from Imperfect Camera Posescited by 11
  13. 2021Variational Pedestrian Detectioncited by 10
  14. 2021Towards Balanced Learning for Instance Recognitioncited by 9
  15. 2024Planning from Imagination: Episodic Simulation and Episodic Memory for Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 8
  16. 2022Graph Fusion Network for Multi-Oriented Object Detectioncited by 7
  17. 2022A Mask Attention Interaction and Scale Enhancement Network for SAR Ship Instance Segmentationcited by 7
  18. 2024Real-time object detection and robotic manipulation for agriculture using a YOLO-based learning approachcited by 7
  19. 2024Domain-Adaptive 2D Human Pose Estimation via Dual Teachers in Extremely Low-Light Conditionscited by 7
  20. 2021Enhancing Object Detection for Autonomous Driving by Optimizing Anchor Generation and Addressing Class Imbalancecited by 6
  21. 2023Learning Dynamic Query Combinations for Transformer-based Object Detection and Segmentationcited by 6
  22. 2024Quantifying Uncertainty in Motion Prediction with Variational Bayesian Mixturecited by 6
  23. 2025CLoCKDistill: Consistent Location-and-Context-aware Knowledge Distillation for DETRscited by 6
  24. 2022Pay "Attention" to Adverse Weather: Weather-aware Attention-based Object Detectioncited by 5
  25. 2022DATE: Dual Assignment for End-to-End Fully Convolutional Object Detectioncited by 4
  26. 2023Continual Learning through Human-Robot Interaction: Human Perceptions of a Continual Learning Robot in Repeated Interactionscited by 4
  27. 2023A Boosted Model Ensembling Approach to Ball Action Spotting in Videos: The Runner-Up Solution to CVPR'23 SoccerNet Challengecited by 4
  28. 2024End-to-End Semi-Supervised approach with Modulated Object Queries for Table Detection in Documentscited by 4
  29. 2024Semi-Supervised Object Detection: A Survey on Progress from CNN to Transformercited by 4
  30. 2024OMG-Net: A Deep Learning Framework Deploying Segment Anything to Detect Pan-Cancer Mitotic Figures from Haematoxylin and Eosin-Stained Slidescited by 4
  31. 2024Three Cars Approaching within 100m! Enhancing Distant Geometry by Tri-Axis Voxel Scanning for Camera-based Semantic Scene Completioncited by 4
  32. 2025Global Collinearity-aware Polygonizer for Polygonal Building Mapping in Remote Sensingcited by 4
  33. 2022Cost Effective MLaaS Federation: A Combinatorial Reinforcement Learning Approachcited by 3
  34. 2023YOLOPose V2: Understanding and Improving Transformer-based 6D Pose Estimationcited by 3
  35. 2024Can't Slow me Down: Learning Robust and Hardware-Adaptive Object Detectors against Latency Attacks for Edge Devicescited by 3
  36. 2025Multi-Cue Adaptive Visual Token Pruning for Large Vision-Language Modelscited by 3
  37. 2025HMPE:HeatMap Embedding for Efficient Transformer-Based Small Object Detectioncited by 3
  38. 2025Differentiable NMS via Sinkhorn Matching for End-to-End Fabric Defect Detectioncited by 3

50 most cited of 113 All 113 (JSON)