mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

ImagenHub: Standardizing the evaluation of conditional image generation models

arXiv 2310.01596 ↗First posted 2 Oct 2023cs.CV cs.GR cs.MMcited by 75

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Abstract (arXiv)

Recently, a myriad of conditional image generation and editing models have been developed to serve different downstream tasks, including text-to-image generation, text-guided image editing, subject-driven image generation, control-guided image generation, etc. However, we observe huge inconsistencies in experimental conditions: datasets, inference, and evaluation metrics - render fair comparisons difficult. This paper proposes ImagenHub, which is a one-stop library to standardize the inference and evaluation of all the conditional image generation models. Firstly, we define seven prominent tasks and curate high-quality evaluation datasets for them. Secondly, we built a unified inference pipeline to ensure fair comparison. Thirdly, we design two human evaluation scores, i.e. Semantic Consistency and Perceptual Quality, along with comprehensive guidelines to evaluate generated images. We train expert raters to evaluate the model outputs based on the proposed metrics. Our human evaluation achieves a high inter-worker agreement of Krippendorff's alpha on 76% models with a value higher than 0.4. We comprehensively evaluated a total of around 30 models and observed three key takeaways: (1) the existing models' performance is generally unsatisfying except for Text-guided Image Generation and Subject-driven Image Generation, with 74% models achieving an overall score lower than 0.5. (2) we examined the claims from published papers and found 83% of them hold with a few exceptions. (3) None of the existing automatic metrics has a Spearman's correlation higher than 0.2 except subject-driven image generation. Moving forward, we will continue our efforts to evaluate newly published models and update our leaderboard to keep track of the progress in conditional image generation.

Key facts. Cited by 75 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 37 of its 51 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 2 Oct 2023.

Builds on

37 of 51 references.

References · 37

  1. 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,456
  2. 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,694
  3. 2021LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Modelscited by 14,084
  4. 2018The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Deep Features as a Perceptual Metriccited by 11,029
  5. 2022Hierarchical Text-Conditional Image Generation with CLIP Latentscited by 6,539
  6. 2022Photorealistic Text-to-Image Diffusion Models with Deep Language Understandingcited by 6,322
  7. 2023Adding Conditional Control to Text-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 5,466
  8. 2016Image-to-Image Translation with Conditional Adversarial Networkscited by 4,510
  9. 2022BLIP: Bootstrapping Language-Image Pre-training for Unified Vision-Language Understanding and Generationcited by 4,310
  10. 2021GLIDE: Towards Photorealistic Image Generation and Editing with Text-Guided Diffusion Modelscited by 3,595
  11. 2022DreamBooth: Fine Tuning Text-to-Image Diffusion Models for Subject-Driven Generationcited by 3,286
  12. 2016Improved Techniques for Training GANscited by 2,938
25 more
  1. 2022InstructPix2Pix: Learning to Follow Image Editing Instructionscited by 2,591
  2. 2021CLIPScore: A Reference-free Evaluation Metric for Image Captioningcited by 2,388
  3. 2022An Image is Worth One Word: Personalizing Text-to-Image Generation using Textual Inversioncited by 2,231
  4. 2021SDEdit: Guided Image Synthesis and Editing with Stochastic Differential Equationscited by 1,903
  5. 2022Null-text Inversion for Editing Real Images using Guided Diffusion Modelscited by 1,168
  6. 2022Multi-Concept Customization of Text-to-Image Diffusioncited by 1,099
  7. 2023ImageReward: Learning and Evaluating Human Preferences for Text-to-Image Generationcited by 1,010
  8. 2021StyleCLIP: Text-Driven Manipulation of StyleGAN Imagerycited by 990
  9. 2021Blended Diffusion for Text-driven Editing of Natural Imagescited by 924
  10. 2022DiffEdit: Diffusion-based semantic image editing with mask guidancecited by 643
  11. 2023MagicBrush: A Manually Annotated Dataset for Instruction-Guided Image Editingcited by 615
  12. 2023Zero-shot Image-to-Image Translationcited by 503
  13. 2023BLIP-Diffusion: Pre-trained Subject Representation for Controllable Text-to-Image Generation and Editingcited by 438
  14. 2022Training-Free Structured Diffusion Guidance for Compositional Text-to-Image Synthesiscited by 386
  15. 2022DiffusionDB: A Large-scale Prompt Gallery Dataset for Text-to-Image Generative Modelscited by 376
  16. 2023DreamSim: Learning New Dimensions of Human Visual Similarity using Synthetic Datacited by 322
  17. 2022Text2LIVE: Text-Driven Layered Image and Video Editingcited by 312
  18. 2015Deep Generative Image Models using a Laplacian Pyramid of Adversarial Networkscited by 214
  19. 2023Subject-driven Text-to-Image Generation via Apprenticeship Learningcited by 210
  20. 2023UniControl: A Unified Diffusion Model for Controllable Visual Generation In the Wildcited by 197
  21. 2023StyleDrop: Text-to-Image Generation in Any Stylecited by 197
  22. 2021Pros and Cons of GAN Evaluation Measures: New Developmentscited by 121
  23. 2013Stabilitycited by 119
  24. 2023Photoswap: Personalized Subject Swapping in Imagescited by 47
  25. 2023DreamEdit: Subject-driven Image Editingcited by 37

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2023: 6; 2024: 27; 2025: 25; 2026: 17.

75 papers.

