mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Visual Exploration of Feature Relationships in Sparse Autoencoders with Curated Concepts

arXiv 2511.06048 ↗First posted 8 Nov 2025cs.CL cs.LGcited by 2

On the map: Mechanistic interpretability → SAE features and their applications

Abstract (arXiv)

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) have emerged as a powerful tool for uncovering interpretable features in large language models (LLMs) through the sparse directions they learn. However, the sheer number of extracted directions makes comprehensive exploration intractable. While conventional embedding techniques such as UMAP can reveal global structure, they suffer from limitations including high-dimensional compression artifacts, overplotting, and misleading neighborhood distortions. In this work, we propose a focused exploration framework that prioritizes curated concepts and their corresponding SAE features over attempts to visualize all available features simultaneously. We present an interactive visualization system that combines topology-based visual encoding with dimensionality reduction to faithfully represent both local and global relationships among selected features. This hybrid approach enables users to investigate SAE behavior through targeted, interpretable subsets, facilitating deeper and more nuanced analysis of concept representation in latent space.

Key facts. Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in SAE features and their applications, one of 13 directions in Mechanistic interpretability. Builds on 33 of its 44 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 8 Nov 2025.

Builds on

33 of 44 references.

Closest ancestors · 12

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2025SAEs Can Improve Unlearning: Dynamic Sparse Autoencoder Guardrails for Precision Unlearning in LLMs11 Apr
  2. 2025SAEBench: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Sparse Autoencoders in Language Model Interpretability12 Mar
  3. 2025How a Bilingual LM Becomes Bilingual: Tracing Internal Representations with Sparse Autoencoders9 Mar
  4. 2025AxBench: Steering LLMs? Even Simple Baselines Outperform Sparse Autoencoders28 Jan
  5. 2025Sparse Autoencoders Trained on the Same Data Learn Different Features28 Jan
  6. 2024Improving Steering Vectors by Targeting Sparse Autoencoder Features4 Nov
  7. 2024Automatically Interpreting Millions of Features in Large Language Models17 Oct
  8. 2024Evolution of SAE Features Across Layers in LLMs11 Oct
  9. 2024Residual Stream Analysis with Multi-Layer SAEs6 Sep
  10. 2024Jumping Ahead: Improving Reconstruction Fidelity with JumpReLU Sparse Autoencoders19 Jul
  11. 2024Scaling and evaluating sparse autoencoders6 Jun
  12. 2023Sparse Autoencoders Find Highly Interpretable Features in Language Models15 Sep

Other references · 21

  1. 2018UMAP: Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection for Dimension Reductioncited by 2,898
  2. 2022Locating and Editing Factual Associations in GPTcited by 2,691
  3. 2024Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Sizecited by 1,998
  4. 2022Toy Models of Superpositioncited by 971
  5. 2024Sparse Feature Circuits: Discovering and Editing Interpretable Causal Graphs in Language Modelscited by 435
  6. 2024Gemma Scope: Open Sparse Autoencoders Everywhere All At Once on Gemma 2cited by 394
  7. 2013k-Sparse Autoencoderscited by 215
  8. 2024Not All Language Model Features Are One-Dimensionally Linearcited by 212
  9. 2023Knowledge Editing for Large Language Models: A Surveycited by 194
  10. 2025Learning Multi-Level Features with Matryoshka Sparse Autoencoderscited by 143
  11. 2025Sparse Autoencoders Do Not Find Canonical Units of Analysiscited by 88
  12. 2016A survey of sparse representation: algorithms and applicationscited by 58
9 more
  1. 2023WizMap: Scalable Interactive Visualization for Exploring Large Machine Learning Embeddingscited by 28
  2. 2024Enhancing Neural Network Interpretability with Feature-Aligned Sparse Autoencoderscited by 25
  3. 2024Mechanistic Permutability: Match Features Across Layerscited by 22
  4. 2025Prisma: An Open Source Toolkit for Mechanistic Interpretability in Vision and Videocited by 21
  5. 2020Mapper Interactive: A Scalable, Extendable, and Interactive Toolbox for the Visual Exploration of High-Dimensional Datacited by 7
  6. 2024Abstraction Alignment: Comparing Model-Learned and Human-Encoded Conceptual Relationshipscited by 7
  7. 2025Embedding Atlas: Low-Friction, Interactive Embedding Visualizationcited by 7
  8. 2019TopoAct: Visually Exploring the Shape of Activations in Deep Learningcited by 4
  9. 2025Explainable Mapper: Charting LLM Embedding Spaces Using Perturbation-Based Explanation and Verification Agentscited by 4

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 1; 2026: 1.

2 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2026Navigating the Concept Space of Language Models
  2. 2025Probing the Representational Power of Sparse Autoencoders in Vision Models
  3. 2026Do Sparse Autoencoders Learn Meaningful Concept Hierarchies?
  4. 2024Disentangling Dense Embeddings with Sparse Autoencoders
  5. 2025Interpretable Embeddings with Sparse Autoencoders: A Data Analysis Toolkit
  6. 2025Sparse Shift Autoencoders for Identifying Concepts from Large Language Model Activations
  7. 2025Concept-SAE: A Controllable and Invertible Concept Interface for Sparse Autoencoders
  8. 2025Are Sparse Autoencoders Useful? A Case Study in Sparse Probing