mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

OpenFE: Automated Feature Generation with Expert-level Performance

arXiv 2211.12507 ↗First posted 22 Nov 2022cs.LGcited by 52

Not on the map. Why?

Abstract (arXiv)

The goal of automated feature generation is to liberate machine learning experts from the laborious task of manual feature generation, which is crucial for improving the learning performance of tabular data. The major challenge in automated feature generation is to efficiently and accurately identify effective features from a vast pool of candidate features. In this paper, we present OpenFE, an automated feature generation tool that provides competitive results against machine learning experts. OpenFE achieves high efficiency and accuracy with two components: 1) a novel feature boosting method for accurately evaluating the incremental performance of candidate features and 2) a two-stage pruning algorithm that performs feature pruning in a coarse-to-fine manner. Extensive experiments on ten benchmark datasets show that OpenFE outperforms existing baseline methods by a large margin. We further evaluate OpenFE in two Kaggle competitions with thousands of data science teams participating. In the two competitions, features generated by OpenFE with a simple baseline model can beat 99.3% and 99.6% data science teams respectively. In addition to the empirical results, we provide a theoretical perspective to show that feature generation can be beneficial in a simple yet representative setting. The code is available at https://github.com/ZhangTP1996/OpenFE.

Key facts. Cited by 52 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 17 of its 56 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 22 Nov 2022.

Builds on

17 of 56 references.

References · 17

  1. 2016XGBoost: A Scalable Tree Boosting Systemcited by 5,120
  2. 2021Revisiting Deep Learning Models for Tabular Datacited by 725
  3. 2019TabNet: Attentive Interpretable Tabular Learningcited by 640
  4. 2021Deep Neural Networks and Tabular Data: A Surveycited by 489
  5. 2020AutoGluon-Tabular: Robust and Accurate AutoML for Structured Datacited by 368
  6. 2020DCN V2: Improved Deep & Cross Network and Practical Lessons for Web-scale Learning to Rank Systemscited by 326
  7. 2018AutoInt: Automatic Feature Interaction Learning via Self-Attentive Neural Networkscited by 319
  8. 2018Consistent Individualized Feature Attribution for Tree Ensemblescited by 279
  9. 2019Neural Oblivious Decision Ensembles for Deep Learning on Tabular Datacited by 200
  10. 2022On Embeddings for Numerical Features in Tabular Deep Learningcited by 185
  11. 2017OpenML Benchmarking Suitescited by 169
  12. 2013Introducing LETOR 4.0 Datasetscited by 120
5 more
  1. 2017Feature Engineering for Predictive Modeling using Reinforcement Learningcited by 78
  2. 2019The autofeat Python Library for Automated Feature Engineering and Selectioncited by 73
  3. 2019AutoCross: Automatic Feature Crossing for Tabular Data in Real-World Applicationscited by 39
  4. 2020SAFE: Scalable Automatic Feature Engineering Framework for Industrial Taskscited by 17
  5. 2020DIFER: Differentiable Automated Feature Engineeringcited by 16

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2024: 10; 2025: 21; 2026: 21.

52 papers.

Sort:

By area:

