Disentangling Writer and Character Styles for Handwriting Generation
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Abstract (arXiv)
Training machines to synthesize diverse handwritings is an intriguing task. Recently, RNN-based methods have been proposed to generate stylized online Chinese characters. However, these methods mainly focus on capturing a person's overall writing style, neglecting subtle style inconsistencies between characters written by the same person. For example, while a person's handwriting typically exhibits general uniformity (e.g., glyph slant and aspect ratios), there are still small style variations in finer details (e.g., stroke length and curvature) of characters. In light of this, we propose to disentangle the style representations at both writer and character levels from individual handwritings to synthesize realistic stylized online handwritten characters. Specifically, we present the style-disentangled Transformer (SDT), which employs two complementary contrastive objectives to extract the style commonalities of reference samples and capture the detailed style patterns of each sample, respectively. Extensive experiments on various language scripts demonstrate the effectiveness of SDT. Notably, our empirical findings reveal that the two learned style representations provide information at different frequency magnitudes, underscoring the importance of separate style extraction. Our source code is public at: https://github.com/dailenson/SDT.
Key facts. Cited by 35 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 38 of its 66 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 26 Mar 2023.
Builds on
38 of 66 references.
References · 38
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- 2021Self-Supervised Aggregation of Diverse Experts for Test-Agnostic Long-Tailed Recognitioncited by 95
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- 2021Dual Contrastive Learning for Unsupervised Image-to-Image Translationcited by 65
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- 2018Generating Handwritten Chinese Characters using CycleGANcited by 21
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- 2022Complex Handwriting Trajectory Recovery: Evaluation Metrics and Algorithmcited by 9
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Citing papers per year: 2023: 3; 2024: 9; 2025: 10; 2026: 13.
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- 2024DeepIcon: A Hierarchical Network for Layer-wise Icon Vectorization21 Oct 2024
- 2024Decoupling Layout from Glyph in Online Chinese Handwriting Generation3 Oct 2024
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- 2024Diffusion-Driven Data Replay: A Novel Approach to Combat Forgetting in Federated Class Continual Learning2 Sep 2024
- 2024KMTalk: Speech-Driven 3D Facial Animation with Key Motion Embedding2 Sep 2024
- 2024Zero-Shot Paragraph-level Handwriting Imitation with Latent Diffusion Models1 Sep 2024
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- 2023HiPA: Enabling One-Step Text-to-Image Diffusion Models via High-Frequency-Promoting Adaptation30 Nov 2023
- 2023Cross-Ray Neural Radiance Fields for Novel-view Synthesis from Unconstrained Image Collections16 Jul 2023
- 2023Perception and Semantic Aware Regularization for Sequential Confidence Calibration31 May 2023
- 2024Diffusion-Driven Data Replay: A Novel Approach to Combat Forgetting in Federated Class Continual Learningcited by 23
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- 2026DiffMath: Symbol- and Graph-Aware Latent Diffusion Transformer for Handwritten Mathematical Expression Generationcited by 0
- 2026DiffMath: Symbol- and Graph-Aware Latent Diffusion Transformer for Handwritten Mathematical Expression Generation18 Jun 2026
- 2026OrbitNVS: Harnessing Video Diffusion Priors for Novel View Synthesis20 Mar 2026
- 2025DiffInk: Glyph- and Style-Aware Latent Diffusion Transformer for Text to Online Handwriting Generation28 Sep 2025
- 2025Layout Stroke Imitation: A Layout Guided Handwriting Stroke Generation for Style Imitation with Diffusion Model19 Sep 2025
- 2024Diffusion-Driven Data Replay: A Novel Approach to Combat Forgetting in Federated Class Continual Learning2 Sep 2024
- 2024Zero-Shot Paragraph-level Handwriting Imitation with Latent Diffusion Models1 Sep 2024
- 2023HiPA: Enabling One-Step Text-to-Image Diffusion Models via High-Frequency-Promoting Adaptation30 Nov 2023
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- 2024Decoupling Layout from Glyph in Online Chinese Handwriting Generationcited by 7
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- 2026Learning Hierarchical and Geometry-Aware Graph Representations for Text-to-CAD11 Apr 2026
- 2026BoundInk: Boundary-Aware Online Handwriting Generation2 Apr 2026
- 2026One step further with Monte-Carlo sampler to guide diffusion better4 Mar 2026
- 2026ScribeTokens: Fixed-Vocabulary Tokenization of Digital Ink3 Mar 2026
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- 2026Telling Human and Machine Handwriting Apart16 Jan 2026
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12 newest of 27 All 27 (JSON)