CF-Font: Content Fusion for Few-shot Font Generation
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Abstract (arXiv)
Content and style disentanglement is an effective way to achieve few-shot font generation. It allows to transfer the style of the font image in a source domain to the style defined with a few reference images in a target domain. However, the content feature extracted using a representative font might not be optimal. In light of this, we propose a content fusion module (CFM) to project the content feature into a linear space defined by the content features of basis fonts, which can take the variation of content features caused by different fonts into consideration. Our method also allows to optimize the style representation vector of reference images through a lightweight iterative style-vector refinement (ISR) strategy. Moreover, we treat the 1D projection of a character image as a probability distribution and leverage the distance between two distributions as the reconstruction loss (namely projected character loss, PCL). Compared to L2 or L1 reconstruction loss, the distribution distance pays more attention to the global shape of characters. We have evaluated our method on a dataset of 300 fonts with 6.5k characters each. Experimental results verify that our method outperforms existing state-of-the-art few-shot font generation methods by a large margin. The source code can be found at https://github.com/wangchi95/CF-Font.
Key facts. Cited by 26 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 32 of its 48 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 24 Mar 2023.
Builds on
32 of 48 references.
References · 32
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- 2018The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Deep Features as a Perceptual Metriccited by 11,029
- 2016Image-to-Image Translation with Conditional Adversarial Networkscited by 4,510
- 2017Arbitrary Style Transfer in Real-time with Adaptive Instance Normalizationcited by 1,998
- 2018Spectral Normalization for Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 1,618
- 2017High-Resolution Image Synthesis and Semantic Manipulation with Conditional GANscited by 1,176
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- 2018Self-Attention Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 809
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- 2017Geometric GANcited by 232
20 more
- 2019Few-Shot Unsupervised Image-to-Image Translationcited by 222
- 2016Semantic Image Inpainting with Deep Generative Modelscited by 156
- 2017One-Sided Unsupervised Domain Mappingcited by 91
- 2021DG-Font: Deformable Generative Networks for Unsupervised Font Generationcited by 70
- 2017Separating Style and Content for Generalized Style Transfercited by 64
- 2020Rethinking the Truly Unsupervised Image-to-Image Translationcited by 56
- 2020Few-shot Font Generation with Localized Style Representations and Factorizationcited by 47
- 2021Multiple Heads are Better than One: Few-shot Font Generation with Multiple Localized Expertscited by 46
- 2020Few-shot Compositional Font Generation with Dual Memorycited by 44
- 2021Diagonal Attention and Style-based GAN for Content-Style Disentanglement in Image Generation and Translationcited by 35
- 2022Few-Shot Font Generation by Learning Fine-Grained Local Stylescited by 34
- 2022Look Closer to Supervise Better: One-Shot Font Generation via Component-Based Discriminatorcited by 32
- 2017Auto-Encoder Guided GAN for Chinese Calligraphy Synthesiscited by 29
- 2018Style and Content Disentanglement in Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 29
- 2017Learning to Write Stylized Chinese Characters by Reading a Handful of Examplescited by 28
- 2020CalliGAN: Style and Structure-aware Chinese Calligraphy Character Generatorcited by 28
- 2022XMP-Font: Self-Supervised Cross-Modality Pre-training for Few-Shot Font Generationcited by 18
- 2019Gated-GAN: Adversarial Gated Networks for Multi-Collection Style Transfercited by 17
- 2018Pyramid Embedded Generative Adversarial Network for Automated Font Generationcited by 11
- 2021The Exploitation of Distance Distributions for Clusteringcited by 1
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Citing papers per year: 2023: 4; 2024: 8; 2025: 9; 2026: 5.
26 papers.
