TopoMLP: A Simple yet Strong Pipeline for Driving Topology Reasoning
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Abstract (arXiv)
Topology reasoning aims to comprehensively understand road scenes and present drivable routes in autonomous driving. It requires detecting road centerlines (lane) and traffic elements, further reasoning their topology relationship, i.e., lane-lane topology, and lane-traffic topology. In this work, we first present that the topology score relies heavily on detection performance on lane and traffic elements. Therefore, we introduce a powerful 3D lane detector and an improved 2D traffic element detector to extend the upper limit of topology performance. Further, we propose TopoMLP, a simple yet high-performance pipeline for driving topology reasoning. Based on the impressive detection performance, we develop two simple MLP-based heads for topology generation. TopoMLP achieves state-of-the-art performance on OpenLane-V2 benchmark, i.e., 41.2% OLS with ResNet-50 backbone. It is also the 1st solution for 1st OpenLane Topology in Autonomous Driving Challenge. We hope such simple and strong pipeline can provide some new insights to the community. Code is at https://github.com/wudongming97/TopoMLP.
Key facts. Cited by 41 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 37 of its 48 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 10 Oct 2023.
Builds on
37 of 48 references.
References · 37
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25 more
- 2022MapTR: Structured Modeling and Learning for Online Vectorized HD Map Constructioncited by 311
- 2021HDMapNet: An Online HD Map Construction and Evaluation Frameworkcited by 280
- 2022VectorMapNet: End-to-end Vectorized HD Map Learningcited by 243
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- 2020Sat2Graph: Road Graph Extraction through Graph-Tensor Encodingcited by 55
- 2019Deep Contextual Attention for Human-Object Interaction Detectioncited by 54
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- 2019Neural Turtle Graphics for Modeling City Road Layoutscited by 29
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Citing papers per year: 2024: 16; 2025: 15; 2026: 10.
41 papers.
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- 2024T2SG: Traffic Topology Scene Graph for Topology Reasoning in Autonomous Drivingcited by 35
- 2024TopoLogic: An Interpretable Pipeline for Lane Topology Reasoning on Driving Scenescited by 29
- 2024Enhancing 3D Lane Detection and Topology Reasoning with 2D Lane Priorscited by 21
- 2024Is a 3D-Tokenized LLM the Key to Reliable Autonomous Driving?cited by 20
- 2024RoadPainter: Points Are Ideal Navigators for Topology transformERcited by 17
- 2025Chameleon: Fast-slow Neuro-symbolic Lane Topology Extractioncited by 16
- 2024SemVecNet: Generalizable Vector Map Generation for Arbitrary Sensor Configurationscited by 12
- 2024TopoSD: Topology-Enhanced Lane Segment Perception with SDMap Priorcited by 12
- 2025SMART: Advancing Scalable Map Priors for Driving Topology Reasoningcited by 12
- 2024Enhancing Online Road Network Perception and Reasoning with Standard Definition Mapscited by 11
- 2024Driving by the Rules: A Benchmark for Integrating Traffic Sign Regulations into Vectorized HD Mapcited by 11
- 2025Topo2Seq: Enhanced Topology Reasoning via Topology Sequence Learningcited by 9
29 more
- 2025SEPT: Standard-Definition Map Enhanced Scene Perception and Topology Reasoning for Autonomous Drivingcited by 9
- 2025TopoPoint: Enhance Topology Reasoning via Endpoint Detection in Autonomous Drivingcited by 9
