RadarCam-Depth: Radar-Camera Fusion for Depth Estimation with Learned Metric Scale
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Abstract (arXiv)
We present a novel approach for metric dense depth estimation based on the fusion of a single-view image and a sparse, noisy Radar point cloud. The direct fusion of heterogeneous Radar and image data, or their encodings, tends to yield dense depth maps with significant artifacts, blurred boundaries, and suboptimal accuracy. To circumvent this issue, we learn to augment versatile and robust monocular depth prediction with the dense metric scale induced from sparse and noisy Radar data. We propose a Radar-Camera framework for highly accurate and fine-detailed dense depth estimation with four stages, including monocular depth prediction, global scale alignment of monocular depth with sparse Radar points, quasi-dense scale estimation through learning the association between Radar points and image patches, and local scale refinement of dense depth using a scale map learner. Our proposed method significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art Radar-Camera depth estimation methods by reducing the mean absolute error (MAE) of depth estimation by 25.6% and 40.2% on the challenging nuScenes dataset and our self-collected ZJU-4DRadarCam dataset, respectively. Our code and dataset will be released at urlhttps://github.com/MMOCKING/RadarCam-Depth.
Key facts. Cited by 20 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 28 of its 38 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 9 Jan 2024.
Builds on
28 of 38 references.
References · 28
- 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 51,809
- 2020An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scalecited by 29,915
- 2019nuScenes: A multimodal dataset for autonomous drivingcited by 4,485
- 2019Towards Robust Monocular Depth Estimation: Mixing Datasets for Zero-shot Cross-dataset Transfercited by 1,484
- 2021LoFTR: Detector-Free Local Feature Matching with Transformerscited by 974
- 2018Deep Ordinal Regression Network for Monocular Depth Estimationcited by 721
- 2019Unsupervised Scale-consistent Depth and Ego-motion Learning from Monocular Videocited by 244
- 2021NeuralRecon: Real-Time Coherent 3D Reconstruction from Monocular Videocited by 241
- 2018DeepV2D: Video to Depth with Differentiable Structure from Motioncited by 185
- 2020On the uncertainty of self-supervised monocular depth estimationcited by 182
- 2023MiDaS v3.1 -- A Model Zoo for Robust Monocular Relative Depth Estimationcited by 173
- 2017Sparse-to-Dense: Depth Prediction from Sparse Depth Samples and a Single Imagecited by 159
16 more
- 2023Towards Zero-Shot Scale-Aware Monocular Depth Estimationcited by 100
- 2019Unsupervised Depth Completion from Visual Inertial Odometrycited by 88
- 2020Towards Better Generalization: Joint Depth-Pose Learning without PoseNetcited by 85
- 2019Sparse and noisy LiDAR completion with RGB guidance and uncertaintycited by 79
- 2021Unsupervised Depth Completion with Calibrated Backprojection Layerscited by 61
- 2019Dense Depth Posterior (DDP) from Single Image and Sparse Rangecited by 57
- 2021Radar-Camera Pixel Depth Association for Depth Completioncited by 49
- 2020Depth Estimation from Monocular Images and Sparse Radar Datacited by 44
- 2021R4Dyn: Exploring Radar for Self-Supervised Monocular Depth Estimation of Dynamic Scenescited by 36
- 2021Depth Estimation from Monocular Images and Sparse radar using Deep Ordinal Regression Networkcited by 32
- 2021Improving Semi-Supervised and Domain-Adaptive Semantic Segmentation with Self-Supervised Depth Estimationcited by 25
- 2019Video Depth Estimation by Fusing Flow-to-Depth Proposalscited by 23
- 2020CodeVIO: Visual-Inertial Odometry with Learned Optimizable Dense Depthcited by 23
- 2023Monocular Visual-Inertial Depth Estimationcited by 18
- 2021Full-Velocity Radar Returns by Radar-Camera Fusioncited by 16
- 2020Deep Depth Estimation from Visual-Inertial SLAMcited by 13
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Citing papers per year: 2024: 6; 2025: 8; 2026: 6.
