Do Multi-Agents Dream of Electric Screens? Achieving Perfect Accuracy on AndroidWorld Through Task Decomposition
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
We present Minitap, a multi-agent system that achieves 100% success on the AndroidWorld benchmark, the first to fully solve all 116 tasks and surpassing human performance (80%). We first analyze why single-agent architectures fail: context pollution from mixed reasoning traces, silent text input failures undetected by the agent, and repetitive action loops without escape. Minitap addresses each failure through targeted mechanisms: cognitive separation across six specialized agents, deterministic post-validation of text input against device state, and meta-cognitive reasoning that detects cycles and triggers strategy changes. Ablations show multi-agent decomposition contributes +21 points over single-agent baselines; verified execution adds +7 points; meta-cognition adds +9 points. We release Minitap as open-source software. https://github.com/minitap-ai/mobile-use
Key facts. Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 44 of its 61 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 8 Feb 2026.
Builds on
44 of 61 references.
References · 44
- 2022ReAct: Synergizing Reasoning and Acting in Language Modelscited by 8,355
- 2025Qwen2.5-VL Technical Reportcited by 5,418
- 2023WebArena: A Realistic Web Environment for Building Autonomous Agentscited by 1,908
- 2023Mind2Web: Towards a Generalist Agent for the Webcited by 1,210
- 2022WebShop: Towards Scalable Real-World Web Interaction with Grounded Language Agentscited by 1,197
- 2023CogAgent: A Visual Language Model for GUI Agentscited by 692
- 2025UI-TARS: Pioneering Automated GUI Interaction with Native Agentscited by 584
- 2024AndroidWorld: A Dynamic Benchmarking Environment for Autonomous Agentscited by 450
- 2025Group-in-Group Policy Optimization for LLM Agent Trainingcited by 442
- 2023Cognitive Architectures for Language Agentscited by 422
- 2023AppAgent: Multimodal Agents as Smartphone Userscited by 407
- 2023Language Models can Solve Computer Taskscited by 371
32 more
- 2024OS-ATLAS: A Foundation Action Model for Generalist GUI Agentscited by 370
- 2025Seed1.5-VL Technical Reportcited by 367
- 2023Android in the Wild: A Large-Scale Dataset for Android Device Controlcited by 314
- 2024Mobile-Agent: Autonomous Multi-Modal Mobile Device Agent with Visual Perceptioncited by 283
- 2024DigiRL: Training In-The-Wild Device-Control Agents with Autonomous Reinforcement Learningcited by 210
- 2024OS-Copilot: Towards Generalist Computer Agents with Self-Improvementcited by 203
- 2024Mobile-Agent-v2: Mobile Device Operation Assistant with Effective Navigation via Multi-Agent Collaborationcited by 187
- 2024Agent S: An Open Agentic Framework that Uses Computers Like a Humancited by 182
- 2020Mapping Natural Language Instructions to Mobile UI Action Sequencescited by 180
- 2024Android in the Zoo: Chain-of-Action-Thought for GUI Agentscited by 156
- 2024UFO: A UI-Focused Agent for Windows OS Interactioncited by 147
- 2025InfiGUI-R1: Advancing Multimodal GUI Agents from Reactive Actors to Deliberative Reasonerscited by 140
- 2024GUI Agents with Foundation Models: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 110
- 2024AutoGLM: Autonomous Foundation Agents for GUIscited by 96
- 2025UI-Venus Technical Report: Building High-performance UI Agents with RFTcited by 90
- 2022A data-driven approach for learning to control computerscited by 87
- 2025ARPO:End-to-End Policy Optimization for GUI Agents with Experience Replaycited by 75
- 2024MobileAgentBench: An Efficient and User-Friendly Benchmark for Mobile LLM Agentscited by 63
- 2024Ferret-UI 2: Mastering Universal User Interface Understanding Across Platformscited by 51
- 2025MobileGUI-RL: Advancing Mobile GUI Agent through Reinforcement Learning in Online Environmentcited by 51
- 2025AppAgentX: Evolving GUI Agents as Proficient Smartphone Userscited by 44
- 2025ZeroGUI: Automating Online GUI Learning at Zero Human Costcited by 44
- 2024Foundations and Recent Trends in Multimodal Mobile Agents: A Surveycited by 31
- 2024AutoDroid-V2: Boosting SLM-based GUI Agents via Code Generationcited by 31
- 2025LLM-Powered GUI Agents in Phone Automation: Surveying Progress and Prospectscited by 31
- 2021Mobile App Tasks with Iterative Feedback (MoTIF): Addressing Task Feasibility in Interactive Visual Environmentscited by 28
- 2022UGIF: UI Grounded Instruction Followingcited by 25
- 2025A3: Android Agent Arena for Mobile GUI Agents with Essential-State Procedural Evaluationcited by 17
- 2025LLM-Explorer: Towards Efficient and Affordable LLM-based Exploration for Mobile Appscited by 8
- 2025Advancing Autonomous VLM Agents via Variational Subgoal-Conditioned Reinforcement Learningcited by 4
- 2025Agent-Initiated Interaction in Phone UI Automationcited by 4
- 2025Building a Stable Planner: An Extended Finite State Machine Based Planning Module for Mobile GUI Agentcited by 4
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2026: 2.
2 papers.
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2025MobileUse: A GUI Agent with Hierarchical Reflection for Autonomous Mobile Operation
- 2024Benchmarking Mobile Device Control Agents across Diverse Configurations
- 2025Agent-SAMA: State-Aware Mobile Assistant
- 2026OpenMobile: Building Open Mobile Agents with Task and Trajectory Synthesis
- 2024SPA-Bench: A Comprehensive Benchmark for SmartPhone Agent Evaluation
- 2026Benchmarking General Mobile Assistants in Challenging Real-World Scenarios
- 2026PalmClaw: A Native On-Device Agent Framework for Mobile Phones
- 2026Same Tasks, Different Apps: Why Mobile GUI Agents Fail to Generalize?