mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Let's Play Across Cultures: A Large Multilingual, Multicultural Benchmark for Assessing Language Models' Understanding of Sports

arXiv 2510.01247 ↗First posted 24 Sep 2025cs.CL cs.AIcited by 3

Not on the map. Why?

Abstract (arXiv)

Language Models (LMs) are primarily evaluated on globally popular sports, often overlooking regional and indigenous sporting traditions. To address this gap, we introduce textbftextitCultSportQA, a benchmark designed to assess LMs' understanding of traditional sports across 60 countries and 6 continents, encompassing four distinct cultural categories. The dataset features 33,000 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) across text and image modalities, each of which is categorized into three key types: history-based, rule-based, and scenario-based. To evaluate model performance, we employ zero-shot, few-shot, and chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting across a diverse set of Large Language Models (LLMs), Small Language Models (SLMs), and Multimodal Large Language Models (MLMs). By providing a comprehensive multilingual and multicultural sports benchmark, textbftextitCultSportQA establishes a new standard for assessing AI's ability to understand and reason about traditional sports.

Key facts. Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 33 of its 62 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 24 Sep 2025.

Builds on

33 of 62 references.

References · 33

  1. 2018BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understandingcited by 40,204
  2. 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,199
  3. 2022Training language models to follow instructions with human feedbackcited by 15,712
  4. 2024The Llama 3 Herd of Modelscited by 14,192
  5. 2023LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Modelscited by 13,958
  6. 2019BART: Denoising Sequence-to-Sequence Pre-training for Natural Language Generation, Translation, and Comprehensioncited by 5,874
  7. 2023Qwen Technical Reportcited by 3,273
  8. 2019BoolQ: Exploring the Surprising Difficulty of Natural Yes/No Questionscited by 2,140
  9. 2024Phi-3 Technical Report: A Highly Capable Language Model Locally on Your Phonecited by 1,883
  10. 2020Language (Technology) is Power: A Critical Survey of "Bias" in NLPcited by 951
  11. 2024PaliGemma: A versatile 3B VLM for transfercited by 679
  12. 2023Towards Measuring the Representation of Subjective Global Opinions in Language Modelscited by 424
21 more
  1. 2017Style Transfer from Non-Parallel Text by Cross-Alignmentcited by 246
  2. 2021Visually Grounded Reasoning across Languages and Culturescited by 188
  3. 2024CVQA: Culturally-diverse Multilingual Visual Question Answering Benchmarkcited by 118
  4. 2023Cultural Alignment in Large Language Models: An Explanatory Analysis Based on Hofstede's Cultural Dimensionscited by 111
  5. 2022The Ghost in the Machine has an American accent: value conflict in GPT-3cited by 105
  6. 2024Benchmarking Vision Language Models for Cultural Understandingcited by 100
  7. 2015Are You Talking to a Machine? Dataset and Methods for Multilingual Image Question Answeringcited by 80
  8. 2023X-InstructBLIP: A Framework for aligning X-Modal instruction-aware representations to LLMs and Emergent Cross-modal Reasoningcited by 78
  9. 2021xGQA: Cross-Lingual Visual Question Answeringcited by 72
  10. 2024CULTURE-GEN: Revealing Global Cultural Perception in Language Models through Natural Language Promptingcited by 55
  11. 2024All Languages Matter: Evaluating LMMs on Culturally Diverse 100 Languagescited by 55
  12. 2023Multi-lingual and Multi-cultural Figurative Language Understandingcited by 47
  13. 2023CLIPSyntel: CLIP and LLM Synergy for Multimodal Question Summarization in Healthcarecited by 43
  14. 2023mBLIP: Efficient Bootstrapping of Multilingual Vision-LLMscited by 41
  15. 2024Sports-QA: A Large-Scale Video Question Answering Benchmark for Complex and Professional Sportscited by 41
  16. 2024WorldCuisines: A Massive-Scale Benchmark for Multilingual and Multicultural Visual Question Answering on Global Cuisinescited by 39
  17. 2024FoodieQA: A Multimodal Dataset for Fine-Grained Understanding of Chinese Food Culturecited by 25
  18. 2024DOSA: A Dataset of Social Artifacts from Different Indian Geographical Subculturescited by 23
  19. 2022A Survey on Medical Document Summarizationcited by 14
  20. 2020Combining Machine Learning and Human Experts to Predict Match Outcomes in Football: A Baseline Modelcited by 8
  21. 2025Relic: Enhancing Reward Model Generalization for Low-Resource Indic Languages with Few-Shot Examplescited by 6

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 1; 2026: 2.

3 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2024SportQA: A Benchmark for Sports Understanding in Large Language Models
  2. 2024SPORTU: A Comprehensive Sports Understanding Benchmark for Multimodal Large Language Models
  3. 2024Sports Intelligence: Assessing the Sports Understanding Capabilities of Language Models through Question Answering from Text to Video
  4. 2025SportR: A Benchmark for Multimodal Large Language Model Reasoning in Sports
  5. 2025TennisTV: Do Multimodal Large Language Models Understand Tennis Rallies?
  6. 2025MMA-ASIA: A Multilingual and Multimodal Alignment Framework for Culturally-Grounded Evaluation
  7. 2025CultureVLM: Characterizing and Improving Cultural Understanding of Vision-Language Models for over 100 Countries
  8. 2025Grounding Multilingual Multimodal LLMs With Cultural Knowledge