mlsanityData to 13 Oct 2026

How Strongly Should Task State Influence an LLM Agent?

arXiv 2609.25686 ↗First posted 22 Sep 2026cs.AI cs.CL cs.LGcited by 0

On the map: LLM agents and tool use → Agent threats, guardrails and governance also fits: General LLM agent frameworks and benchmarks

Abstract (arXiv)

Long-horizon assigned work requires an LLM agent to track the state of a task: which steps are done, blocked, cancelled, or open to repetition. Agent systems either keep this state as text in the prompt and rely on the model to read that text, or move the state into a module that enforces it, and each system is evaluated as a whole, so no one knows how much reliability comes from the state being shown, told, or enforced. We fix the task rules, the model, and paired episodes and vary how strongly task state reaches the agent: a raw transcript, an exact checklist, per-turn directives from a state machine compiled from the brief and advanced only by execution receipts, or an enforcement gate on that machine that refuses state-violating actions; every episode is scored by exact payload matching against dynamic ground truth. Across three models, two reasoning regimes, and two domains, four findings hold without per-turn reasoning: displaying accurate state is unreliable, an unverified ledger the agent writes itself beats an accurate checklist it is shown, directives help in proportion to the model's obedience, and enforcement needs no obedience but is bounded by the correctness of its state and by the matcher that maps requests to steps; per-turn reasoning at a 235B agent compresses these separations without repairing the text rungs. The same gate, compiled from τ2-bench's airline policy, raises a 235B agent's pass1 from 0.39 to 0.54 and changes nothing for a 35B agent that rarely violates the policy; on PM-Bench, where acting turns on recognizing a cue rather than on state, showing the record is the best rung--matching or beating both gates and reversing the ledger-over-checklist finding--and enforcing the matcher's judgement drops a 35B agent below its raw transcript. Enforcement pays when failures are state-decidable and frequent, and hurts when the gate's judgement is wrong.

Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 13 Oct 2026). Placed in Agent threats, guardrails and governance, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use. Builds on 65 of its 86 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 22 Sep 2026.

Builds on

65 of 86 references.

Closest ancestors · 8

Same direction, newest first

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  8. 2023Identifying the Risks of LM Agents with an LM-Emulated Sandbox25 Sep

Other references · 57

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