SportQA: A Benchmark for Sports Understanding in Large Language Models
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Abstract (arXiv)
A deep understanding of sports, a field rich in strategic and dynamic content, is crucial for advancing Natural Language Processing (NLP). This holds particular significance in the context of evaluating and advancing Large Language Models (LLMs), given the existing gap in specialized benchmarks. To bridge this gap, we introduce SportQA, a novel benchmark specifically designed for evaluating LLMs in the context of sports understanding. SportQA encompasses over 70,000 multiple-choice questions across three distinct difficulty levels, each targeting different aspects of sports knowledge from basic historical facts to intricate, scenario-based reasoning tasks. We conducted a thorough evaluation of prevalent LLMs, mainly utilizing few-shot learning paradigms supplemented by chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting. Our results reveal that while LLMs exhibit competent performance in basic sports knowledge, they struggle with more complex, scenario-based sports reasoning, lagging behind human expertise. The introduction of SportQA marks a significant step forward in NLP, offering a tool for assessing and enhancing sports understanding in LLMs.
Key facts. Cited by 15 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 24 of its 38 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 24 Feb 2024.
Builds on
24 of 38 references.
References · 24
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Citing papers per year: 2024: 4; 2025: 9; 2026: 2.
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- 2025BIG-Bench Extra Hardcited by 125
- 2024SPORTU: A Comprehensive Sports Understanding Benchmark for Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 24
- 2024Towards Universal Soccer Video Understandingcited by 21
- 2024RUPBench: Benchmarking Reasoning Under Perturbations for Robustness Evaluation in Large Language Modelscited by 13
- 2025SoccerMaster: A Vision Foundation Model for Soccer Understandingcited by 10
- 2025Domain Adaptation of VLM for Soccer Video Understandingcited by 7
- 2025FSBench: A Figure Skating Benchmark for Advancing Artistic Sports Understandingcited by 6
- 2025Towards Evaluating Proactive Risk Awareness of Multimodal Language Modelscited by 6
- 2025DeepSport: A Multimodal Large Language Model for Comprehensive Sports Video Reasoning via Agentic Reinforcement Learningcited by 5
- 2025SV3.3B: A Sports Video Understanding Model for Action Recognitioncited by 3
- 2025TennisTV: Do Multimodal Large Language Models Understand Tennis Rallies?cited by 3
- 2026Stepping VLMs onto the Court: Benchmarking Spatial Intelligence in Sportscited by 2
3 more
- 2024AI for Handball: predicting and explaining the 2024 Olympic Games tournament with Deep Learning and Large Language Modelscited by 1
- 2026Towards Temporal Compositional Reasoning in Long-Form Sports Videoscited by 1
- 2025Evaluating point-light biological motion in multimodal large language modelscited by 0
- 2026Towards Temporal Compositional Reasoning in Long-Form Sports Videos24 Apr 2026
- 2026Stepping VLMs onto the Court: Benchmarking Spatial Intelligence in Sports10 Mar 2026
- 2025SoccerMaster: A Vision Foundation Model for Soccer Understanding11 Dec 2025
- 2025DeepSport: A Multimodal Large Language Model for Comprehensive Sports Video Reasoning via Agentic Reinforcement Learning17 Nov 2025
- 2025Evaluating point-light biological motion in multimodal large language models27 Sep 2025
- 2025TennisTV: Do Multimodal Large Language Models Understand Tennis Rallies?19 Sep 2025
- 2025SV3.3B: A Sports Video Understanding Model for Action Recognition23 Jul 2025
- 2025Towards Evaluating Proactive Risk Awareness of Multimodal Language Models23 May 2025
- 2025Domain Adaptation of VLM for Soccer Video Understanding20 May 2025
- 2025FSBench: A Figure Skating Benchmark for Advancing Artistic Sports Understanding28 Apr 2025
- 2025BIG-Bench Extra Hard26 Feb 2025
- 2024Towards Universal Soccer Video Understanding2 Dec 2024
3 more
- 2024SPORTU: A Comprehensive Sports Understanding Benchmark for Multimodal Large Language Models11 Oct 2024
- 2024AI for Handball: predicting and explaining the 2024 Olympic Games tournament with Deep Learning and Large Language Models22 Jul 2024
- 2024RUPBench: Benchmarking Reasoning Under Perturbations for Robustness Evaluation in Large Language Models16 Jun 2024
- 2024SPORTU: A Comprehensive Sports Understanding Benchmark for Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 24
- 2025Domain Adaptation of VLM for Soccer Video Understandingcited by 7
- 2025Towards Evaluating Proactive Risk Awareness of Multimodal Language Modelscited by 6
- 2025TennisTV: Do Multimodal Large Language Models Understand Tennis Rallies?cited by 3
- 2025Evaluating point-light biological motion in multimodal large language modelscited by 0
- 2025Evaluating point-light biological motion in multimodal large language models27 Sep 2025
- 2025TennisTV: Do Multimodal Large Language Models Understand Tennis Rallies?19 Sep 2025
- 2025Towards Evaluating Proactive Risk Awareness of Multimodal Language Models23 May 2025
- 2025Domain Adaptation of VLM for Soccer Video Understanding20 May 2025
- 2024SPORTU: A Comprehensive Sports Understanding Benchmark for Multimodal Large Language Models11 Oct 2024
- 2025BIG-Bench Extra Hardcited by 125
- 2024RUPBench: Benchmarking Reasoning Under Perturbations for Robustness Evaluation in Large Language Modelscited by 13
- 2025DeepSport: A Multimodal Large Language Model for Comprehensive Sports Video Reasoning via Agentic Reinforcement Learningcited by 5
- 2026Towards Temporal Compositional Reasoning in Long-Form Sports Videoscited by 1
- 2026Towards Temporal Compositional Reasoning in Long-Form Sports Videos24 Apr 2026
- 2025DeepSport: A Multimodal Large Language Model for Comprehensive Sports Video Reasoning via Agentic Reinforcement Learning17 Nov 2025
- 2025BIG-Bench Extra Hard26 Feb 2025
- 2024RUPBench: Benchmarking Reasoning Under Perturbations for Robustness Evaluation in Large Language Models16 Jun 2024
- 2024Towards Universal Soccer Video Understandingcited by 21
- 2025SoccerMaster: A Vision Foundation Model for Soccer Understandingcited by 10
- 2025FSBench: A Figure Skating Benchmark for Advancing Artistic Sports Understandingcited by 6
- 2025SV3.3B: A Sports Video Understanding Model for Action Recognitioncited by 3
- 2026Stepping VLMs onto the Court: Benchmarking Spatial Intelligence in Sportscited by 2
- 2024AI for Handball: predicting and explaining the 2024 Olympic Games tournament with Deep Learning and Large Language Modelscited by 1
- 2026Stepping VLMs onto the Court: Benchmarking Spatial Intelligence in Sports10 Mar 2026
- 2025SoccerMaster: A Vision Foundation Model for Soccer Understanding11 Dec 2025
- 2025SV3.3B: A Sports Video Understanding Model for Action Recognition23 Jul 2025
- 2025FSBench: A Figure Skating Benchmark for Advancing Artistic Sports Understanding28 Apr 2025
- 2024Towards Universal Soccer Video Understanding2 Dec 2024
- 2024AI for Handball: predicting and explaining the 2024 Olympic Games tournament with Deep Learning and Large Language Models22 Jul 2024
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