Flash-DMD: Towards High-Fidelity Few-Step Image Generation with Efficient Distillation and Joint Reinforcement Learning
On the map: Diffusion models → Diffusion foundations and sampling
Abstract (arXiv)
Diffusion Models have emerged as a leading class of generative models, yet their iterative sampling process remains computationally expensive. Timestep distillation is a promising technique to accelerate generation, but it often requires extensive training and leads to image quality degradation. Furthermore, fine-tuning these distilled models for specific objectives, such as aesthetic appeal or user preference, using Reinforcement Learning (RL) is notoriously unstable and easily falls into reward hacking. In this work, we introduce Flash-DMD, a novel framework that enables fast convergence with distillation and joint RL-based refinement. Specifically, we first propose an efficient timestep-aware distillation strategy that significantly reduces training cost with enhanced realism, outperforming DMD2 with only 2.1% its training cost. Second, we introduce a joint training scheme where the model is fine-tuned with an RL objective while the timestep distillation training continues simultaneously. We demonstrate that the stable, well-defined loss from the ongoing distillation acts as a powerful regularizer, effectively stabilizing the RL training process and preventing policy collapse. Extensive experiments on score-based and flow matching models show that our proposed Flash-DMD not only converges significantly faster but also achieves state-of-the-art generation quality in the few-step sampling regime, outperforming existing methods in visual quality, human preference, and text-image alignment metrics. Our work presents an effective paradigm for training efficient, high-fidelity, and stable generative models. Codes are coming soon.
Key facts. Cited by 17 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Diffusion foundations and sampling, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 49 of its 58 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 25 Nov 2025.
Builds on
49 of 58 references.
Closest ancestors · 22
Same direction, newest first
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- 2023SDXL: Improving Latent Diffusion Models for High-Resolution Image Synthesis4 Jul
- 2023Unifying GANs and Score-Based Diffusion as Generative Particle Models25 May
- 2022Scalable Diffusion Models with Transformers19 Dec
- 2022On Distillation of Guided Diffusion Models6 Oct
- 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Models20 Dec
- 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models19 Jun
Other references · 27
- 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,456
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- 2014Microsoft COCO: Common Objects in Contextcited by 17,498
- 2023Segment Anythingcited by 8,158
- 2025Qwen2.5-VL Technical Reportcited by 5,418
- 2022BLIP: Bootstrapping Language-Image Pre-training for Unified Vision-Language Understanding and Generationcited by 4,310
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- 2021Transformers in Vision: A Surveycited by 1,009
- 2023Pick-a-Pic: An Open Dataset of User Preferences for Text-to-Image Generationcited by 950
- 2023Human Preference Score v2: A Solid Benchmark for Evaluating Human Preferences of Text-to-Image Synthesiscited by 847
- 2023Diffusion Model Alignment Using Direct Preference Optimizationcited by 767
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- 2025Flow-GRPO: Training Flow Matching Models via Online RLcited by 605
- 2025DanceGRPO: Unleashing GRPO on Visual Generationcited by 388
- 2025A Survey of Reinforcement Learning for Large Reasoning Modelscited by 175
- 2025MixGRPO: Unlocking Flow-based GRPO Efficiency with Mixed ODE-SDEcited by 168
- 2023Text-to-3D with Classifier Score Distillationcited by 127
- 2023SwiftBrush: One-Step Text-to-Image Diffusion Model with Variational Score Distillationcited by 109
- 2024Learning Multi-dimensional Human Preference for Text-to-Image Generationcited by 102
- 2025TempFlow-GRPO: When Timing Matters for GRPO in Flow Modelscited by 93
- 2025Pref-GRPO: Pairwise Preference Reward-based GRPO for Stable Text-to-Image Reinforcement Learningcited by 88
- 2024Aesthetic Post-Training Diffusion Models from Generic Preferences with Step-by-step Preference Optimizationcited by 81
- 2025Calibrated Multi-Preference Optimization for Aligning Diffusion Modelscited by 40
- 2025Diffusion Model as a Noise-Aware Latent Reward Model for Step-Level Preference Optimizationcited by 35
- 2024NitroFusion: High-Fidelity Single-Step Diffusion through Dynamic Adversarial Trainingcited by 16
- 2025Phased One-Step Adversarial Equilibrium for Video Diffusion Modelscited by 7
- 2025Inversion-DPO: Precise and Efficient Post-Training for Diffusion Modelscited by 6
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Citing papers per year: 2025: 1; 2026: 16.
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