Beyond Prompts: Dynamic Conversational Benchmarking of Large Language Models
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Abstract (arXiv)
We introduce a dynamic benchmarking system for conversational agents that evaluates their performance through a single, simulated, and lengthy userleftrightarrowagent interaction. The interaction is a conversation between the user and agent, where multiple tasks are introduced and then undertaken concurrently. We context switch regularly to interleave the tasks, which constructs a realistic testing scenario in which we assess the Long-Term Memory, Continual Learning, and Information Integration capabilities of the agents. Results from both proprietary and open-source Large-Language Models show that LLMs in general perform well on single-task interactions, but they struggle on the same tasks when they are interleaved. Notably, short-context LLMs supplemented with an LTM system perform as well as or better than those with larger contexts. Our benchmark suggests that there are other challenges for LLMs responding to more natural interactions that contemporary benchmarks have heretofore not been able to capture.
Key facts. Cited by 20 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 35 of its 51 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 30 Sep 2024.
Builds on
35 of 51 references.
References · 35
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23 more
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Citing papers per year: 2025: 13; 2026: 7.
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- 2025Know Me, Respond to Me: Benchmarking LLMs for Dynamic User Profiling and Personalized Responses at Scalecited by 163
- 2025IntellAgent: A Multi-Agent Framework for Evaluating Conversational AI Systemscited by 25
- 2025StoryBench: A Dynamic Benchmark for Evaluating Long-Term Memory with Multi Turnscited by 20
- 2025A Personalized Conversational Benchmark: Towards Simulating Personalized Conversationscited by 16
- 2025Evolutionary Perspectives on the Evaluation of LLM-Based AI Agents: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 12
- 2026HEART: A Unified Benchmark for Assessing Humans and LLMs in Emotional Support Dialoguecited by 12
- 2025Memory in Large Language Models: Mechanisms, Evaluation and Evolutioncited by 8
- 2025The Inadequacy of Offline LLM Evaluations: A Need to Account for Personalization in Model Behaviorcited by 8
- 2026Breaking Contextual Inertia: Reinforcement Learning with Single-Turn Anchors for Stable Multi-Turn Interactioncited by 7
- 2025Higher Satisfaction, Lower Cost: A Technical Report on How LLMs Revolutionize Meituan's Intelligent Interaction Systemscited by 6
- 2026PM-Bench: Evaluating Prospective Memory in LLM Agentscited by 6
- 2026Mitigating Conversational Inertia in Multi-Turn Agentscited by 5
8 more
- 2025MARS-Bench: A Multi-turn Athletic Real-world Scenario Benchmark for Dialogue Evaluationcited by 4
- 2025Ticket-Bench: A Kickoff for Multilingual and Regionalized Agent Evaluationcited by 4
- 2025Are LLM Agents Behaviorally Coherent? Latent Profiles for Social Simulationcited by 3
- 2026AgentCE-Bench: Agent Configurable Evaluation with Scalable Horizons and Controllable Difficulty under Lightweight Environmentscited by 3
- 2025DaMo: Data Mixing Optimizer in Fine-tuning Multimodal LLMs for Mobile Phone Agentscited by 2
- 2025Evaluation Hallucination in Multi-Round Incomplete Information Lateral-Driven Reasoning Taskscited by 1
- 2026How Strongly Should Task State Influence an LLM Agent?cited by 0
- 2026When Should Agents Check External State? Budgeting Observations for Stored Intentionscited by 0
- 2026When Should Agents Check External State? Budgeting Observations for Stored Intentions29 Sep 2026
- 2026How Strongly Should Task State Influence an LLM Agent?22 Sep 2026
- 2026PM-Bench: Evaluating Prospective Memory in LLM Agents14 Jul 2026
- 2026AgentCE-Bench: Agent Configurable Evaluation with Scalable Horizons and Controllable Difficulty under Lightweight Environments7 Apr 2026
- 2026Breaking Contextual Inertia: Reinforcement Learning with Single-Turn Anchors for Stable Multi-Turn Interaction5 Mar 2026
- 2026Mitigating Conversational Inertia in Multi-Turn Agents3 Feb 2026
- 2026HEART: A Unified Benchmark for Assessing Humans and LLMs in Emotional Support Dialogue9 Jan 2026
- 2025DaMo: Data Mixing Optimizer in Fine-tuning Multimodal LLMs for Mobile Phone Agents22 Oct 2025
- 2025Higher Satisfaction, Lower Cost: A Technical Report on How LLMs Revolutionize Meituan's Intelligent Interaction Systems15 Oct 2025
