MC-GPT: Empowering Vision-and-Language Navigation with Memory Map and Reasoning Chains
On the map: LLM reasoning → Spatial and embodied reasoning
Abstract (arXiv)
In the Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) task, the agent is required to navigate to a destination following a natural language instruction. While learning-based approaches have been a major solution to the task, they suffer from high training costs and lack of interpretability. Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a promising tool for VLN due to their strong generalization capabilities. However, existing LLM-based methods face limitations in memory construction and diversity of navigation strategies. To address these challenges, we propose a suite of techniques. Firstly, we introduce a method to maintain a topological map that stores navigation history, retaining information about viewpoints, objects, and their spatial relationships. This map also serves as a global action space. Additionally, we present a Navigation Chain of Thoughts module, leveraging human navigation examples to enrich navigation strategy diversity. Finally, we establish a pipeline that integrates navigational memory and strategies with perception and action prediction modules. Experimental results on the REVERIE and R2R datasets show that our method effectively enhances the navigation ability of the LLM and improves the interpretability of navigation reasoning.
Key facts. Cited by 25 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Spatial and embodied reasoning, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 40 of its 51 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 17 May 2024.
Builds on
40 of 51 references.
Closest ancestors · 1
Same direction, newest first
Other references · 39
- 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,456
- 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,199
- 2023GPT-4 Technical Reportcited by 18,132
- 2023LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Modelscited by 13,958
- 2022Chain-of-Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language Modelscited by 12,302
- 2019Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networkscited by 9,049
- 2023Visual Instruction Tuningcited by 7,792
- 2015Fast R-CNNcited by 2,930
- 2016Visual Genome: Connecting Language and Vision Using Crowdsourced Dense Image Annotationscited by 2,646
- 2023PaLM-E: An Embodied Multimodal Language Modelcited by 2,037
- 2022Rethinking the Role of Demonstrations: What Makes In-Context Learning Work?cited by 1,413
- 2017Bottom-Up and Top-Down Attention for Image Captioning and Visual Question Answeringcited by 1,310
27 more
- 2017Vision-and-Language Navigation: Interpreting visually-grounded navigation instructions in real environmentscited by 1,013
- 2022Automatic Chain of Thought Prompting in Large Language Modelscited by 684
- 2022LM-Nav: Robotic Navigation with Large Pre-Trained Models of Language, Vision, and Actioncited by 435
- 2020Room-Across-Room: Multilingual Vision-and-Language Navigation with Dense Spatiotemporal Groundingcited by 401
- 2019REVERIE: Remote Embodied Visual Referring Expression in Real Indoor Environmentscited by 330
- 2018Reinforced Cross-Modal Matching and Self-Supervised Imitation Learning for Vision-Language Navigationcited by 304
- 2020A Recurrent Vision-and-Language BERT for Navigationcited by 300
- 2023ChatGPT for Robotics: Design Principles and Model Abilitiescited by 296
- 2019Learning to Navigate Unseen Environments: Back Translation with Environmental Dropoutcited by 241
- 2022Think Global, Act Local: Dual-scale Graph Transformer for Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 187
- 2019Vision-Language Navigation with Self-Supervised Auxiliary Reasoning Taskscited by 177
- 2019Self-Monitoring Navigation Agent via Auxiliary Progress Estimationcited by 173
- 2021Airbert: In-domain Pretraining for Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 129
- 2023ESC: Exploration with Soft Commonsense Constraints for Zero-shot Object Navigationcited by 126
- 2019Tactical Rewind: Self-Correction via Backtracking in Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 81
- 2020Referring Expression Comprehension: A Survey of Methods and Datasetscited by 78
- 2023Bridging Zero-shot Object Navigation and Foundation Models through Pixel-Guided Navigation Skillcited by 75
- 2023Can an Embodied Agent Find Your "Cat-shaped Mug"? LLM-Guided Exploration for Zero-Shot Object Navigationcited by 74
- 2022HOP: History-and-Order Aware Pre-training for Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 69
- 2023VELMA: Verbalization Embodiment of LLM Agents for Vision and Language Navigation in Street Viewcited by 67
- 2021The Road to Know-Where: An Object-and-Room Informed Sequential BERT for Indoor Vision-Language Navigationcited by 60
- 2019Transferable Representation Learning in Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 47
- 2022ADAPT: Vision-Language Navigation with Modality-Aligned Action Promptscited by 45
- 2020Soft Expert Reward Learning for Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 37
- 2023March in Chat: Interactive Prompting for Remote Embodied Referring Expressioncited by 34
- 2022Visual-Language Navigation Pretraining via Prompt-based Environmental Self-explorationcited by 25
- 2023Effective End-to-End Vision Language Pretraining with Semantic Visual Losscited by 10
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2024: 7; 2025: 13; 2026: 5.
