mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

RoboBEV: Towards Robust Bird's Eye View Perception under Corruptions

arXiv 2304.06719 ↗First posted 13 Apr 2023cs.CV cs.ROcited by 42

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Abstract (arXiv)

The recent advances in camera-based bird's eye view (BEV) representation exhibit great potential for in-vehicle 3D perception. Despite the substantial progress achieved on standard benchmarks, the robustness of BEV algorithms has not been thoroughly examined, which is critical for safe operations. To bridge this gap, we introduce RoboBEV, a comprehensive benchmark suite that encompasses eight distinct corruptions, including Bright, Dark, Fog, Snow, Motion Blur, Color Quant, Camera Crash, and Frame Lost. Based on it, we undertake extensive evaluations across a wide range of BEV-based models to understand their resilience and reliability. Our findings indicate a strong correlation between absolute performance on in-distribution and out-of-distribution datasets. Nonetheless, there are considerable variations in relative performance across different approaches. Our experiments further demonstrate that pre-training and depth-free BEV transformation has the potential to enhance out-of-distribution robustness. Additionally, utilizing long and rich temporal information largely helps with robustness. Our findings provide valuable insights for designing future BEV models that can achieve both accuracy and robustness in real-world deployments.

Key facts. Cited by 42 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 45 of its 53 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 13 Apr 2023.

Builds on

45 of 53 references.

References · 45

  1. 2021Swin Transformer: Hierarchical Vision Transformer using Shifted Windowscited by 12,082
  2. 2020End-to-End Object Detection with Transformerscited by 7,384
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  7. 2016Towards Evaluating the Robustness of Neural Networkscited by 2,976
  8. 2019Benchmarking Neural Network Robustness to Common Corruptions and Perturbationscited by 2,857
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  12. 2019Do ImageNet Classifiers Generalize to ImageNet?cited by 1,507
33 more
  1. 2019Natural Adversarial Examplescited by 1,401
  2. 2017VoxelNet: End-to-End Learning for Point Cloud Based 3D Object Detectioncited by 1,323
  3. 2022BEVFormer: Learning Bird's-Eye-View Representation from Multi-Camera Images via Spatiotemporal Transformerscited by 1,213
  4. 2020Lift, Splat, Shoot: Encoding Images From Arbitrary Camera Rigs by Implicitly Unprojecting to 3Dcited by 1,040
  5. 2022BEVFusion: Multi-Task Multi-Sensor Fusion with Unified Bird's-Eye View Representationcited by 844
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  7. 2021BEVDet: High-performance Multi-camera 3D Object Detection in Bird-Eye-Viewcited by 711
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  11. 2016Delving into Transferable Adversarial Examples and Black-box Attackscited by 530
  12. 2017Adversarial Patchcited by 514
  13. 2020Sparse R-CNN: End-to-End Object Detection with Learnable Proposalscited by 494
  14. 2019PointPainting: Sequential Fusion for 3D Object Detectioncited by 449
  15. 2021FCOS3D: Fully Convolutional One-Stage Monocular 3D Object Detectioncited by 444
  16. 20193D Packing for Self-Supervised Monocular Depth Estimationcited by 437
  17. 2019Class-balanced Grouping and Sampling for Point Cloud 3D Object Detectioncited by 350
  18. 2017Adversarial Examples for Semantic Segmentation and Object Detectioncited by 275
  19. 2021Is Pseudo-Lidar needed for Monocular 3D Object detection?cited by 248
  20. 2019CenterMask : Real-Time Anchor-Free Instance Segmentationcited by 200
  21. 2022BEVerse: Unified Perception and Prediction in Birds-Eye-View for Vision-Centric Autonomous Drivingcited by 191
  22. 2021Probabilistic and Geometric Depth: Detecting Objects in Perspectivecited by 190
  23. 2022Time Will Tell: New Outlooks and A Baseline for Temporal Multi-View 3D Object Detectioncited by 177
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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2023: 4; 2024: 15; 2025: 14; 2026: 9.

42 papers.