- 2025Memory in Large Language Models: Mechanisms, Evaluation and Evolution23 Sep 2025
- 2025The Inadequacy of Offline LLM Evaluations: A Need to Account for Personalization in Model Behavior18 Sep 2025
- 2025Ticket-Bench: A Kickoff for Multilingual and Regionalized Agent Evaluation17 Sep 2025
8 more
- 2025Are LLM Agents Behaviorally Coherent? Latent Profiles for Social Simulation3 Sep 2025
- 2025StoryBench: A Dynamic Benchmark for Evaluating Long-Term Memory with Multi Turns16 Jun 2025
- 2025Evolutionary Perspectives on the Evaluation of LLM-Based AI Agents: A Comprehensive Survey6 Jun 2025
- 2025Evaluation Hallucination in Multi-Round Incomplete Information Lateral-Driven Reasoning Tasks28 May 2025
- 2025MARS-Bench: A Multi-turn Athletic Real-world Scenario Benchmark for Dialogue Evaluation27 May 2025
- 2025A Personalized Conversational Benchmark: Towards Simulating Personalized Conversations20 May 2025
- 2025Know Me, Respond to Me: Benchmarking LLMs for Dynamic User Profiling and Personalized Responses at Scale19 Apr 2025
- 2025IntellAgent: A Multi-Agent Framework for Evaluating Conversational AI Systems19 Jan 2025
- 2025IntellAgent: A Multi-Agent Framework for Evaluating Conversational AI Systemscited by 25
- 2025Evolutionary Perspectives on the Evaluation of LLM-Based AI Agents: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 12
- 2026PM-Bench: Evaluating Prospective Memory in LLM Agentscited by 6
- 2026Mitigating Conversational Inertia in Multi-Turn Agentscited by 5
- 2025Ticket-Bench: A Kickoff for Multilingual and Regionalized Agent Evaluationcited by 4
- 2025Are LLM Agents Behaviorally Coherent? Latent Profiles for Social Simulationcited by 3
- 2026How Strongly Should Task State Influence an LLM Agent?cited by 0
- 2026How Strongly Should Task State Influence an LLM Agent?22 Sep 2026
- 2026PM-Bench: Evaluating Prospective Memory in LLM Agents14 Jul 2026
- 2026Mitigating Conversational Inertia in Multi-Turn Agents3 Feb 2026
- 2025Ticket-Bench: A Kickoff for Multilingual and Regionalized Agent Evaluation17 Sep 2025
- 2025Are LLM Agents Behaviorally Coherent? Latent Profiles for Social Simulation3 Sep 2025
- 2025Evolutionary Perspectives on the Evaluation of LLM-Based AI Agents: A Comprehensive Survey6 Jun 2025
- 2025IntellAgent: A Multi-Agent Framework for Evaluating Conversational AI Systems19 Jan 2025
- 2025Know Me, Respond to Me: Benchmarking LLMs for Dynamic User Profiling and Personalized Responses at Scalecited by 163
- 2025StoryBench: A Dynamic Benchmark for Evaluating Long-Term Memory with Multi Turnscited by 20
- 2025A Personalized Conversational Benchmark: Towards Simulating Personalized Conversationscited by 16
- 2026HEART: A Unified Benchmark for Assessing Humans and LLMs in Emotional Support Dialoguecited by 12
- 2025Memory in Large Language Models: Mechanisms, Evaluation and Evolutioncited by 8
- 2025The Inadequacy of Offline LLM Evaluations: A Need to Account for Personalization in Model Behaviorcited by 8
- 2025Higher Satisfaction, Lower Cost: A Technical Report on How LLMs Revolutionize Meituan's Intelligent Interaction Systemscited by 6
- 2025MARS-Bench: A Multi-turn Athletic Real-world Scenario Benchmark for Dialogue Evaluationcited by 4
- 2026AgentCE-Bench: Agent Configurable Evaluation with Scalable Horizons and Controllable Difficulty under Lightweight Environmentscited by 3
- 2026When Should Agents Check External State? Budgeting Observations for Stored Intentionscited by 0
- 2026When Should Agents Check External State? Budgeting Observations for Stored Intentions29 Sep 2026
- 2026AgentCE-Bench: Agent Configurable Evaluation with Scalable Horizons and Controllable Difficulty under Lightweight Environments7 Apr 2026
- 2026HEART: A Unified Benchmark for Assessing Humans and LLMs in Emotional Support Dialogue9 Jan 2026
- 2025Higher Satisfaction, Lower Cost: A Technical Report on How LLMs Revolutionize Meituan's Intelligent Interaction Systems15 Oct 2025
- 2025Memory in Large Language Models: Mechanisms, Evaluation and Evolution23 Sep 2025
- 2025The Inadequacy of Offline LLM Evaluations: A Need to Account for Personalization in Model Behavior18 Sep 2025
- 2025StoryBench: A Dynamic Benchmark for Evaluating Long-Term Memory with Multi Turns16 Jun 2025
- 2025MARS-Bench: A Multi-turn Athletic Real-world Scenario Benchmark for Dialogue Evaluation27 May 2025
- 2025A Personalized Conversational Benchmark: Towards Simulating Personalized Conversations20 May 2025
- 2025Know Me, Respond to Me: Benchmarking LLMs for Dynamic User Profiling and Personalized Responses at Scale19 Apr 2025