25 papers.
Sort:
By area:
- 2024NavGPT-2: Unleashing Navigational Reasoning Capability for Large Vision-Language Modelscited by 96
- 2024Vision-and-Language Navigation Today and Tomorrow: A Survey in the Era of Foundation Modelscited by 79
- 2024Open-Nav: Exploring Zero-Shot Vision-and-Language Navigation in Continuous Environment with Open-Source LLMscited by 60
- 2025UniGoal: Towards Universal Zero-shot Goal-oriented Navigationcited by 56
- 2024Constraint-Aware Zero-Shot Vision-Language Navigation in Continuous Environmentscited by 49
- 2024KARMA: Augmenting Embodied AI Agents with Long-and-short Term Memory Systemscited by 38
- 2024SAME: Learning Generic Language-Guided Visual Navigation with State-Adaptive Mixture of Expertscited by 16
- 2025Cross from Left to Right Brain: Adaptive Text Dreamer for Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 16
- 2025DreamNav: A Trajectory-Based Imaginative Framework for Zero-Shot Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 15
- 2025MSGNav: Unleashing the Power of Multi-modal 3D Scene Graph for Zero-Shot Embodied Navigationcited by 13
- 2025Neural Brain: A Neuroscience-inspired Framework for Embodied Agentscited by 10
- 2025SE-VLN: A Self-Evolving Vision-Language Navigation Framework Based on Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 9
13 more
- 2025CitySeeker: How Do VLMS Explore Embodied Urban Navigation With Implicit Human Needs?cited by 8
- 2026SpatialNav: Leveraging Spatial Scene Graphs for Zero-Shot Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 8
- 2025CogDDN: A Cognitive Demand-Driven Navigation with Decision Optimization and Dual-Process Thinkingcited by 7
- 2025VISTAv2: World Imagination for Indoor Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 6
- 2026Bridging the 2D-3D Gap: A Hierarchical Semantic-Geometric Map for Vision Language Navigationcited by 6
- 2026AgenticNav: Zero-Shot Vision-and-Language Navigation as a Tool-Calling Harnesscited by 6
- 2024Zero-shot Object-Centric Instruction Following: Integrating Foundation Models with Traditional Navigationcited by 4
- 2025Boosting Zero-Shot VLN via Abstract Obstacle Map-Based Waypoint Prediction with TopoGraph-and-VisitInfo-Aware Promptingcited by 4
- 2025UNeMo: Collaborative Visual-Language Reasoning and Navigation via a Multimodal World Modelcited by 3
- 2025Run, Ruminate, and Regulate: A Dual-process Thinking System for Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 2
- 2026Does Peer Observation Help? Vision-Sharing Collaboration for Vision-Language Navigationcited by 2
- 2025Semantic Intelligence: Integrating GPT-4 with A Planning in Low-Cost Roboticscited by 0
- 2026LG-VLN: A Zero-Shot Vision-and-Language Navigation Framework with LangGraph State Orchestrationcited by 0
- 2026LG-VLN: A Zero-Shot Vision-and-Language Navigation Framework with LangGraph State Orchestration14 Sep 2026
- 2026AgenticNav: Zero-Shot Vision-and-Language Navigation as a Tool-Calling Harness9 Jun 2026
- 2026Bridging the 2D-3D Gap: A Hierarchical Semantic-Geometric Map for Vision Language Navigation25 May 2026
- 2026Does Peer Observation Help? Vision-Sharing Collaboration for Vision-Language Navigation21 Mar 2026