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- 2023FontDiffuser: One-Shot Font Generation via Denoising Diffusion with Multi-Scale Content Aggregation and Style Contrastive Learningcited by 48
- 2024Group Diffusion Transformers are Unsupervised Multitask Learnerscited by 22
- 2023A Survey on Generative Modeling with Limited Data, Few Shots, and Zero Shotcited by 19
- 2024Kinetic Typography Diffusion Modelcited by 9
- 2024Intelligent Artistic Typography: A Comprehensive Review of Artistic Text Design and Generationcited by 9
- 2024Predicting the Original Appearance of Damaged Historical Documentscited by 8
- 2023VQ-Font: Few-Shot Font Generation with Structure-Aware Enhancement and Quantizationcited by 5
- 2024HFH-Font: Few-shot Chinese Font Synthesis with Higher Quality, Faster Speed, and Higher Resolutioncited by 5
- 2023Diff-Oracle: Deciphering Oracle Bone Scripts with Controllable Diffusion Modelcited by 3
- 2024Font Style Interpolation with Diffusion Modelscited by 3
- 2024CalliffusionV2: Personalized Natural Calligraphy Generation with Flexible Multi-modal Controlcited by 3
- 2025FontGuard: A Robust Font Watermarking Approach Leveraging Deep Font Knowledgecited by 3
14 more
- 2025MegaHan97K: A Large-Scale Dataset for Mega-Category Chinese Character Recognition with over 97K Categoriescited by 3
- 2025MX-Font++: Mixture of Heterogeneous Aggregation Experts for Few-shot Font Generationcited by 2
- 2025From Fragment to One Piece: A Survey on AI-Driven Graphic Designcited by 2
- 2025FontAdapter: Instant Font Adaptation in Visual Text Generationcited by 1
- 2025DA-Font: Few-Shot Font Generation via Dual-Attention Hybrid Integrationcited by 1
- 2025DiffInk: Glyph- and Style-Aware Latent Diffusion Transformer for Text to Online Handwriting Generationcited by 1
- 2026Beyond Patches: Global-aware Autoregressive Model for Multimodal Few-Shot Font Generationcited by 1
- 2026FontCrafter: High-Fidelity Element-Driven Artistic Font Creation with Visual In-Context Generationcited by 1
- 2024Text Image Generation for Low-Resource Languages with Dual Translation Learningcited by 0
- 2025AnyArtisticGlyph: Multilingual Controllable Artistic Glyph Generationcited by 0
- 2025DNA: Dual-branch Network with Adaptation for Open-Set Online Handwriting Generationcited by 0
- 2026InkDiffuser: High-Fidelity One-shot Chinese Calligraphy via Differentiable Morphological Optimizationcited by 0
- 2026SmartFont: Dynamic Condition Allocation for Few-Shot Font Generationcited by 0
- 2026Srijika: OpenType-Layout-Reusing Font Restyling for Nine Indic Scriptscited by 0
- 2026Srijika: OpenType-Layout-Reusing Font Restyling for Nine Indic Scripts4 Sep 2026
- 2026SmartFont: Dynamic Condition Allocation for Few-Shot Font Generation11 Jun 2026
- 2026InkDiffuser: High-Fidelity One-shot Chinese Calligraphy via Differentiable Morphological Optimization7 May 2026
- 2026FontCrafter: High-Fidelity Element-Driven Artistic Font Creation with Visual In-Context Generation23 Mar 2026
- 2026Beyond Patches: Global-aware Autoregressive Model for Multimodal Few-Shot Font Generation4 Jan 2026
- 2025DNA: Dual-branch Network with Adaptation for Open-Set Online Handwriting Generation27 Nov 2025
- 2025DiffInk: Glyph- and Style-Aware Latent Diffusion Transformer for Text to Online Handwriting Generation28 Sep 2025
- 2025DA-Font: Few-Shot Font Generation via Dual-Attention Hybrid Integration20 Sep 2025
- 2025FontAdapter: Instant Font Adaptation in Visual Text Generation6 Jun 2025
- 2025MegaHan97K: A Large-Scale Dataset for Mega-Category Chinese Character Recognition with over 97K Categories5 Jun 2025
- 2025AnyArtisticGlyph: Multilingual Controllable Artistic Glyph Generation7 Apr 2025
- 2025FontGuard: A Robust Font Watermarking Approach Leveraging Deep Font Knowledge4 Apr 2025
14 more
- 2025From Fragment to One Piece: A Survey on AI-Driven Graphic Design24 Mar 2025
- 2025MX-Font++: Mixture of Heterogeneous Aggregation Experts for Few-shot Font Generation4 Mar 2025
- 2024Predicting the Original Appearance of Damaged Historical Documents16 Dec 2024
- 2024Group Diffusion Transformers are Unsupervised Multitask Learners19 Oct 2024
- 2024HFH-Font: Few-shot Chinese Font Synthesis with Higher Quality, Faster Speed, and Higher Resolution9 Oct 2024
- 2024CalliffusionV2: Personalized Natural Calligraphy Generation with Flexible Multi-modal Control3 Oct 2024
- 2024Text Image Generation for Low-Resource Languages with Dual Translation Learning26 Sep 2024
