Connecting the Dots: Floorplan Reconstruction Using Two-Level Queries
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Abstract (arXiv)
We address 2D floorplan reconstruction from 3D scans. Existing approaches typically employ heuristically designed multi-stage pipelines. Instead, we formulate floorplan reconstruction as a single-stage structured prediction task: find a variable-size set of polygons, which in turn are variable-length sequences of ordered vertices. To solve it we develop a novel Transformer architecture that generates polygons of multiple rooms in parallel, in a holistic manner without hand-crafted intermediate stages. The model features two-level queries for polygons and corners, and includes polygon matching to make the network end-to-end trainable. Our method achieves a new state-of-the-art for two challenging datasets, Structured3D and SceneCAD, along with significantly faster inference than previous methods. Moreover, it can readily be extended to predict additional information, i.e., semantic room types and architectural elements like doors and windows. Our code and models are available at: https://github.com/ywyue/RoomFormer.
Key facts. Cited by 49 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 23 of its 39 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 28 Nov 2022.
Builds on
23 of 39 references.
References · 23
- 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 60,361
- 2014Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimizationcited by 37,240
- 2020End-to-End Object Detection with Transformerscited by 7,414
- 2017Mask R-CNNcited by 7,277
- 2020Deformable DETR: Deformable Transformers for End-to-End Object Detectioncited by 3,422
- 2017ScanNet: Richly-annotated 3D Reconstructions of Indoor Scenescited by 3,117
- 2021SegFormer: Simple and Efficient Design for Semantic Segmentation with Transformerscited by 2,940
- 2016V-Net: Fully Convolutional Neural Networks for Volumetric Medical Image Segmentationcited by 2,292
- 2021Per-Pixel Classification is Not All You Need for Semantic Segmentationcited by 1,152
- 2021TrackFormer: Multi-Object Tracking with Transformerscited by 518
- 2019Structured3D: A Large Photo-realistic Dataset for Structured 3D Modelingcited by 286
- 2021Mask2Former for Video Instance Segmentationcited by 171
11 more
- 2019PolyTransform: Deep Polygon Transformer for Instance Segmentationcited by 92
- 2021Line Segment Detection Using Transformers without Edgescited by 73
- 2022Text Spotting Transformerscited by 70
- 2020Holistically-Attracted Wireframe Parsingcited by 64
- 2020SceneCAD: Predicting Object Alignments and Layouts in RGB-D Scanscited by 44
- 2019Floor-SP: Inverse CAD for Floorplans by Sequential Room-wise Shortest Pathcited by 36
- 2018FloorNet: A Unified Framework for Floorplan Reconstruction from 3D Scanscited by 35
- 2021PlaneTR: Structure-Guided Transformers for 3D Plane Recoverycited by 33
- 2021HEAT: Holistic Edge Attention Transformer for Structured Reconstructioncited by 29
- 2021MonteFloor: Extending MCTS for Reconstructing Accurate Large-Scale Floor Planscited by 26
- 2018Floorplan-Jigsaw: Jointly Estimating Scene Layout and Aligning Partial Scanscited by 11
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Citing papers per year: 2023: 4; 2024: 15; 2025: 17; 2026: 13.
49 papers.
