mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Versatile Face Animator: Driving Arbitrary 3D Facial Avatar in RGBD Space

arXiv 2308.06076 ↗First posted 11 Aug 2023cs.CV cs.MMcited by 4

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Abstract (arXiv)

Creating realistic 3D facial animation is crucial for various applications in the movie production and gaming industry, especially with the burgeoning demand in the metaverse. However, prevalent methods such as blendshape-based approaches and facial rigging techniques are time-consuming, labor-intensive, and lack standardized configurations, making facial animation production challenging and costly. In this paper, we propose a novel self-supervised framework, Versatile Face Animator, which combines facial motion capture with motion retargeting in an end-to-end manner, eliminating the need for blendshapes or rigs. Our method has the following two main characteristics: 1) we propose an RGBD animation module to learn facial motion from raw RGBD videos by hierarchical motion dictionaries and animate RGBD images rendered from 3D facial mesh coarse-to-fine, enabling facial animation on arbitrary 3D characters regardless of their topology, textures, blendshapes, and rigs; and 2) we introduce a mesh retarget module to utilize RGBD animation to create 3D facial animation by manipulating facial mesh with controller transformations, which are estimated from dense optical flow fields and blended together with geodesic-distance-based weights. Comprehensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed framework in generating impressive 3D facial animation results, highlighting its potential as a promising solution for the cost-effective and efficient production of facial animation in the metaverse.

Key facts. Cited by 4 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 27 of its 47 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 11 Aug 2023.

Builds on

27 of 47 references.

References · 27

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  12. 2020One-Shot Free-View Neural Talking-Head Synthesis for Video Conferencingcited by 444
15 more
  1. 2018Video-to-Video Synthesiscited by 390
  2. 2019Few-Shot Adversarial Learning of Realistic Neural Talking Head Modelscited by 284
  3. 2018Generating 3D faces using Convolutional Mesh Autoencoderscited by 268
  4. 2019Few-shot Video-to-Video Synthesiscited by 197
  5. 2022Depth-Aware Generative Adversarial Network for Talking Head Video Generationcited by 178
  6. 2022Latent Image Animator: Learning to Animate Images via Latent Space Navigationcited by 175
  7. 2018Nonlinear 3D Face Morphable Modelcited by 157
  8. 2018Flow-Grounded Spatial-Temporal Video Prediction from Still Imagescited by 55
  9. 2019Video Generation from Single Semantic Label Mapcited by 54
  10. 2020TransMoMo: Invariance-Driven Unsupervised Video Motion Retargetingcited by 36
  11. 2017Hierarchical Video Generation from Orthogonal Information: Optical Flow and Texturecited by 16
  12. 2020Facial Expression Retargeting from Human to Avatar Made Easycited by 13
  13. 2020Accurate Face Rig Approximation with Deep Differential Subspace Reconstructioncited by 8
  14. 2023MMFace4D: A Large-Scale Multi-Modal 4D Face Dataset for Audio-Driven 3D Face Animationcited by 8
  15. 2020Animating Through Warping: an Efficient Method for High-Quality Facial Expression Animationcited by 6

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2023: 1; 2024: 1; 2025: 1; 2026: 1.

4 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2025Instant Expressive Gaussian Head Avatars at Over 100 FPS
  2. 20243DFacePolicy: Audio-Driven 3D Facial Animation Based on Action Control
  3. 2026ViDS: Video Diffusion Shader using 3D Face Tracking
  4. 2025FaceCraft4D: Animated 3D Facial Avatar Generation from a Single Image
  5. 2024AnimateMe: 4D Facial Expressions via Diffusion Models
  6. 2024JoyVASA: Portrait and Animal Image Animation with Diffusion-Based Audio-Driven Facial Dynamics and Head Motion Generation
  7. 2026FG-Portrait: 3D Flow Guided Editable Portrait Animation
  8. 20253DiFACE: Synthesizing and Editing Holistic 3D Facial Animation