- 2026SpatialNav: Leveraging Spatial Scene Graphs for Zero-Shot Vision-and-Language Navigation11 Jan 2026
- 2025CitySeeker: How Do VLMS Explore Embodied Urban Navigation With Implicit Human Needs?18 Dec 2025
- 2025UNeMo: Collaborative Visual-Language Reasoning and Navigation via a Multimodal World Model24 Nov 2025
- 2025Run, Ruminate, and Regulate: A Dual-process Thinking System for Vision-and-Language Navigation18 Nov 2025
- 2025VISTAv2: World Imagination for Indoor Vision-and-Language Navigation14 Nov 2025
- 2025MSGNav: Unleashing the Power of Multi-modal 3D Scene Graph for Zero-Shot Embodied Navigation13 Nov 2025
- 2025Boosting Zero-Shot VLN via Abstract Obstacle Map-Based Waypoint Prediction with TopoGraph-and-VisitInfo-Aware Prompting24 Sep 2025
- 2025DreamNav: A Trajectory-Based Imaginative Framework for Zero-Shot Vision-and-Language Navigation14 Sep 2025
13 more
- 2025SE-VLN: A Self-Evolving Vision-Language Navigation Framework Based on Multimodal Large Language Models17 Jul 2025
- 2025CogDDN: A Cognitive Demand-Driven Navigation with Decision Optimization and Dual-Process Thinking15 Jul 2025
- 2025Cross from Left to Right Brain: Adaptive Text Dreamer for Vision-and-Language Navigation27 May 2025
- 2025Neural Brain: A Neuroscience-inspired Framework for Embodied Agents12 May 2025
- 2025Semantic Intelligence: Integrating GPT-4 with A Planning in Low-Cost Robotics3 May 2025
- 2025UniGoal: Towards Universal Zero-shot Goal-oriented Navigation13 Mar 2025
- 2024Constraint-Aware Zero-Shot Vision-Language Navigation in Continuous Environments13 Dec 2024
- 2024SAME: Learning Generic Language-Guided Visual Navigation with State-Adaptive Mixture of Experts7 Dec 2024
- 2024Zero-shot Object-Centric Instruction Following: Integrating Foundation Models with Traditional Navigation12 Nov 2024
- 2024Open-Nav: Exploring Zero-Shot Vision-and-Language Navigation in Continuous Environment with Open-Source LLMs27 Sep 2024
- 2024KARMA: Augmenting Embodied AI Agents with Long-and-short Term Memory Systems23 Sep 2024
- 2024NavGPT-2: Unleashing Navigational Reasoning Capability for Large Vision-Language Models17 Jul 2024
- 2024Vision-and-Language Navigation Today and Tomorrow: A Survey in the Era of Foundation Models9 Jul 2024
- 2025SE-VLN: A Self-Evolving Vision-Language Navigation Framework Based on Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 9
- 2025CitySeeker: How Do VLMS Explore Embodied Urban Navigation With Implicit Human Needs?cited by 8
- 2026AgenticNav: Zero-Shot Vision-and-Language Navigation as a Tool-Calling Harnesscited by 6
- 2026AgenticNav: Zero-Shot Vision-and-Language Navigation as a Tool-Calling Harness9 Jun 2026
- 2025CitySeeker: How Do VLMS Explore Embodied Urban Navigation With Implicit Human Needs?18 Dec 2025
- 2025SE-VLN: A Self-Evolving Vision-Language Navigation Framework Based on Multimodal Large Language Models17 Jul 2025
- 2024Vision-and-Language Navigation Today and Tomorrow: A Survey in the Era of Foundation Modelscited by 79
- 2024Open-Nav: Exploring Zero-Shot Vision-and-Language Navigation in Continuous Environment with Open-Source LLMscited by 60
- 2025UniGoal: Towards Universal Zero-shot Goal-oriented Navigationcited by 56