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  1. 2023VBench: Comprehensive Benchmark Suite for Video Generative Modelscited by 1,755
  2. 2024Evaluating Text-to-Visual Generation with Image-to-Text Generationcited by 465
  3. 2023VIEScore: Towards Explainable Metrics for Conditional Image Synthesis Evaluationcited by 196
  4. 2024AnyV2V: A Tuning-Free Framework For Any Video-to-Video Editing Taskscited by 151
  5. 2024OmniEdit: Building Image Editing Generalist Models Through Specialist Supervisioncited by 145
  6. 2024DreamBench++: A Human-Aligned Benchmark for Personalized Image Generationcited by 131
  7. 2023GPT-4V(ision) as a Generalist Evaluator for Vision-Language Taskscited by 118
  8. 2025GoT: Unleashing Reasoning Capability of Multimodal Large Language Model for Visual Generation and Editingcited by 103
  9. 2024GenAI Arena: An Open Evaluation Platform for Generative Modelscited by 81
  10. 2024Multi-LoRA Composition for Image Generationcited by 80
  11. 2024Instruct-Imagen: Image Generation with Multi-modal Instructioncited by 65
  12. 2023Shadows Don't Lie and Lines Can't Bend! Generative Models don't know Projective Geometry...for nowcited by 61
38 more
  1. 2025EditScore: Unlocking Online RL for Image Editing via High-Fidelity Reward Modelingcited by 61
  2. 2025EditReward: A Human-Aligned Reward Model for Instruction-Guided Image Editingcited by 59
  3. 2024LightIt: Illumination Modeling and Control for Diffusion Modelscited by 56
  4. 2024Commonsense-T2I Challenge: Can Text-to-Image Generation Models Understand Commonsense?cited by 52
  5. 2024VBench++: Comprehensive and Versatile Benchmark Suite for Video Generative Modelscited by 42
  6. 2024Consistency-diversity-realism Pareto fronts of conditional image generative modelscited by 35
  7. 2025VLM2-Bench: A Closer Look at How Well VLMs Implicitly Link Explicit Matching Visual Cuescited by 33
  8. 2024Holistic Evaluation for Interleaved Text-and-Image Generationcited by 26
  9. 2025textttComplex-Edit: CoT-Like Instruction Generation for Complexity-Controllable Image Editing Benchmarkcited by 25
  10. 2025MME-Unify: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Unified Multimodal Understanding and Generation Modelscited by 24
  11. 2024LoRA.rar: Learning to Merge LoRAs via Hypernetworks for Subject-Style Conditioned Image Generationcited by 19
  12. 2023DEsignBench: Exploring and Benchmarking DALL-E 3 for Imagining Visual Designcited by 17
  13. 2024Who Evaluates the Evaluations? Objectively Scoring Text-to-Image Prompt Coherence Metrics with T2IScoreScore (TS2)cited by 17
  14. 2025REALEDIT: Reddit Edits As a Large-scale Empirical Dataset for Image Transformationscited by 15
  15. 2025A Unified Agentic Framework for Evaluating Conditional Image Generationcited by 15
  16. 2024Efficient Temporal Extrapolation of Multimodal Large Language Models with Temporal Grounding Bridgecited by 14
  17. 2026Diagnosing the Reliability of LLM-as-a-Judge via Item Response Theorycited by 13
  18. 2024T2I-FactualBench: Benchmarking the Factuality of Text-to-Image Models with Knowledge-Intensive Conceptscited by 12
  19. 2025VLForgery Face Triad: Detection, Localization and Attribution via Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 12
  20. 20253DGen-Bench: Comprehensive Benchmark Suite for 3D Generative Modelscited by 12
  21. 2025MVGBench: Comprehensive Benchmark for Multi-view Generation Modelscited by 9
  22. 2024Finding the Subjective Truth: Collecting 2 Million Votes for Comprehensive Gen-AI Model Evaluationcited by 7
  23. 2024IDEA-Bench: How Far are Generative Models from Professional Designing?cited by 7
  24. 2025Visual Persona: Foundation Model for Full-Body Human Customizationcited by 7
  25. 2025The Promise of RL for Autoregressive Image Editingcited by 6
  26. 2025The Intricate Dance of Prompt Complexity, Quality, Diversity, and Consistency in T2I Modelscited by 6
  27. 2026ImagenWorld: Stress-Testing Image Generation Models with Explainable Human Evaluation on Open-ended Real-World Taskscited by 6
  28. 2024MagicNaming: Consistent Identity Generation by Finding a "Name Space" in T2I Diffusion Modelscited by 5
  29. 2025Early Timestep Zero-Shot Candidate Selection for Instruction-Guided Image Editingcited by 5
  30. 2024KITTEN: A Knowledge-Intensive Evaluation of Image Generation on Visual Entitiescited by 4
  31. 2024Image Regeneration: Evaluating Text-to-Image Model via Generating Identical Image with Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 4
  32. 2024ControlFace: Harnessing Facial Parametric Control for Face Riggingcited by 4
  33. 2025ADIEE: Automatic Dataset Creation and Scorer for Instruction-Guided Image Editing Evaluationcited by 4
  34. 2026EditHF-1M: A Million-Scale Rich Human Preference Feedback for Image Editingcited by 4
  35. 2024ExVideo: Extending Video Diffusion Models via Parameter-Efficient Post-Tuningcited by 3
  36. 2025RefVNLI: Towards Scalable Evaluation of Subject-driven Text-to-image Generationcited by 3
  37. 2025REED-VAE: RE-Encode Decode Training for Iterative Image Editing with Diffusion Modelscited by 3
  38. 2025Multimodal Language Models as Text-to-Image Model Evaluatorscited by 3

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