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- 2023OpenMask3D: Open-Vocabulary 3D Instance Segmentationcited by 289
- 2024SceneScript: Reconstructing Scenes With An Autoregressive Structured Language Modelcited by 96
- 2024OpenNeRF: Open Set 3D Neural Scene Segmentation with Pixel-Wise Features and Rendered Novel Viewscited by 69
- 2025SpatialLM: Training Large Language Models for Structured Indoor Modelingcited by 65
- 2023PolyDiffuse: Polygonal Shape Reconstruction via Guided Set Diffusion Modelscited by 38
- 2024TorchSpatial: A Location Encoding Framework and Benchmark for Spatial Representation Learningcited by 31
- 2024P2P-Bridge: Diffusion Bridges for 3D Point Cloud Denoisingcited by 18
- 2023LABELMAKER: Automatic Semantic Label Generation from RGB-D Trajectoriescited by 14
- 2024PolyRoom: Room-aware Transformer for Floorplan Reconstructioncited by 9
- 2024Generating 3D House Wireframes with Semanticscited by 8
- 2025UnLoc: Leveraging Depth Uncertainties for Floorplan Localizationcited by 8
- 2024Beyond the Frontier: Predicting Unseen Walls from Occupancy Grids by Learning from Floor Planscited by 7
37 more
- 2023ALSTER: A Local Spatio-Temporal Expert for Online 3D Semantic Reconstructioncited by 6
- 2024FRI-Net: Floorplan Reconstruction via Room-wise Implicit Representationcited by 6
- 2024RoIPoly: Vectorized Building Outline Extraction Using Vertex and Logit Embeddingscited by 6
- 2024QueSTMaps: Queryable Semantic Topological Maps for 3D Scene Understandingcited by 5
- 2024WAFFLE: Multimodal Floorplan Understanding in the Wildcited by 5
- 2025ScaleLSD: Scalable Deep Line Segment Detection Streamlinedcited by 5
- 2026FloorplanVLM: A Vision-Language Model for Floorplan Vectorizationcited by 5
- 2024Point2Graph: An End-to-end Point Cloud-based 3D Open-Vocabulary Scene Graph for Robot Navigationcited by 4
- 2025Human-in-the-Loop Local Corrections of 3D Scene Layouts via Infillingcited by 4
- 2024No More Ambiguity in 360deg Room Layout via Bi-Layout Estimationcited by 3
- 2025Unposed Sparse Views Room Layout Reconstruction in the Age of Pretrain Modelcited by 3
- 2025CAGE: Continuity-Aware edGE Network Unlocks Robust Floorplan Reconstructioncited by 3
- 2024Historical Astronomical Diagrams Decomposition in Geometric Primitivescited by 2
- 2025BADGR: Bundle Adjustment Diffusion Conditioned by GRadients for Wide-Baseline Floor Plan Reconstructioncited by 2
- 2025Open-Vocabulary Indoor Object Grounding with 3D Hierarchical Scene Graphcited by 2
- 2025PixCuboid: Room Layout Estimation from Multi-view Featuremetric Alignmentcited by 2
- 2026SoPE: Spherical Coordinate-Based Positional Embedding for Enhancing Spatial Perception of 3D LVLMscited by 2
- 2025FloorSAM: SAM-Guided Floorplan Reconstruction with Semantic-Geometric Fusioncited by 1
- 2025TUN3D: Towards Real-World Scene Understanding from Unposed Imagescited by 1
- 2025UniVector: Unified Vector Extraction via Instance-Geometry Interactioncited by 1
- 2025YOWO: You Only Walk Once to Jointly Map An Indoor Scene and Register Ceiling-mounted Camerascited by 1
- 2025HouseLayout3D: A Benchmark and Training-Free Baseline for 3D Layout Estimation in the Wildcited by 1
- 2025Fast SceneScript: Fast and Accurate Language-Based 3D Scene Understanding via Multi-Token Predictioncited by 1
- 2026Raster2Seq: Polygon Sequence Generation for Floorplan Reconstructioncited by 1
- 2026SceneAligner: 3D-Grounded Floorplan Localization in the Wildcited by 1
- 2026Scenix: Sparse-View 3D Scene Reconstruction via Executable Scene Programscited by 1
- 2024VisDiff: SDF-Guided Polygon Generation for Visibility Reconstruction and Recognitioncited by 0
- 2025Floorplan-SLAM: A Real-Time, High-Accuracy, and Long-Term Multi-Session Point-Plane SLAM for Efficient Floorplan Reconstructioncited by 0
- 2025Open-Vocabulary Semantic Segmentation with Uncertainty Alignment for Robotic Scene Understanding in Indoor Building Environmentscited by 0
- 2026Coarse Semantic Injection for LLM-Conditioned Structured Indoor Predictioncited by 0
- 2026Scaling Diverse Language Generation for 3D Visual Groundingcited by 0
- 2026Graph Neural Networks for RFID-Based Spatial Geometry Inference in Spatial AI Systemscited by 0
- 2026PolyLayout: Multi-room Manhattan Layout Estimationcited by 0
