mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Multi-Modal Soccer Scene Analysis with Masked Pre-Training

arXiv 2512.19528 ↗First posted 22 Dec 2025cs.CVcited by 1

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Abstract (arXiv)

In this work we propose a multi-modal architecture for analyzing soccer scenes from tactical camera footage, with a focus on three core tasks: ball trajectory inference, ball state classification, and ball possessor identification. To this end, our solution integrates three distinct input modalities (player trajectories, player types and image crops of individual players) into a unified framework that processes spatial and temporal dynamics using a cascade of sociotemporal transformer blocks. Unlike prior methods, which rely heavily on accurate ball tracking or handcrafted heuristics, our approach infers the ball trajectory without direct access to its past or future positions, and robustly identifies the ball state and ball possessor under noisy or occluded conditions from real top league matches. We also introduce CropDrop, a modality-specific masking pre-training strategy that prevents over-reliance on image features and encourages the model to rely on cross-modal patterns during pre-training. We show the effectiveness of our approach on a large-scale dataset providing substantial improvements over state-of-the-art baselines in all tasks. Our results highlight the benefits of combining structured and visual cues in a transformer-based architecture, and the importance of realistic masking strategies in multi-modal learning.

Key facts. Cited by 1 paper in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 43 of its 61 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 22 Dec 2025.

Builds on

43 of 61 references.

References · 43

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31 more
  1. 2022Should You Mask 15% in Masked Language Modeling?cited by 118
  2. 2022SoccerNet-Tracking: Multiple Object Tracking Dataset and Benchmark in Soccer Videoscited by 80
  3. 2019NAOMI: Non-Autoregressive Multiresolution Sequence Imputationcited by 59
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  6. 2023TacticAI: an AI assistant for football tacticscited by 44
  7. 2021Camera Calibration and Player Localization in SoccerNet-v2 and Investigation of their Representations for Action Spottingcited by 43
  8. 2024MatchTime: Towards Automatic Soccer Game Commentary Generationcited by 37
  9. 2024SoccerNet Game State Reconstruction: End-to-End Athlete Tracking and Identification on a Minimapcited by 34
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  11. 2024Towards Universal Soccer Video Understandingcited by 21
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  13. 2025Multi-Agent System for Comprehensive Soccer Understandingcited by 18
  14. 2020Group Activity Detection from Trajectory and Video Data in Soccercited by 17
  15. 2022Learning Better Masking for Better Language Model Pre-trainingcited by 15
  16. 2025Unified Uncertainty-Aware Diffusion for Multi-Agent Trajectory Modelingcited by 15
  17. 2023Towards Active Learning for Action Spotting in Association Football Videoscited by 14
  18. 2024PnLCalib: Sports Field Registration via Points and Lines Optimizationcited by 14
  19. 2023Ball Trajectory Inference from Multi-Agent Sports Contexts Using Set Transformer and Hierarchical Bi-LSTMcited by 12
  20. 2019DeepBall: Deep Neural-Network Ball Detectorcited by 11
  21. 2024TranSPORTmer: A Holistic Approach to Trajectory Understanding in Multi-Agent Sportscited by 11
  22. 2022Automatic event detection in football using tracking datacited by 10
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  24. 2024FootBots: A Transformer-based Architecture for Motion Prediction in Soccercited by 8
  25. 2021Time-series Imputation of Temporally-occluded Multiagent Trajectoriescited by 7
  26. 2020Automatic Pass Annotation from Soccer VideoStreams Based on Object Detection and LSTMcited by 6
  27. 2025Game State and Spatio-temporal Action Detection in Soccer using Graph Neural Networks and 3D Convolutional Networkscited by 6
  28. 2020PassVizor: Toward Better Understanding of the Dynamics of Soccer Passescited by 4
  29. 2025SoccerNet-v3D: Leveraging Sports Broadcast Replays for 3D Scene Understandingcited by 4
  30. 2024Trajectory Imputation in Multi-Agent Sports with Derivative-Accumulating Self-Ensemblecited by 3
  31. 2025ExLM: Rethinking the Impact of [MASK] Tokens in Masked Language Modelscited by 2

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