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  1. 2025DriveTransformer: Unified Transformer for Scalable End-to-End Autonomous Drivingcited by 125
  2. 2024Multi-Modal Data-Efficient 3D Scene Understanding for Autonomous Drivingcited by 53
  3. 2024A Survey on Occupancy Perception for Autonomous Driving: The Information Fusion Perspectivecited by 37
  4. 2023UniWorld: Autonomous Driving Pre-training via World Modelscited by 32
  5. 2024Is Your HD Map Constructor Reliable under Sensor Corruptions?cited by 28
  6. 2024Is Your LiDAR Placement Optimized for 3D Scene Understanding?cited by 25
  7. 2024Multi-Space Alignments Towards Universal LiDAR Segmentationcited by 24
  8. 2024The RoboDrive Challenge: Drive Anytime Anywhere in Any Conditioncited by 23
  9. 2024MultiCorrupt: A Multi-Modal Robustness Dataset and Benchmark of LiDAR-Camera Fusion for 3D Object Detectioncited by 17
  10. 2024OccFeat: Self-supervised Occupancy Feature Prediction for Pretraining BEV Segmentation Networkscited by 17
  11. 2025MSC-Bench: Benchmarking and Analyzing Multi-Sensor Corruption for Driving Perceptioncited by 15
  12. 2023The RoboDepth Challenge: Methods and Advancements Towards Robust Depth Estimationcited by 13
30 more
  1. 2023UniM2AE: Multi-modal Masked Autoencoders with Unified 3D Representation for 3D Perception in Autonomous Drivingcited by 12
  2. 2024An Empirical Study of Training State-of-the-Art LiDAR Segmentation Modelscited by 12
  3. 2025SafeMap: Robust HD Map Construction from Incomplete Observationscited by 12
  4. 2024Calib3D: Calibrating Model Preferences for Reliable 3D Scene Understandingcited by 11
  5. 2025What Really Matters for Robust Multi-Sensor HD Map Construction?cited by 9
  6. 2025RoboDriveVLM: A Novel Benchmark and Baseline towards Robust Vision-Language Models for Autonomous Drivingcited by 8
  7. 2024Robust Bird's Eye View Segmentation by Adapting DINOv2cited by 6
  8. 2025Foundation Models for Autonomous Driving Perception: A Survey Through Core Capabilitiescited by 6
  9. 2025Stability Under Scrutiny: Benchmarking Representation Paradigms for Online HD Mappingcited by 6
  10. 2024Robust Multimodal 3D Object Detection via Modality-Agnostic Decoding and Proximity-based Modality Ensemblecited by 5
  11. 2023Multi-Modal 3D Object Detection by Box Matchingcited by 4
  12. 2024GenMapping: Unleashing the Potential of Inverse Perspective Mapping for Robust Online HD Map Constructioncited by 4
  13. 2025Forging Spatial Intelligence: A Roadmap of Multi-Modal Data Pre-Training for Autonomous Systemscited by 4
  14. 2024Team Samsung-RAL: Technical Report for 2024 RoboDrive Challenge-Robust Map Segmentation Trackcited by 3
  15. 2024A Black-Box Evaluation Framework for Semantic Robustness in Bird's Eye View Detectioncited by 3
  16. 2025SAM4D: Segment Anything in Camera and LiDAR Streamscited by 3
  17. 2025See through the Dark: Learning Illumination-affined Representations for Nighttime Occupancy Predictioncited by 2
  18. 2026AsyncBEV: Cross-modal Flow Alignment in Asynchronous 3D Object Detectioncited by 2
  19. 2025Towards Benchmarking and Assessing the Safety and Robustness of Autonomous Driving on Safety-critical Scenarioscited by 1
  20. 2025Occluded nuScenes: A Multi-Sensor Dataset for Evaluating Perception Robustness in Automated Drivingcited by 1
  21. 2026RESBev: Making BEV Perception More Robustcited by 1
  22. 2026SemLT3D: Semantic-Guided Expert Distillation for Camera-only Long-Tailed 3D Object Detectioncited by 1
  23. 2025Learning to Navigate Socially Through Proactive Risk Perceptioncited by 0
  24. 2025Evaluating the Impact of Weather-Induced Sensor Occlusion on BEVFusion for 3D Object Detectioncited by 0
  25. 2026Instance-Guided Radar Depth Estimation for 3D Object Detectioncited by 0
  26. 2026Multi-Modal Decouple and Recouple Network for Robust 3D Object Detectioncited by 0
  27. 2026RayD3D: Distilling Depth Knowledge Along the Ray for Robust Multi-View 3D Object Detectioncited by 0
  28. 2026Iterate or Widen? When Test-Time Refinement Helps LiDAR Scene Completion: A Controlled Study of Evidence Geometry, Training Coverage, and Computecited by 0
  29. 2026A Degradation-Tolerance Benchmark for Camera-Only End-to-End Drivingcited by 0
  30. 2026SARFusion: Scene-Aware Routing Fusion for Robust Camera-LiDAR 3D Object Detectioncited by 0