- 2024Intelligent Artistic Typography: A Comprehensive Review of Artistic Text Design and Generation20 Jul 2024
- 2024Kinetic Typography Diffusion Model15 Jul 2024
- 2024Font Style Interpolation with Diffusion Models22 Feb 2024
- 2023Diff-Oracle: Deciphering Oracle Bone Scripts with Controllable Diffusion Model21 Dec 2023
- 2023FontDiffuser: One-Shot Font Generation via Denoising Diffusion with Multi-Scale Content Aggregation and Style Contrastive Learning19 Dec 2023
- 2023VQ-Font: Few-Shot Font Generation with Structure-Aware Enhancement and Quantization27 Aug 2023
- 2023A Survey on Generative Modeling with Limited Data, Few Shots, and Zero Shot26 Jul 2023
- 2023FontDiffuser: One-Shot Font Generation via Denoising Diffusion with Multi-Scale Content Aggregation and Style Contrastive Learningcited by 48
- 2024Group Diffusion Transformers are Unsupervised Multitask Learnerscited by 22
- 2024Kinetic Typography Diffusion Modelcited by 9
- 2023Diff-Oracle: Deciphering Oracle Bone Scripts with Controllable Diffusion Modelcited by 3
- 2024Font Style Interpolation with Diffusion Modelscited by 3
- 2025FontAdapter: Instant Font Adaptation in Visual Text Generationcited by 1
- 2025DiffInk: Glyph- and Style-Aware Latent Diffusion Transformer for Text to Online Handwriting Generationcited by 1
- 2025DiffInk: Glyph- and Style-Aware Latent Diffusion Transformer for Text to Online Handwriting Generation28 Sep 2025
- 2025FontAdapter: Instant Font Adaptation in Visual Text Generation6 Jun 2025
- 2024Group Diffusion Transformers are Unsupervised Multitask Learners19 Oct 2024
- 2024Kinetic Typography Diffusion Model15 Jul 2024
- 2024Font Style Interpolation with Diffusion Models22 Feb 2024
- 2023Diff-Oracle: Deciphering Oracle Bone Scripts with Controllable Diffusion Model21 Dec 2023
- 2023FontDiffuser: One-Shot Font Generation via Denoising Diffusion with Multi-Scale Content Aggregation and Style Contrastive Learning19 Dec 2023
- 2023A Survey on Generative Modeling with Limited Data, Few Shots, and Zero Shotcited by 19
- 2024Intelligent Artistic Typography: A Comprehensive Review of Artistic Text Design and Generationcited by 9
- 2024Predicting the Original Appearance of Damaged Historical Documentscited by 8
- 2023VQ-Font: Few-Shot Font Generation with Structure-Aware Enhancement and Quantizationcited by 5
- 2024HFH-Font: Few-shot Chinese Font Synthesis with Higher Quality, Faster Speed, and Higher Resolutioncited by 5
- 2024CalliffusionV2: Personalized Natural Calligraphy Generation with Flexible Multi-modal Controlcited by 3
- 2025FontGuard: A Robust Font Watermarking Approach Leveraging Deep Font Knowledgecited by 3
- 2025MegaHan97K: A Large-Scale Dataset for Mega-Category Chinese Character Recognition with over 97K Categoriescited by 3
- 2025From Fragment to One Piece: A Survey on AI-Driven Graphic Designcited by 2
- 2025DA-Font: Few-Shot Font Generation via Dual-Attention Hybrid Integrationcited by 1
- 2026Beyond Patches: Global-aware Autoregressive Model for Multimodal Few-Shot Font Generationcited by 1
- 2026FontCrafter: High-Fidelity Element-Driven Artistic Font Creation with Visual In-Context Generationcited by 1
12 most cited of 18 All 18 (JSON)
- 2026Srijika: OpenType-Layout-Reusing Font Restyling for Nine Indic Scripts4 Sep 2026
- 2026SmartFont: Dynamic Condition Allocation for Few-Shot Font Generation11 Jun 2026
- 2026InkDiffuser: High-Fidelity One-shot Chinese Calligraphy via Differentiable Morphological Optimization7 May 2026
- 2026FontCrafter: High-Fidelity Element-Driven Artistic Font Creation with Visual In-Context Generation23 Mar 2026
- 2026Beyond Patches: Global-aware Autoregressive Model for Multimodal Few-Shot Font Generation4 Jan 2026
- 2025DNA: Dual-branch Network with Adaptation for Open-Set Online Handwriting Generation27 Nov 2025
- 2025DA-Font: Few-Shot Font Generation via Dual-Attention Hybrid Integration20 Sep 2025
- 2025MegaHan97K: A Large-Scale Dataset for Mega-Category Chinese Character Recognition with over 97K Categories5 Jun 2025
- 2025AnyArtisticGlyph: Multilingual Controllable Artistic Glyph Generation7 Apr 2025
- 2025FontGuard: A Robust Font Watermarking Approach Leveraging Deep Font Knowledge4 Apr 2025
- 2025From Fragment to One Piece: A Survey on AI-Driven Graphic Design24 Mar 2025
- 2024Predicting the Original Appearance of Damaged Historical Documents16 Dec 2024
12 newest of 18 All 18 (JSON)