- 2025Reusing Attention for One-stage Lane Topology Understandingcited by 9
- 2024TopoMaskV2: Enhanced Instance-Mask-Based Formulation for the Road Topology Problemcited by 7
- 2024RepVF: A Unified Vector Fields Representation for Multi-task 3D Perceptioncited by 5
- 2024Enhancing Lane Segment Perception and Topology Reasoning with Crowdsourcing Trajectory Priorscited by 5
- 2024TopoBDA: Towards Bezier Deformable Attention for Road Topology Understandingcited by 5
- 2024LGmap: Local-to-Global Mapping Network for Online Long-Range Vectorized HD Map Constructioncited by 4
- 2024Monocular Lane Detection Based on Deep Learning: A Surveycited by 4
- 2025MapGS: Generalizable Pretraining and Data Augmentation for Online Mapping via Novel View Synthesiscited by 3
- 2025TopoStreamer: Temporal Lane Segment Topology Reasoning in Autonomous Drivingcited by 3
- 2025Coherent Online Road Topology Estimation and Reasoning with Standard-Definition Mapscited by 3
- 2025FASTopoWM: Fast-Slow Lane Segment Topology Reasoning with Latent World Modelscited by 3
- 2025RATopo: Improving Lane Topology Reasoning via Redundancy Assignmentcited by 3
- 2025A Concise Survey on Lane Topology Reasoning for HD Mappingcited by 2
- 2025From Static to Dynamic: a Survey of Topology-Aware Perception in Autonomous Drivingcited by 2
- 2026Bridging Structure and Language: Graph-Based Visual Reasoning for Autonomous Road Understandingcited by 2
- 2024ImagineMap: Enhanced HD Map Construction with SD Mapscited by 1
- 2025ArgoTweak: Towards Self-Updating HD Maps through Structured Priorscited by 1
- 2026TaCarla: A comprehensive benchmarking dataset for end-to-end autonomous drivingcited by 1
- 2026TopoMaskV3: 3D Mask Head with Dense Offset and Height Predictions for Road Topology Understandingcited by 1
- 2026TopoHR: Hierarchical Centerline Representation for Cyclic Topology Reasoning in Driving Scenes with Point-to-Instance Relationscited by 1
- 2026Unified Map Prior Encoder for Mapping and Planningcited by 1
- 2026Unified Modeling of Lane and Lane Topology for Driving Scene Reasoningcited by 1
- 2025CSMapping: Scalable Crowdsourced Semantic Mapping and Topology Inference for Autonomous Drivingcited by 0
- 2026Generative Lane Topology Reasoning via Autoregressive Model with Geometry Priorcited by 0
- 2026HGeo-TopoMap: Boosting Topological Mapping with Hierarchical Geometric Priorscited by 0
- 2026Reasoning to Regulate: Chain-of-Thought for Traffic Rule Understandingcited by 0
- 2026Plug-and-Play Traffic Element Awareness for End-to-End Autonomous Drivingcited by 0
- 2026Plug-and-Play Traffic Element Awareness for End-to-End Autonomous Driving18 Aug 2026
- 2026Reasoning to Regulate: Chain-of-Thought for Traffic Rule Understanding27 Jul 2026
- 2026HGeo-TopoMap: Boosting Topological Mapping with Hierarchical Geometric Priors23 Jul 2026
- 2026Generative Lane Topology Reasoning via Autoregressive Model with Geometry Prior30 Jun 2026
- 2026Bridging Structure and Language: Graph-Based Visual Reasoning for Autonomous Road Understanding20 May 2026
- 2026Unified Modeling of Lane and Lane Topology for Driving Scene Reasoning9 May 2026
- 2026Unified Map Prior Encoder for Mapping and Planning4 May 2026
- 2026TopoHR: Hierarchical Centerline Representation for Cyclic Topology Reasoning in Driving Scenes with Point-to-Instance Relations27 Apr 2026
- 2026TopoMaskV3: 3D Mask Head with Dense Offset and Height Predictions for Road Topology Understanding2 Mar 2026
- 2026TaCarla: A comprehensive benchmarking dataset for end-to-end autonomous driving26 Feb 2026
