The FIX Benchmark: Extracting Features Interpretable to eXperts
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
Feature-based methods are commonly used to explain model predictions, but these methods often implicitly assume that interpretable features are readily available. However, this is often not the case for high-dimensional data, and it can be hard even for domain experts to mathematically specify which features are important. Can we instead automatically extract collections or groups of features that are aligned with expert knowledge? To address this gap, we present FIX (Features Interpretable to eXperts), a benchmark for measuring how well a collection of features aligns with expert knowledge. In collaboration with domain experts, we propose FIXScore, a unified expert alignment measure applicable to diverse real-world settings across cosmology, psychology, and medicine domains in vision, language, and time series data modalities. With FIXScore, we find that popular feature-based explanation methods have poor alignment with expert-specified knowledge, highlighting the need for new methods that can better identify features interpretable to experts.
Key facts. Cited by 5 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 52 of its 106 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 20 Sep 2024.
Builds on
52 of 106 references.
References · 52
- 2020An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scalecited by 29,915
- 2017A Unified Approach to Interpreting Model Predictionscited by 6,488
- 2016"Why Should I Trust You?": Explaining the Predictions of Any Classifiercited by 5,040
- 2017Axiomatic Attribution for Deep Networkscited by 3,350
- 2019Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI): Concepts, Taxonomies, Opportunities and Challenges toward Responsible AIcited by 1,543
- 2017Towards A Rigorous Science of Interpretable Machine Learningcited by 1,400
- 2017ChestX-ray8: Hospital-scale Chest X-ray Database and Benchmarks on Weakly-Supervised Classification and Localization of Common Thorax Diseasescited by 969
- 2022BERTopic: Neural topic modeling with a class-based TF-IDF procedurecited by 779
- 2020Fact or Fiction: Verifying Scientific Claimscited by 546
- 2019ERASER: A Benchmark to Evaluate Rationalized NLP Modelscited by 523
- 2020GoEmotions: A Dataset of Fine-Grained Emotionscited by 479
- 2018A Benchmark for Interpretability Methods in Deep Neural Networkscited by 467
38 more
- 2019A Survey on Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI): Towards Medical XAIcited by 403
- 2020AutoGluon-Tabular: Robust and Accurate AutoML for Structured Datacited by 368
- 2016EndoNet: A Deep Architecture for Recognition Tasks on Laparoscopic Videoscited by 366
- 2018On the Robustness of Interpretability Methodscited by 310
- 2022From Anecdotal Evidence to Quantitative Evaluation Methods: A Systematic Review on Evaluating Explainable AIcited by 299
- 2022CRAFT: Concept Recursive Activation FacTorization for Explainabilitycited by 177
- 2022Quantus: An Explainable AI Toolkit for Responsible Evaluation of Neural Network Explanations and Beyondcited by 171
- 2020Formalizing Trust in Artificial Intelligence: Prerequisites, Causes and Goals of Human Trust in AIcited by 166
- 2021ContractNLI: A Dataset for Document-level Natural Language Inference for Contractscited by 145
- 2021TorchXRayVision: A library of chest X-ray datasets and modelscited by 131
- 2022Toward Transparent AI: A Survey on Interpreting the Inner Structures of Deep Neural Networkscited by 126
- 2020Ground Truth Evaluation of Neural Network Explanations with CLEVR-XAIcited by 125
- 2021Explainable AI (XAI): A Systematic Meta-Survey of Current Challenges and Future Opportunitiescited by 125
- 2022OpenXAI: Towards a Transparent Evaluation of Model Explanationscited by 125
- 2020Interpretable Machine Learning -- A Brief History, State-of-the-Art and Challengescited by 120
- 2013A Computational Approach to Politeness with Application to Social Factorscited by 104
- 2021What I Cannot Predict, I Do Not Understand: A Human-Centered Evaluation Framework for Explainability Methodscited by 98
- 2022Evaluating Explainability for Graph Neural Networkscited by 85
- 2021ILDC for CJPE: Indian Legal Documents Corpus for Court Judgment Prediction and Explanationcited by 78
- 2020Human Factors in Model Interpretability: Industry Practices, Challenges, and Needscited by 73
- 2020How does this interaction affect me? Interpretable attribution for feature interactionscited by 73
- 2019explAIner: A Visual Analytics Framework for Interactive and Explainable Machine Learningcited by 69
- 2021Synthetic Benchmarks for Scientific Research in Explainable Machine Learningcited by 59
- 2023Multilingual Language Models are not Multicultural: A Case Study in Emotioncited by 54
- 2022OpenFE: Automated Feature Generation with Expert-level Performancecited by 52
- 2022Beyond Explaining: Opportunities and Challenges of XAI-Based Model Improvementcited by 48
- 2015Interpretable Classification Models for Recidivism Predictioncited by 44
- 2018Visual Analytics for Explainable Deep Learningcited by 39
- 2016The TUM LapChole dataset for the M2CAI 2016 workflow challengecited by 37
- 2021A Structure-Aware Relation Network for Thoracic Diseases Detection and Segmentationcited by 33
- 2021TS-MULE: Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations for Time Series Forecast Modelscited by 28
- 2024Artificial intelligence to automate the systematic review of scientific literaturecited by 11
- 2024Building Knowledge-Guided Lexica to Model Cultural Variationcited by 11
- 2020Studying Politeness across Cultures Using English Twitter and Mandarin Weibocited by 9
- 2024On Evaluating Explanation Utility for Human-AI Decision Making in NLPcited by 9
- 2018Towards Explainable Deep Learning for Credit Lending: A Case Studycited by 6
- 2023Saliency-Bench: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Evaluating Visual Explanationscited by 6
- 2020On the Granularity of Explanations in Model Agnostic NLP Interpretabilitycited by 3
50 most cited of 52 All 52 (JSON)
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2025: 3; 2026: 2.
5 papers.
- 2025Probabilistic Stability Guarantees for Feature Attributionscited by 9
- 2026Interpretability Can Be Actionablecited by 5
- 2025T-FIX: Text-Based Explanations with Features Interpretable to eXpertscited by 2
- 2025When LRP Diverges from Leave-One-Out in Transformerscited by 0
- 2026Missingness Bias Calibration in Feature Attribution Explanationscited by 0
- 2026Interpretability Can Be Actionable11 May 2026
- 2026Missingness Bias Calibration in Feature Attribution Explanations5 Mar 2026
- 2025T-FIX: Text-Based Explanations with Features Interpretable to eXperts6 Nov 2025
- 2025When LRP Diverges from Leave-One-Out in Transformers21 Oct 2025
- 2025Probabilistic Stability Guarantees for Feature Attributions18 Apr 2025