Tachikuma: Understading Complex Interactions with Multi-Character and Novel Objects by Large Language Models
On the map: World models → Video-generation world models and simulators
Abstract (arXiv)
Recent advancements in natural language and Large Language Models (LLMs) have enabled AI agents to simulate human-like interactions within virtual worlds. However, these interactions still face limitations in complexity and flexibility, particularly in scenarios involving multiple characters and novel objects. Pre-defining all interactable objects in the agent's world model presents challenges, and conveying implicit intentions to multiple characters through complex interactions remains difficult. To address these issues, we propose integrating virtual Game Masters (GMs) into the agent's world model, drawing inspiration from Tabletop Role-Playing Games (TRPGs). GMs play a crucial role in overseeing information, estimating players' intentions, providing environment descriptions, and offering feedback, compensating for current world model deficiencies. To facilitate future explorations for complex interactions, we introduce a benchmark named Tachikuma, comprising a Multiple character and novel Object based interaction Estimation (MOE) task and a supporting dataset. MOE challenges models to understand characters' intentions and accurately determine their actions within intricate contexts involving multi-character and novel object interactions. Besides, the dataset captures log data from real-time communications during gameplay, providing diverse, grounded, and complex interactions for further explorations. Finally, we present a simple prompting baseline and evaluate its performance, demonstrating its effectiveness in enhancing interaction understanding. We hope that our dataset and task will inspire further research in complex interactions with natural language, fostering the development of more advanced AI agents.
Key facts. Cited by 5 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Video-generation world models and simulators, one of 11 directions in World models. Builds on 14 of its 25 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 24 Jul 2023.
Builds on
14 of 25 references.
References · 14
- 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,199
- 2022Chain-of-Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language Modelscited by 12,302
- 2022Self-Consistency Improves Chain of Thought Reasoning in Language Modelscited by 5,601
- 2022Large Language Models are Zero-Shot Reasonerscited by 4,323
- 2023Generative Agents: Interactive Simulacra of Human Behaviorcited by 3,500
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- 2021Pre-train, Prompt, and Predict: A Systematic Survey of Prompting Methods in Natural Language Processingcited by 2,222
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- 2021A Review of Evaluation Practices of Gesture Generation in Embodied Conversational Agentscited by 24
- 2020Decoding Methods for Neural Narrative Generationcited by 18
- 2023FIREBALL: A Dataset of Dungeons and Dragons Actual-Play with Structured Game State Informationcited by 18
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2023: 3; 2024: 1; 2025: 1.
5 papers.
- 2023A Survey on Large Language Model based Autonomous Agentscited by 2,203
- 2023The Rise and Potential of Large Language Model Based Agents: A Surveycited by 1,422
- 2025CoSER: A Comprehensive Literary Dataset and Framework for Training and Evaluating LLM Role-Playing and Persona Simulationcited by 26
- 2024A Survey on Game Playing Agents and Large Models: Methods, Applications, and Challengescited by 22
- 2023Can language agents be alternatives to PPO? A Preliminary Empirical Study On OpenAI Gymcited by 2
- 2025CoSER: A Comprehensive Literary Dataset and Framework for Training and Evaluating LLM Role-Playing and Persona Simulation13 Feb 2025
- 2024A Survey on Game Playing Agents and Large Models: Methods, Applications, and Challenges15 Mar 2024
- 2023Can language agents be alternatives to PPO? A Preliminary Empirical Study On OpenAI Gym6 Dec 2023
- 2023The Rise and Potential of Large Language Model Based Agents: A Survey14 Sep 2023
- 2023A Survey on Large Language Model based Autonomous Agents22 Aug 2023
Similar, not cited
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- 2026GameWorld: Towards Standardized and Verifiable Evaluation of Multimodal Game Agents
- 2026VirtualEnv: A Platform for Embodied AI Research
- 2025Orak: A Foundational Benchmark for Training and Evaluating LLM Agents on Diverse Video Games
- 2024A Survey on Large Language Model-Based Game Agents
- 2025GVGAI-LLM: Evaluating Large Language Model Agents with Infinite Games
- 2025Hunyuan-GameCraft-2: Instruction-following Interactive Game World Model
- 2025Test-Time-Matching: Decouple Personality, Memory, and Linguistic Style in LLM-based Role-Playing Language Agent