  1. 2025MLE-STAR: Machine Learning Engineering Agent via Search and Targeted Refinementcited by 52
  2. 2024Optimized Feature Generation for Tabular Data via LLMs with Decision Tree Reasoningcited by 48
  3. 2025LLM-FE: Automated Feature Engineering for Tabular Data with LLMs as Evolutionary Optimizerscited by 35
  4. 2024Automated data processing and feature engineering for deep learning and big data applications: a surveycited by 14
  5. 2024QuantFactor REINFORCE: Mining Steady Formulaic Alpha Factors with Variance-bounded REINFORCEcited by 13
  6. 2025Navigating the Alpha Jungle: An LLM-Powered MCTS Framework for Formulaic Factor Miningcited by 13
  7. 2025Cognitive Alpha Mining via LLM-Driven Code-Based Evolutioncited by 12
  8. 2025Unsupervised Feature Transformation via In-context Generation, Generator-critic LLM Agents, and Duet-play Teamingcited by 11
  9. 2024Large Language Models Engineer Too Many Simple Features For Tabular Datacited by 8
  10. 2025LLM Meeting Decision Trees on Tabular Datacited by 7
  11. 2025Autonomous Data Agents: A New Opportunity for Smart Datacited by 6
  12. 2024Enhancing Tabular Data Optimization with a Flexible Graph-based Reinforced Exploration Strategycited by 5
38 more
  1. 2024The FIX Benchmark: Extracting Features Interpretable to eXpertscited by 5
  2. 2025FastFT: Accelerating Reinforced Feature Transformation via Advanced Exploration Strategiescited by 5
  3. 2025LLM-ML Teaming: Integrated Symbolic Decoding and Gradient Search for Valid and Stable Generative Feature Transformationcited by 5
  4. 2024IIFE: Interaction Information Based Automated Feature Engineeringcited by 4
  5. 2025Learning from Expert Factors: Trajectory-level Reward Shaping for Formulaic Alpha Miningcited by 4
  6. 2026FAMOSE: A ReAct Approach to Automated Feature Discoverycited by 4
  7. 2024Retrieval-Augmented Feature Generation for Domain-Specific Classificationcited by 3
  8. 2025Tabular Feature Discovery With Reasoning Type Explorationcited by 3
  9. 2025Collaborative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Automated Feature Transformation with Graph-Driven Path Optimizationcited by 2
  10. 2025FELA: A Multi-Agent Evolutionary System for Feature Engineering of Industrial Event Log Datacited by 2
  11. 2025Knowledge-Informed Automatic Feature Extraction via Collaborative Large Language Model Agentscited by 2
  12. 2026SeeMe: Mitigating Hallucinations in Large Vision-Language Models through Effective Visual Token Engineeringcited by 2
  13. 2026MDArena: Evaluating Coding Agents on Realistic Molecular Dynamics Workflowscited by 2
  14. 2024Federated Automated Feature Engineeringcited by 1
  15. 2025Dataset-Agnostic Recommender Systemscited by 1
  16. 2025Dataforge: Agentic Platform for Autonomous Data Engineeringcited by 1
  17. 2026Human-LLM Collaborative Feature Engineering for Tabular Datacited by 1
  18. 2026AlphaForgeBench: Benchmarking End-to-End Trading Strategy Design with Large Language Modelscited by 1
  19. 2026Embedding-Aware Feature Discovery: Bridging Latent Representations and Interpretable Features in Event Sequencescited by 1
  20. 2026FeatEHR-LLM: Leveraging Large Language Models for Feature Engineering in Electronic Health Recordscited by 1
  21. 2026Eureka: Intelligent Feature Engineering for Enterprise AI Cloud Resource Demand Predictioncited by 1
  22. 2024Learned Feature Importance Scores for Automated Feature Engineeringcited by 0
  23. 2025Task-Agnostic Federation over Decentralized Data: Research Landscape and Visionscited by 0
  24. 2025Two-Stage Feature Generation with Transformer and Reinforcement Learningcited by 0
  25. 2025How Usable is Automated Feature Engineering for Tabular Data?cited by 0
  26. 2025Probabilistic Pretraining for Neural Regressioncited by 0
  27. 2025DeepFeature: LLM-Empowered Context-aware Feature Generation for Wearable Biosignalscited by 0
  28. 2026CoFEH: LLM-driven Feature Engineering Empowered by Collaborative Bayesian Hyperparameter Optimizationcited by 0
  29. 2026iML: Executable, Problem-Grounded, and Broadly Exploratory Code-Driven AutoMLcited by 0
  30. 2026FairFS: Addressing Deep Feature Selection Biases for Recommender Systemcited by 0
  31. 2026MedFeat: Model-Aware and Explainability-Driven Feature Engineering with LLMs for Tabular Predictioncited by 0
  32. 2026Memory-Augmented LLM-based Multi-Agent System for Automated Feature Generation on Tabular Datacited by 0
  33. 2026SCOPE-FE: Structured Control of Operator and Pairwise Exploration for Feature Engineering via Quality-Aware Candidate-Space Reductioncited by 0
  34. 2026Bridging Expert Knowledge and Automated Feature Engineering via Self-Evolutioncited by 0
  35. 2026LATTEArena: An Evaluation Framework for LLM-powered Tabular Feature Engineering (Extended Version)cited by 0
  36. 2026Adaptive Graph-of-Islands Evolution for Automatic Feature Engineering with LLMscited by 0
  37. 2026When Do Corrective Features Help? An Agent for Corrective Feature Discovery on Black-Box Forecasterscited by 0
  38. 2026SIGMA: SHAP-Guided Implicit-Trajectory Generation for Metadata-Free LLM-Based AutoFEcited by 0

50 most cited of 52 All 52 (JSON)