- 2025CSMapping: Scalable Crowdsourced Semantic Mapping and Topology Inference for Autonomous Driving3 Dec 2025
- 2025From Static to Dynamic: a Survey of Topology-Aware Perception in Autonomous Driving28 Sep 2025
29 more
- 2025ArgoTweak: Towards Self-Updating HD Maps through Structured Priors10 Sep 2025
- 2025RATopo: Improving Lane Topology Reasoning via Redundancy Assignment21 Aug 2025
- 2025FASTopoWM: Fast-Slow Lane Segment Topology Reasoning with Latent World Models31 Jul 2025
- 2025Reusing Attention for One-stage Lane Topology Understanding23 Jul 2025
- 2025Coherent Online Road Topology Estimation and Reasoning with Standard-Definition Maps2 Jul 2025
- 2025TopoStreamer: Temporal Lane Segment Topology Reasoning in Autonomous Driving1 Jul 2025
- 2025TopoPoint: Enhance Topology Reasoning via Endpoint Detection in Autonomous Driving23 May 2025
- 2025SEPT: Standard-Definition Map Enhanced Scene Perception and Topology Reasoning for Autonomous Driving18 May 2025
- 2025A Concise Survey on Lane Topology Reasoning for HD Mapping31 Mar 2025
- 2025Chameleon: Fast-slow Neuro-symbolic Lane Topology Extraction10 Mar 2025
- 2025Topo2Seq: Enhanced Topology Reasoning via Topology Sequence Learning13 Feb 2025
- 2025SMART: Advancing Scalable Map Priors for Driving Topology Reasoning6 Feb 2025
- 2025MapGS: Generalizable Pretraining and Data Augmentation for Online Mapping via Novel View Synthesis11 Jan 2025
- 2024TopoBDA: Towards Bezier Deformable Attention for Road Topology Understanding25 Dec 2024
- 2024ImagineMap: Enhanced HD Map Construction with SD Maps22 Dec 2024
- 2024T2SG: Traffic Topology Scene Graph for Topology Reasoning in Autonomous Driving28 Nov 2024
- 2024Enhancing Lane Segment Perception and Topology Reasoning with Crowdsourcing Trajectory Priors26 Nov 2024
- 2024Monocular Lane Detection Based on Deep Learning: A Survey25 Nov 2024
- 2024TopoSD: Topology-Enhanced Lane Segment Perception with SDMap Prior22 Nov 2024
- 2024Driving by the Rules: A Benchmark for Integrating Traffic Sign Regulations into Vectorized HD Map31 Oct 2024
- 2024TopoMaskV2: Enhanced Instance-Mask-Based Formulation for the Road Topology Problem17 Sep 2024
- 2024Enhancing Online Road Network Perception and Reasoning with Standard Definition Maps1 Aug 2024
- 2024RoadPainter: Points Are Ideal Navigators for Topology transformER22 Jul 2024
- 2024RepVF: A Unified Vector Fields Representation for Multi-task 3D Perception15 Jul 2024
- 2024LGmap: Local-to-Global Mapping Network for Online Long-Range Vectorized HD Map Construction20 Jun 2024
- 2024Enhancing 3D Lane Detection and Topology Reasoning with 2D Lane Priors5 Jun 2024
- 2024Is a 3D-Tokenized LLM the Key to Reliable Autonomous Driving?28 May 2024
- 2024TopoLogic: An Interpretable Pipeline for Lane Topology Reasoning on Driving Scenes23 May 2024
- 2024SemVecNet: Generalizable Vector Map Generation for Arbitrary Sensor Configurations30 Apr 2024
- 2024Driving by the Rules: A Benchmark for Integrating Traffic Sign Regulations into Vectorized HD Mapcited by 11
- 2025TopoStreamer: Temporal Lane Segment Topology Reasoning in Autonomous Drivingcited by 3
- 2025From Static to Dynamic: a Survey of Topology-Aware Perception in Autonomous Drivingcited by 2
- 2026TaCarla: A comprehensive benchmarking dataset for end-to-end autonomous drivingcited by 1
- 2026TopoHR: Hierarchical Centerline Representation for Cyclic Topology Reasoning in Driving Scenes with Point-to-Instance Relationscited by 1
- 2026Plug-and-Play Traffic Element Awareness for End-to-End Autonomous Drivingcited by 0
- 2026Plug-and-Play Traffic Element Awareness for End-to-End Autonomous Driving18 Aug 2026
