Efficient-WAM: A 1B-Parameter World-Action Model with Low-Cost Future Imagination
On the map: World models → Embodied and robot world models
Abstract (arXiv)
World-Action Models (WAMs) have emerged as a promising paradigm for embodied control by coupling future visual prediction with action generation. However, many existing WAMs rely on photorealistic future prediction, which incurs high inference latency and makes real-time robot deployment difficult. We introduce Efficient-WAM, a World-Action Model motivated by the idea that a compact future branch can still support effective action generation, even at lower visual fidelity. Efficient-WAM improves inference efficiency via a compact video expert transferred from WAN-2.2-5B, token-sparse video latents, and asymmetric video-action denoising that allocates fewer sampling steps to video than to actions. Instead of prioritizing visual fidelity, Efficient-WAM treats future video prediction as a compact guidance signal for action generation. Experiments on RoboTwin 2.0 and real-world manipulation tasks show that Efficient-WAM maintains strong action performance despite visibly coarse future predictions. Our 1B-parameter model achieves 98 ms per action chunk during physical deployment, over 30x faster than the Motus baseline with comparable task success.
Key facts. Cited by 17 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Embodied and robot world models, one of 11 directions in World models. Builds on 22 of its 40 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 8 Jun 2026.
Builds on
22 of 40 references.
Closest ancestors · 10
Same direction, newest first
- 2026World Action Models: The Next Frontier in Embodied AI12 May
- 2026Being-H0.7: A Latent World-Action Model from Egocentric Videos30 Apr
- 2026Unified 4D World Action Modeling from Video Priors with Asynchronous Denoising29 Apr
- 2026GigaWorld-Policy: An Efficient Action-Centered World--Action Model18 Mar
- 2026Fast-WAM: Do World Action Models Need Test-time Future Imagination?17 Mar
- 2026World Action Models are Zero-shot Policies17 Feb
- 2026Causal World Modeling for Robot Control29 Jan
- 2025Motus: A Unified Latent Action World Model15 Dec
- 2025Unified World Models: Coupling Video and Action Diffusion for Pretraining on Large Robotic Datasets3 Apr
- 2023Diffusion Policy: Visuomotor Policy Learning via Action Diffusion7 Mar
Other references · 12
- 2015Distilling the Knowledge in a Neural Networkcited by 10,076
- 2025Wan: Open and Advanced Large-Scale Video Generative Modelscited by 2,536
- 2025RoboTwin 2.0: A Scalable Data Generator and Benchmark with Strong Domain Randomization for Robust Bimanual Robotic Manipulationcited by 477
- 2026Cosmos Policy: Fine-Tuning Video Models for Visuomotor Control and Planningcited by 274
- 2024Consistency Policy: Accelerated Visuomotor Policies via Consistency Distillationcited by 159
- 2026A Pragmatic VLA Foundation Modelcited by 97
- 2026ABot-M0: VLA Foundation Model for Robotic Manipulation with Action Manifold Learningcited by 94
- 2026StarVLA-α: Reducing Complexity in Vision-Language-Action Systemscited by 27
- 2025Efficient Vision-Language-Action Models for Embodied Manipulation: A Systematic Surveycited by 25
- 2026DySL-VLA: Efficient Vision-Language-Action Model Inference via Dynamic-Static Layer-Skipping for Robot Manipulationcited by 8
- 2025Token Expand-Merge: Training-Free Token Compression for Vision-Language-Action Modelscited by 6
- 2026LABSHIELD: A Multimodal Benchmark for Safety-Critical Reasoning and Planning in Scientific Laboratoriescited by 3
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2026: 17.
17 papers.
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- 2026Faster-WAM: Efficient Inference-Time Future Conditioning for Robust World Action Modelscited by 14
- 2026Faster-WAM: Do World Action Models Need Deep Action Modules?cited by 9
- 2026Test-Time Scaling for World Action Models via Zero-Shot Geometric Evaluationcited by 6
- 2026Data Pyramid for Embodied Manipulation: A Surveycited by 4
- 2026DynamicWAM: Dual-Path Motion Conditioning for World-Action Models in Dynamic Manipulationcited by 3
- 2026N0-TWAM: Scaling Tactile-Native World-Action Model for Contact-Rich Manipulationcited by 2
- 2026DC-WAM: Dynamic-Centric Visual Supervision and Reasoning for World-Action Modelscited by 2
- 2026Vid2WAM: Distilling Video Diffusion Priors into World Action Modelscited by 1
- 2026DELE-w0.5: Inferring Action from Future Latent State for Robotic Manipulationcited by 1
- 2026GlanceWAM: Sparse Test-Time Imagination for World-Action Modelscited by 1
- 2026Rolling-WAM: World Action Models with Rolling Imaginationcited by 1
- 2026MoWAM: Explicit Future Motion Prediction for Efficient World Action Modelscited by 0
5 more
- 2026Streaming-WAM: Action-Conditioned World-Action Model for Asynchronous Robot Manipulationcited by 0