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- 2024OMNI-DC: Highly Robust Depth Completion with Multiresolution Depth Integrationcited by 28
- 2026MetricAnything: Scaling Metric Depth Pretraining with Noisy Heterogeneous Sourcescited by 10
- 2024Radar and Camera Fusion for Object Detection and Tracking: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 9
- 2025TacoDepth: Towards Efficient Radar-Camera Depth Estimation with One-stage Fusioncited by 9
- 2025Diffusion Knows Transparency: Repurposing Video Diffusion for Transparent Object Depth and Normal Estimationcited by 9
- 2024RIDERS: Radar-Infrared Depth Estimation for Robust Sensingcited by 5
- 2025Radar-Guided Polynomial Fitting for Metric Depth Estimationcited by 5
- 2025Structure-Aware Radar-Camera Depth Estimationcited by 5
- 2024TanDepth: Leveraging Global DEMs for Metric Monocular Depth Estimation in UAVscited by 4
- 2024A Survey of Deep Learning Based Radar and Vision Fusion for 3D Object Detection in Autonomous Drivingcited by 2
- 2025RaCalNet: Radar Calibration Network for Sparse-Supervised Metric Depth Estimationcited by 2
- 2026JustDepth: Real-Time Radar-Camera Depth Estimation with Single-Scan LiDAR Supervisioncited by 2
8 more
- 2025Toward a Low-Cost Perception System in Autonomous Vehicles: A Spectrum Learning Approachcited by 1
- 2025TRIDE: A Text-assisted Radar-Image weather-aware fusion network for Depth Estimationcited by 1
- 2025XD-RCDepth: Lightweight Radar-Camera Depth Estimation with Explainability-Aligned and Distribution-Aware Distillationcited by 1
- 2026Selection, Not Fusion: Radar-Modulated State Space Models for Radar-Camera Depth Estimationcited by 1
- 2024AVS-Net: Audio-Visual Scale Net for Self-supervised Monocular Metric Depth Estimationcited by 0
- 2026SwiftNDC: Fast Neural Depth Correction for High-Fidelity 3D Reconstructioncited by 0
- 2026RbFT-Net: Rectify-Before-Fuse Temporal Radar Anchors for 4D Radar-Camera Depth Completioncited by 0
- 2026GRADE: Single-Frame Generative Radar Depth Estimation Under Visual Degradationcited by 0
- 2026GRADE: Single-Frame Generative Radar Depth Estimation Under Visual Degradation9 Sep 2026
- 2026RbFT-Net: Rectify-Before-Fuse Temporal Radar Anchors for 4D Radar-Camera Depth Completion13 Aug 2026
- 2026JustDepth: Real-Time Radar-Camera Depth Estimation with Single-Scan LiDAR Supervision24 Jul 2026
- 2026Selection, Not Fusion: Radar-Modulated State Space Models for Radar-Camera Depth Estimation12 May 2026
- 2026SwiftNDC: Fast Neural Depth Correction for High-Fidelity 3D Reconstruction26 Feb 2026
- 2026MetricAnything: Scaling Metric Depth Pretraining with Noisy Heterogeneous Sources29 Jan 2026
- 2025Diffusion Knows Transparency: Repurposing Video Diffusion for Transparent Object Depth and Normal Estimation29 Dec 2025
- 2025XD-RCDepth: Lightweight Radar-Camera Depth Estimation with Explainability-Aligned and Distribution-Aware Distillation15 Oct 2025
- 2025TRIDE: A Text-assisted Radar-Image weather-aware fusion network for Depth Estimation11 Aug 2025
- 2025RaCalNet: Radar Calibration Network for Sparse-Supervised Metric Depth Estimation18 Jun 2025
- 2025Structure-Aware Radar-Camera Depth Estimation5 Jun 2025
