MoE3D: A Mixture-of-Experts Module for 3D Reconstruction
On the map: Mixture-of-experts → Vision mixture-of-experts
Abstract (arXiv)
We propose a simple yet effective approach to enhance the performance of feed-forward 3D reconstruction models. Existing methods often struggle near depth discontinuities, where standard regression losses encourage spatial averaging and thus blur sharp boundaries. To address this issue, we introduce a mixture-of-experts formulation that handles uncertainty at depth boundaries by combining multiple smooth depth predictions. A softmax weighting head dynamically selects among these hypotheses on a per-pixel basis. By integrating our mixture model into a pre-trained state-of-the-art 3D model, we achieve a substantial reduction of boundary artifacts and gains in overall reconstruction accuracy. Notably, our approach is highly compute efficient, delivering generalizable improvements even when fine-tuned on a small subset of training data while incurring only negligible additional inference computation, suggesting a promising direction for lightweight and accurate 3D reconstruction.
Key facts. Cited by 4 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Vision mixture-of-experts, one of 12 directions in Mixture-of-experts. Builds on 32 of its 61 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 8 Jan 2026.
Builds on
32 of 61 references.
Closest ancestors · 1
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Other references · 31
- 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 51,809
- 2021Switch Transformers: Scaling to Trillion Parameter Models with Simple and Efficient Sparsitycited by 3,014
- 2021Vision Transformers for Dense Predictioncited by 1,789
- 2020GShard: Scaling Giant Models with Conditional Computation and Automatic Shardingcited by 1,601
- 2023DUSt3R: Geometric 3D Vision Made Easycited by 1,526
- 2025VGGT: Visual Geometry Grounded Transformercited by 1,475
- 2024Depth Anything V2cited by 1,385
- 2024Depth Anything: Unleashing the Power of Large-Scale Unlabeled Datacited by 1,346
- 2024Grounding Image Matching in 3D with MASt3Rcited by 960
- 2021GLaM: Efficient Scaling of Language Models with Mixture-of-Expertscited by 890
- 2018MVSNet: Depth Inference for Unstructured Multi-view Stereocited by 780
- 2023Scaling Vision Transformers to 22 Billion Parameterscited by 690
19 more
- 2020Hypersim: A Photorealistic Synthetic Dataset for Holistic Indoor Scene Understandingcited by 593
- 2025Continuous 3D Perception Model with Persistent Statecited by 527
- 2024MonST3R: A Simple Approach for Estimating Geometry in the Presence of Motioncited by 431
- 2022DeepSpeed-MoE: Advancing Mixture-of-Experts Inference and Training to Power Next-Generation AI Scalecited by 400
- 2024Depth Pro: Sharp Monocular Metric Depth in Less Than a Secondcited by 395
- 2025Fast3R: Towards 3D Reconstruction of 1000+ Images in One Forward Passcited by 356
- 2019Dynamic Convolution: Attention over Convolution Kernelscited by 355
- 2024MoGe: Unlocking Accurate Monocular Geometry Estimation for Open-Domain Images with Optimal Training Supervisioncited by 290
- 20243D Reconstruction with Spatial Memorycited by 269
- 2025MoGe-2: Accurate Monocular Geometry with Metric Scale and Sharp Detailscited by 250
- 2019ReFusion: 3D Reconstruction in Dynamic Environments for RGB-D Cameras Exploiting Residualscited by 180
- 2024Lotus: Diffusion-based Visual Foundation Model for High-quality Dense Predictioncited by 163
- 2021SMD-Nets: Stereo Mixture Density Networkscited by 118
- 2025Marigold: Affordable Adaptation of Diffusion-Based Image Generators for Image Analysiscited by 78
- 2025STream3R: Scalable Sequential 3D Reconstruction with Causal Transformercited by 76
- 2025Pixel-Perfect Depth with Semantics-Prompted Diffusion Transformerscited by 47
- 2018Peeking Behind Objects: Layered Depth Prediction from a Single Imagecited by 23
- 2024Neural Graph Map: Dense Mapping with Efficient Loop Closure Integrationcited by 3
- 2025Towards Sharper Object Boundaries in Self-Supervised Depth Estimationcited by 1
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2026: 4.
4 papers.
- 2026VGGT-Omegacited by 20
- 2026Modeling Depth Ambiguity: A Mixture-Density Representation for Flying-Point-Free Depth Estimationcited by 1
- 2026Good Token Hunting: A Hitchhiker's Guide to Token Selection for Visual Geometry Transformerscited by 0
- 2026Scal3R: Learning Efficient Multi-Relative Pose Query for Scalable Online 3D Reconstructioncited by 0
- 2026Scal3R: Learning Efficient Multi-Relative Pose Query for Scalable Online 3D Reconstruction3 Sep 2026
- 2026Modeling Depth Ambiguity: A Mixture-Density Representation for Flying-Point-Free Depth Estimation1 Jun 2026
- 2026Good Token Hunting: A Hitchhiker's Guide to Token Selection for Visual Geometry Transformers22 May 2026
- 2026VGGT-Omega14 May 2026
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2025MoRE: 3D Visual Geometry Reconstruction Meets Mixture-of-Experts
- 2025MoE3D: Mixture of Experts meets Multi-Modal 3D Understanding
- 2025GeoMoE: Divide-and-Conquer Motion Field Modeling with Mixture-of-Experts for Two-View Geometry
- 2024Part123: Part-aware 3D Reconstruction from a Single-view Image
- 2026On the Design of Mixture-of-Experts for Dynamic Gaussian Splatting
- 2025Uni3D-MoE: Scalable Multimodal 3D Scene Understanding via Mixture of Experts
- 2025MoE-GS: Mixture of Experts for Dynamic Gaussian Splatting
- 2025Point-MoE: Large-Scale Multi-Dataset Training with Mixture-of-Experts for 3D Semantic Segmentation