It Takes Two: Real-time Co-Speech Two-person's Interaction Generation via Reactive Auto-regressive Diffusion Model
On the map: Diffusion models → Audio, speech and music
Abstract (arXiv)
Conversational scenarios are very common in real-world settings, yet existing co-speech motion synthesis approaches often fall short in these contexts, where one person's audio and gestures will influence the other's responses. Additionally, most existing methods rely on offline sequence-to-sequence frameworks, which are unsuitable for online applications. In this work, we introduce an audio-driven, auto-regressive system designed to synthesize dynamic movements for two characters during a conversation. At the core of our approach is a diffusion-based full-body motion synthesis model, which is conditioned on the past states of both characters, speech audio, and a task-oriented motion trajectory input, allowing for flexible spatial control. To enhance the model's ability to learn diverse interactions, we have enriched existing two-person conversational motion datasets with more dynamic and interactive motions. We evaluate our system through multiple experiments to show it outperforms across a variety of tasks, including single and two-person co-speech motion generation, as well as interactive motion generation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first system capable of generating interactive full-body motions for two characters from speech in an online manner.
Key facts. Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Audio, speech and music, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 4 of its 72 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 3 Dec 2024.
Builds on
4 of 72 references.
References · 4
- 2018BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understandingcited by 40,204
- 2022MotionDiffuse: Text-Driven Human Motion Generation with Diffusion Modelcited by 768
- 2022BEAT: A Large-Scale Semantic and Emotional Multi-Modal Dataset for Conversational Gestures Synthesiscited by 177
- 2023EMDM: Efficient Motion Diffusion Model for Fast and High-Quality Motion Generationcited by 88
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Citing papers per year: 2025: 2.
2 papers.
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2025InteracTalker: Prompt-Based Human-Object Interaction with Co-Speech Gesture Generation
- 2026Super Star: Towards Streaming Real-time Interactive Agents for Digital Humans
- 2024InterAct: Capture and Modelling of Realistic, Expressive and Interactive Activities between Two Persons in Daily Scenarios
- 2026DyaDiT: A Multi-Modal Diffusion Transformer for Socially Favorable Dyadic Gesture Generation
- 2023InterGen: Diffusion-based Multi-human Motion Generation under Complex Interactions
- 2024Co-Speech Gesture Video Generation via Motion-Decoupled Diffusion Model
- 2025Multi-Person Interaction Generation from Two-Person Motion Priors
- 2024DiffSHEG: A Diffusion-Based Approach for Real-Time Speech-driven Holistic 3D Expression and Gesture Generation