- 2026TopoHR: Hierarchical Centerline Representation for Cyclic Topology Reasoning in Driving Scenes with Point-to-Instance Relations27 Apr 2026
- 2026TaCarla: A comprehensive benchmarking dataset for end-to-end autonomous driving26 Feb 2026
- 2025From Static to Dynamic: a Survey of Topology-Aware Perception in Autonomous Driving28 Sep 2025
- 2025TopoStreamer: Temporal Lane Segment Topology Reasoning in Autonomous Driving1 Jul 2025
- 2024Driving by the Rules: A Benchmark for Integrating Traffic Sign Regulations into Vectorized HD Map31 Oct 2024
- 2024Is a 3D-Tokenized LLM the Key to Reliable Autonomous Driving?cited by 20
- 2025Topo2Seq: Enhanced Topology Reasoning via Topology Sequence Learningcited by 9
- 2026Bridging Structure and Language: Graph-Based Visual Reasoning for Autonomous Road Understandingcited by 2
- 2026Reasoning to Regulate: Chain-of-Thought for Traffic Rule Understandingcited by 0
- 2026Reasoning to Regulate: Chain-of-Thought for Traffic Rule Understanding27 Jul 2026
- 2026Bridging Structure and Language: Graph-Based Visual Reasoning for Autonomous Road Understanding20 May 2026
- 2025Topo2Seq: Enhanced Topology Reasoning via Topology Sequence Learning13 Feb 2025
- 2024Is a 3D-Tokenized LLM the Key to Reliable Autonomous Driving?28 May 2024
- 2024T2SG: Traffic Topology Scene Graph for Topology Reasoning in Autonomous Drivingcited by 35
- 2024TopoLogic: An Interpretable Pipeline for Lane Topology Reasoning on Driving Scenescited by 29
- 2024Enhancing 3D Lane Detection and Topology Reasoning with 2D Lane Priorscited by 21
- 2024RoadPainter: Points Are Ideal Navigators for Topology transformERcited by 17
- 2025Chameleon: Fast-slow Neuro-symbolic Lane Topology Extractioncited by 16
- 2024SemVecNet: Generalizable Vector Map Generation for Arbitrary Sensor Configurationscited by 12
- 2024TopoSD: Topology-Enhanced Lane Segment Perception with SDMap Priorcited by 12
- 2025SMART: Advancing Scalable Map Priors for Driving Topology Reasoningcited by 12
- 2024Enhancing Online Road Network Perception and Reasoning with Standard Definition Mapscited by 11
- 2025SEPT: Standard-Definition Map Enhanced Scene Perception and Topology Reasoning for Autonomous Drivingcited by 9
- 2025TopoPoint: Enhance Topology Reasoning via Endpoint Detection in Autonomous Drivingcited by 9
- 2025Reusing Attention for One-stage Lane Topology Understandingcited by 9
12 most cited of 30 All 30 (JSON)
- 2026HGeo-TopoMap: Boosting Topological Mapping with Hierarchical Geometric Priors23 Jul 2026
- 2026Generative Lane Topology Reasoning via Autoregressive Model with Geometry Prior30 Jun 2026
- 2026Unified Modeling of Lane and Lane Topology for Driving Scene Reasoning9 May 2026
- 2026Unified Map Prior Encoder for Mapping and Planning4 May 2026
- 2026TopoMaskV3: 3D Mask Head with Dense Offset and Height Predictions for Road Topology Understanding2 Mar 2026
- 2025CSMapping: Scalable Crowdsourced Semantic Mapping and Topology Inference for Autonomous Driving3 Dec 2025
- 2025ArgoTweak: Towards Self-Updating HD Maps through Structured Priors10 Sep 2025
- 2025RATopo: Improving Lane Topology Reasoning via Redundancy Assignment21 Aug 2025
- 2025Reusing Attention for One-stage Lane Topology Understanding23 Jul 2025
- 2025Coherent Online Road Topology Estimation and Reasoning with Standard-Definition Maps2 Jul 2025
- 2025TopoPoint: Enhance Topology Reasoning via Endpoint Detection in Autonomous Driving23 May 2025
- 2025SEPT: Standard-Definition Map Enhanced Scene Perception and Topology Reasoning for Autonomous Driving18 May 2025
12 newest of 30 All 30 (JSON)