- 2025TacoDepth: Towards Efficient Radar-Camera Depth Estimation with One-stage Fusion16 Apr 2025
8 more
- 2025Radar-Guided Polynomial Fitting for Metric Depth Estimation21 Mar 2025
- 2025Toward a Low-Cost Perception System in Autonomous Vehicles: A Spectrum Learning Approach4 Feb 2025
- 2024AVS-Net: Audio-Visual Scale Net for Self-supervised Monocular Metric Depth Estimation2 Dec 2024
- 2024OMNI-DC: Highly Robust Depth Completion with Multiresolution Depth Integration28 Nov 2024
- 2024Radar and Camera Fusion for Object Detection and Tracking: A Comprehensive Survey24 Oct 2024
- 2024TanDepth: Leveraging Global DEMs for Metric Monocular Depth Estimation in UAVs8 Sep 2024
- 2024A Survey of Deep Learning Based Radar and Vision Fusion for 3D Object Detection in Autonomous Driving2 Jun 2024
- 2024RIDERS: Radar-Infrared Depth Estimation for Robust Sensing3 Feb 2024
- 2024OMNI-DC: Highly Robust Depth Completion with Multiresolution Depth Integrationcited by 28
- 2026MetricAnything: Scaling Metric Depth Pretraining with Noisy Heterogeneous Sourcescited by 10
- 2024Radar and Camera Fusion for Object Detection and Tracking: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 9
- 2025TacoDepth: Towards Efficient Radar-Camera Depth Estimation with One-stage Fusioncited by 9
- 2024RIDERS: Radar-Infrared Depth Estimation for Robust Sensingcited by 5
- 2025Radar-Guided Polynomial Fitting for Metric Depth Estimationcited by 5
- 2025Structure-Aware Radar-Camera Depth Estimationcited by 5
- 2024TanDepth: Leveraging Global DEMs for Metric Monocular Depth Estimation in UAVscited by 4
- 2025RaCalNet: Radar Calibration Network for Sparse-Supervised Metric Depth Estimationcited by 2
- 2026JustDepth: Real-Time Radar-Camera Depth Estimation with Single-Scan LiDAR Supervisioncited by 2
- 2025Toward a Low-Cost Perception System in Autonomous Vehicles: A Spectrum Learning Approachcited by 1
- 2025TRIDE: A Text-assisted Radar-Image weather-aware fusion network for Depth Estimationcited by 1
12 most cited of 17 All 17 (JSON)
- 2026GRADE: Single-Frame Generative Radar Depth Estimation Under Visual Degradation9 Sep 2026
- 2026RbFT-Net: Rectify-Before-Fuse Temporal Radar Anchors for 4D Radar-Camera Depth Completion13 Aug 2026
- 2026JustDepth: Real-Time Radar-Camera Depth Estimation with Single-Scan LiDAR Supervision24 Jul 2026
- 2026SwiftNDC: Fast Neural Depth Correction for High-Fidelity 3D Reconstruction26 Feb 2026
- 2026MetricAnything: Scaling Metric Depth Pretraining with Noisy Heterogeneous Sources29 Jan 2026
- 2025XD-RCDepth: Lightweight Radar-Camera Depth Estimation with Explainability-Aligned and Distribution-Aware Distillation15 Oct 2025
- 2025TRIDE: A Text-assisted Radar-Image weather-aware fusion network for Depth Estimation11 Aug 2025
- 2025RaCalNet: Radar Calibration Network for Sparse-Supervised Metric Depth Estimation18 Jun 2025
- 2025Structure-Aware Radar-Camera Depth Estimation5 Jun 2025
- 2025TacoDepth: Towards Efficient Radar-Camera Depth Estimation with One-stage Fusion16 Apr 2025
- 2025Radar-Guided Polynomial Fitting for Metric Depth Estimation21 Mar 2025
- 2025Toward a Low-Cost Perception System in Autonomous Vehicles: A Spectrum Learning Approach4 Feb 2025
12 newest of 17 All 17 (JSON)