- 2026Dynamic Manipulation with World-Action Models via Counterfactual Planningcited by 0
- 2026What Makes World Action Models Generalize? An Empirical Study of Test-Time Future Modelingcited by 0
- 2026Sparse-WAM: Accelerating World Action Models via Action-Guided Sparse Imaginationcited by 0
- 2026WAM-Cache: Staleness-Bounded KV Reuse for Efficient World Action Modelscited by 0
- 2026WAM-Cache: Staleness-Bounded KV Reuse for Efficient World Action Models8 Oct 2026
- 2026Sparse-WAM: Accelerating World Action Models via Action-Guided Sparse Imagination30 Sep 2026
- 2026What Makes World Action Models Generalize? An Empirical Study of Test-Time Future Modeling28 Sep 2026
- 2026Dynamic Manipulation with World-Action Models via Counterfactual Planning27 Sep 2026
- 2026Rolling-WAM: World Action Models with Rolling Imagination24 Sep 2026
- 2026Streaming-WAM: Action-Conditioned World-Action Model for Asynchronous Robot Manipulation24 Sep 2026
- 2026MoWAM: Explicit Future Motion Prediction for Efficient World Action Models17 Sep 2026
- 2026GlanceWAM: Sparse Test-Time Imagination for World-Action Models25 Aug 2026
- 2026DELE-w0.5: Inferring Action from Future Latent State for Robotic Manipulation22 Aug 2026
- 2026Vid2WAM: Distilling Video Diffusion Priors into World Action Models9 Aug 2026
- 2026Faster-WAM: Efficient Inference-Time Future Conditioning for Robust World Action Models5 Aug 2026
- 2026Faster-WAM: Do World Action Models Need Deep Action Modules?3 Aug 2026
5 more
- 2026DynamicWAM: Dual-Path Motion Conditioning for World-Action Models in Dynamic Manipulation1 Aug 2026
- 2026DC-WAM: Dynamic-Centric Visual Supervision and Reasoning for World-Action Models28 Jul 2026
- 2026Data Pyramid for Embodied Manipulation: A Survey27 Jul 2026
- 2026N0-TWAM: Scaling Tactile-Native World-Action Model for Contact-Rich Manipulation26 Jul 2026
- 2026Test-Time Scaling for World Action Models via Zero-Shot Geometric Evaluation20 Jul 2026
- 2026Faster-WAM: Efficient Inference-Time Future Conditioning for Robust World Action Modelscited by 14
- 2026Faster-WAM: Do World Action Models Need Deep Action Modules?cited by 9
- 2026Test-Time Scaling for World Action Models via Zero-Shot Geometric Evaluationcited by 6
- 2026DynamicWAM: Dual-Path Motion Conditioning for World-Action Models in Dynamic Manipulationcited by 3
- 2026N0-TWAM: Scaling Tactile-Native World-Action Model for Contact-Rich Manipulationcited by 2
- 2026DC-WAM: Dynamic-Centric Visual Supervision and Reasoning for World-Action Modelscited by 2
- 2026Vid2WAM: Distilling Video Diffusion Priors into World Action Modelscited by 1
- 2026DELE-w0.5: Inferring Action from Future Latent State for Robotic Manipulationcited by 1
- 2026GlanceWAM: Sparse Test-Time Imagination for World-Action Modelscited by 1
- 2026Rolling-WAM: World Action Models with Rolling Imaginationcited by 1
- 2026MoWAM: Explicit Future Motion Prediction for Efficient World Action Modelscited by 0
- 2026Streaming-WAM: Action-Conditioned World-Action Model for Asynchronous Robot Manipulationcited by 0
12 most cited of 15 All 15 (JSON)
- 2026Sparse-WAM: Accelerating World Action Models via Action-Guided Sparse Imagination30 Sep 2026
- 2026What Makes World Action Models Generalize? An Empirical Study of Test-Time Future Modeling28 Sep 2026
- 2026Dynamic Manipulation with World-Action Models via Counterfactual Planning27 Sep 2026
- 2026Rolling-WAM: World Action Models with Rolling Imagination24 Sep 2026
- 2026Streaming-WAM: Action-Conditioned World-Action Model for Asynchronous Robot Manipulation24 Sep 2026
- 2026MoWAM: Explicit Future Motion Prediction for Efficient World Action Models17 Sep 2026
- 2026GlanceWAM: Sparse Test-Time Imagination for World-Action Models25 Aug 2026
- 2026DELE-w0.5: Inferring Action from Future Latent State for Robotic Manipulation22 Aug 2026
- 2026Vid2WAM: Distilling Video Diffusion Priors into World Action Models9 Aug 2026
- 2026Faster-WAM: Efficient Inference-Time Future Conditioning for Robust World Action Models5 Aug 2026
- 2026Faster-WAM: Do World Action Models Need Deep Action Modules?3 Aug 2026
- 2026DynamicWAM: Dual-Path Motion Conditioning for World-Action Models in Dynamic Manipulation1 Aug 2026
12 newest of 15 All 15 (JSON)
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2026Latent Action as Intention Enables Efficient Future Imagination for World Action Models
- 2026Foresight Without Seeing: Latent Futures for World Action Models
- 2026τ0-WM: A Unified Video-Action World Model for Robotic Manipulation
- 2026World Action Modeling with Progressive Visual Planning
- 2026DualWAM: Dual-System World Action Models for Asynchronous Global Planning and Local Refinement
- 2026When to Trust Imagination: Adaptive Action Execution for World Action Models
- 2026ImageWAM: Do World Action Models Really Need Video Generation, or Just Image Editing?
- 2026CtrlWAM: Controllable World Action Models with Aligned Intent and Foresight