- 2024Constraint-Aware Zero-Shot Vision-Language Navigation in Continuous Environmentscited by 49
- 2025Cross from Left to Right Brain: Adaptive Text Dreamer for Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 16
- 2025DreamNav: A Trajectory-Based Imaginative Framework for Zero-Shot Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 15
- 2025MSGNav: Unleashing the Power of Multi-modal 3D Scene Graph for Zero-Shot Embodied Navigationcited by 13
- 2026SpatialNav: Leveraging Spatial Scene Graphs for Zero-Shot Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 8
- 2025CogDDN: A Cognitive Demand-Driven Navigation with Decision Optimization and Dual-Process Thinkingcited by 7
- 2025VISTAv2: World Imagination for Indoor Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 6
- 2026Bridging the 2D-3D Gap: A Hierarchical Semantic-Geometric Map for Vision Language Navigationcited by 6
- 2024Zero-shot Object-Centric Instruction Following: Integrating Foundation Models with Traditional Navigationcited by 4
12 most cited of 16 All 16 (JSON)
- 2026LG-VLN: A Zero-Shot Vision-and-Language Navigation Framework with LangGraph State Orchestration14 Sep 2026
- 2026Bridging the 2D-3D Gap: A Hierarchical Semantic-Geometric Map for Vision Language Navigation25 May 2026
- 2026Does Peer Observation Help? Vision-Sharing Collaboration for Vision-Language Navigation21 Mar 2026
- 2026SpatialNav: Leveraging Spatial Scene Graphs for Zero-Shot Vision-and-Language Navigation11 Jan 2026
- 2025VISTAv2: World Imagination for Indoor Vision-and-Language Navigation14 Nov 2025
- 2025MSGNav: Unleashing the Power of Multi-modal 3D Scene Graph for Zero-Shot Embodied Navigation13 Nov 2025
- 2025Boosting Zero-Shot VLN via Abstract Obstacle Map-Based Waypoint Prediction with TopoGraph-and-VisitInfo-Aware Prompting24 Sep 2025
- 2025DreamNav: A Trajectory-Based Imaginative Framework for Zero-Shot Vision-and-Language Navigation14 Sep 2025
- 2025CogDDN: A Cognitive Demand-Driven Navigation with Decision Optimization and Dual-Process Thinking15 Jul 2025
- 2025Cross from Left to Right Brain: Adaptive Text Dreamer for Vision-and-Language Navigation27 May 2025
- 2025Semantic Intelligence: Integrating GPT-4 with A Planning in Low-Cost Robotics3 May 2025
- 2025UniGoal: Towards Universal Zero-shot Goal-oriented Navigation13 Mar 2025
12 newest of 16 All 16 (JSON)
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2026CMMR-VLN: Vision-and-Language Navigation via Continual Multimodal Memory Retrieval
- 2026Learning to Retrieve Navigable Candidates for Efficient Vision-and-Language Navigation
- 2025MSNav: Zero-Shot Vision-and-Language Navigation with Dynamic Memory and LLM Spatial Reasoning
- 2024NavCoT: Boosting LLM-Based Vision-and-Language Navigation via Learning Disentangled Reasoning
- 2025Mem2Ego: Empowering Vision-Language Models with Global-to-Ego Memory for Long-Horizon Embodied Navigation
- 2026LookStep: Efficient Vision-Language Navigation with Linguistic Foresight and Event Driven Memory
- 2025Aux-Think: Exploring Reasoning Strategies for Data-Efficient Vision-Language Navigation
- 2025EvolveNav: Empowering LLM-Based Vision-Language Navigation via Self-Improving Embodied Reasoning