mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

WizMap: Scalable Interactive Visualization for Exploring Large Machine Learning Embeddings

arXiv 2306.09328 ↗First posted 15 Jun 2023cs.LG cs.CL cs.CVcited by 28

Not on the map. Why?

Abstract (arXiv)

Machine learning models often learn latent embedding representations that capture the domain semantics of their training data. These embedding representations are valuable for interpreting trained models, building new models, and analyzing new datasets. However, interpreting and using embeddings can be challenging due to their opaqueness, high dimensionality, and the large size of modern datasets. To tackle these challenges, we present WizMap, an interactive visualization tool to help researchers and practitioners easily explore large embeddings. With a novel multi-resolution embedding summarization method and a familiar map-like interaction design, WizMap enables users to navigate and interpret embedding spaces with ease. Leveraging modern web technologies such as WebGL and Web Workers, WizMap scales to millions of embedding points directly in users' web browsers and computational notebooks without the need for dedicated backend servers. WizMap is open-source and available at the following public demo link: https://poloclub.github.io/wizmap.

Key facts. Cited by 28 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 27 of its 48 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 15 Jun 2023.

Builds on

27 of 48 references.

References · 27

  1. 2018BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understandingcited by 40,204
  2. 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,456
  3. 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,694
  4. 2013Efficient Estimation of Word Representations in Vector Spacecited by 4,346
  5. 2018UMAP: Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection for Dimension Reductioncited by 2,841
  6. 2018Deep contextualized word representationscited by 2,285
  7. 2016Man is to Computer Programmer as Woman is to Homemaker? Debiasing Word Embeddingscited by 1,304
  8. 2020MPNet: Masked and Permuted Pre-training for Language Understandingcited by 973
  9. 2022BERTopic: Neural topic modeling with a class-based TF-IDF procedurecited by 779
  10. 2022DiffusionDB: A Large-scale Prompt Gallery Dataset for Text-to-Image Generative Modelscited by 376
  11. 2019Transfusion: Understanding Transfer Learning for Medical Imagingcited by 366
  12. 2021With a Little Help from My Friends: Nearest-Neighbor Contrastive Learning of Visual Representationscited by 324
15 more
  1. 2017CleanNet: Transfer Learning for Scalable Image Classifier Training with Label Noisecited by 181
  2. 2016Visualizing Large-scale and High-dimensional Datacited by 79
  3. 2019BLOCK: Bilinear Superdiagonal Fusion for Visual Question Answering and Visual Relationship Detectioncited by 62
  4. 2022Generated Faces in the Wild: Quantitative Comparison of Stable Diffusion, Midjourney and DALL-E 2cited by 55
  5. 2016Embedding Projector: Interactive Visualization and Interpretation of Embeddingscited by 43
  6. 2019Embedding Comparator: Visualizing Differences in Global Structure and Local Neighborhoods via Small Multiplescited by 38
  7. 2018EmbeddingVis: A Visual Analytics Approach to Comparative Network Embedding Inspectioncited by 18
  8. 2022Emblaze: Illuminating Machine Learning Representations through Interactive Comparison of Embedding Spacescited by 16
  9. 2019embComp: Visual Interactive Comparison of Vector Embeddingscited by 15
  10. 2022Visual Comparison of Language Model Adaptationcited by 14
  11. 2020Characterizing Automated Data Insightscited by 12
  12. 2021NeuroCartography: Scalable Automatic Visual Summarization of Concepts in Deep Neural Networkscited by 12
  13. 2023Angler: Helping Machine Translation Practitioners Prioritize Model Improvementscited by 11
  14. 2022NOVA: A Practical Method for Creating Notebook-Ready Visual Analyticscited by 4
  15. 2023SuperNOVA: Design Strategies and Opportunities for Interactive Visualization in Computational Notebookscited by 3

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2023: 2; 2024: 13; 2025: 10; 2026: 3.

28 papers.

Sort:

By area:

  1. 2023"Do Anything Now": Characterizing and Evaluating In-The-Wild Jailbreak Prompts on Large Language Modelscited by 457
  2. 2024VidProM: A Million-scale Real Prompt-Gallery Dataset for Text-to-Video Diffusion Modelscited by 124
  3. 2024Farsight: Fostering Responsible AI Awareness During AI Application Prototypingcited by 28
  4. 2025VideoUFO: A Million-Scale User-Focused Dataset for Text-to-Video Generationcited by 20
  5. 2023Math Agents: Computational Infrastructure, Mathematical Embedding, and Genomicscited by 15
  6. 2024MeMemo: On-device Retrieval Augmentation for Private and Personalized Text Generationcited by 12
  7. 2024TIP-I2V: A Million-Scale Real Text and Image Prompt Dataset for Image-to-Video Generationcited by 9
  8. 2025Embedding Atlas: Low-Friction, Interactive Embedding Visualizationcited by 7
  9. 2024ASAP: Interpretable Analysis and Summarization of AI-generated Image Patterns at Scalecited by 5
  10. 2024Policy Maps: Tools for Guiding the Unbounded Space of LLM Behaviorscited by 5
  11. 2024A Large-Scale Sensitivity Analysis on Latent Embeddings and Dimensionality Reductions for Text Spatializationscited by 4
  12. 2025A Scalable Approach to Clustering Embedding Projectionscited by 3
16 more
  1. 2025Evalet: Evaluating Large Language Models through Functional Fragmentationcited by 3
  2. 2025GeneVA: A Dataset of Human Annotations for Generative Text to Video Artifactscited by 2
  3. 2025ImageGem: In-the-wild Generative Image Interaction Dataset for Generative Model Personalizationcited by 2
  4. 2025Visual Exploration of Feature Relationships in Sparse Autoencoders with Curated Conceptscited by 2
  5. 2024VERA: Generating Visual Explanations of Two-Dimensional Embeddings via Region Annotationcited by 1
  6. 2024Towards Transparency: Exploring LLM Trainings Datasets through Visual Topic Modeling and Semantic Framecited by 1
  7. 2024JailbreakHunter: A Visual Analytics Approach for Jailbreak Prompts Discovery from Large-Scale Human-LLM Conversational Datasetscited by 1
  8. 2025Interactivity x Explainability: Toward Understanding How Interactivity Can Improve Computer Vision Explanationscited by 1
  9. 2024StableSemantics: A Synthetic Language-Vision Dataset of Semantic Representations in Naturalistic Imagescited by 0
  10. 2024Interpretable Syntactic Representations Enable Hierarchical Word Vectorscited by 0
  11. 2024ClusterChat: Multi-Feature Search for Corpus Explorationcited by 0
  12. 2025AKRMap: Adaptive Kernel Regression for Trustworthy Visualization of Cross-Modal Embeddingscited by 0
  13. 2025Graphing the Truth: Structured Visualizations for Automated Hallucination Detection in LLMscited by 0
  14. 2026LatentFlow: Visual Analytics for Latent Space Analysis in Molecular Graph Neural Networkscited by 0
  15. 2026LatentVerse: A Framework for Understanding Shared and Modality-Specific Information in Multimodal Latent Representationscited by 0
  16. 2026ASAP: Visual Analytics for Identifying and Analyzing Image Patterns in AI-generated Imagescited by 0