- 2026BIMScript: Material-Aware Structured Scene Programs for BIM Ingestioncited by 0
- 2026When Should a Network Emit Geometry, and When Should It Detect It? Readout, Reconciliation, and Representation in Floorplan Vectorizationcited by 0
- 2026Multimodal Floorplan Encoding: Learning Dense Modality-Invariant Representationscited by 0
- 2026MvFFN: Multi-view Floor plan Feed-forward Network for Unposed Wide-Baseline Panorama Layout Reconstructioncited by 0
- 2026MvFFN: Multi-view Floor plan Feed-forward Network for Unposed Wide-Baseline Panorama Layout Reconstruction9 Oct 2026
- 2026Multimodal Floorplan Encoding: Learning Dense Modality-Invariant Representations11 Sep 2026
- 2026When Should a Network Emit Geometry, and When Should It Detect It? Readout, Reconciliation, and Representation in Floorplan Vectorization26 Aug 2026
- 2026BIMScript: Material-Aware Structured Scene Programs for BIM Ingestion19 Aug 2026
- 2026Scenix: Sparse-View 3D Scene Reconstruction via Executable Scene Programs7 Aug 2026
- 2026PolyLayout: Multi-room Manhattan Layout Estimation4 Aug 2026
- 2026Graph Neural Networks for RFID-Based Spatial Geometry Inference in Spatial AI Systems12 Jul 2026
- 2026Scaling Diverse Language Generation for 3D Visual Grounding18 Jun 2026
- 2026SceneAligner: 3D-Grounded Floorplan Localization in the Wild21 May 2026
- 2026Coarse Semantic Injection for LLM-Conditioned Structured Indoor Prediction16 May 2026
- 2026SoPE: Spherical Coordinate-Based Positional Embedding for Enhancing Spatial Perception of 3D LVLMs26 Feb 2026
- 2026Raster2Seq: Polygon Sequence Generation for Floorplan Reconstruction9 Feb 2026
37 more
- 2026FloorplanVLM: A Vision-Language Model for Floorplan Vectorization6 Feb 2026
- 2025Fast SceneScript: Fast and Accurate Language-Based 3D Scene Understanding via Multi-Token Prediction5 Dec 2025
- 2025HouseLayout3D: A Benchmark and Training-Free Baseline for 3D Layout Estimation in the Wild2 Dec 2025
- 2025YOWO: You Only Walk Once to Jointly Map An Indoor Scene and Register Ceiling-mounted Cameras20 Nov 2025
- 2025UniVector: Unified Vector Extraction via Instance-Geometry Interaction15 Oct 2025
- 2025TUN3D: Towards Real-World Scene Understanding from Unposed Images23 Sep 2025
- 2025FloorSAM: SAM-Guided Floorplan Reconstruction with Semantic-Geometric Fusion19 Sep 2025
- 2025CAGE: Continuity-Aware edGE Network Unlocks Robust Floorplan Reconstruction18 Sep 2025
- 2025UnLoc: Leveraging Depth Uncertainties for Floorplan Localization14 Sep 2025
- 2025PixCuboid: Room Layout Estimation from Multi-view Featuremetric Alignment6 Aug 2025
- 2025Open-Vocabulary Indoor Object Grounding with 3D Hierarchical Scene Graph16 Jul 2025
- 2025ScaleLSD: Scalable Deep Line Segment Detection Streamlined11 Jun 2025
- 2025SpatialLM: Training Large Language Models for Structured Indoor Modeling9 Jun 2025
- 2025Open-Vocabulary Semantic Segmentation with Uncertainty Alignment for Robotic Scene Understanding in Indoor Building Environments29 Mar 2025
- 2025BADGR: Bundle Adjustment Diffusion Conditioned by GRadients for Wide-Baseline Floor Plan Reconstruction25 Mar 2025
- 2025Human-in-the-Loop Local Corrections of 3D Scene Layouts via Infilling14 Mar 2025
- 2025Floorplan-SLAM: A Real-Time, High-Accuracy, and Long-Term Multi-Session Point-Plane SLAM for Efficient Floorplan Reconstruction1 Mar 2025
- 2025Unposed Sparse Views Room Layout Reconstruction in the Age of Pretrain Model24 Feb 2025
- 2024WAFFLE: Multimodal Floorplan Understanding in the Wild1 Dec 2024
- 2024VisDiff: SDF-Guided Polygon Generation for Visibility Reconstruction and Recognition7 Oct 2024
- 2024Point2Graph: An End-to-end Point Cloud-based 3D Open-Vocabulary Scene Graph for Robot Navigation16 Sep 2024
- 2024P2P-Bridge: Diffusion Bridges for 3D Point Cloud Denoising29 Aug 2024
- 2024RoIPoly: Vectorized Building Outline Extraction Using Vertex and Logit Embeddings20 Jul 2024
- 2024Generating 3D House Wireframes with Semantics17 Jul 2024
- 2024FRI-Net: Floorplan Reconstruction via Room-wise Implicit Representation15 Jul 2024
- 2024PolyRoom: Room-aware Transformer for Floorplan Reconstruction15 Jul 2024
- 2024TorchSpatial: A Location Encoding Framework and Benchmark for Spatial Representation Learning21 Jun 2024
- 2024Beyond the Frontier: Predicting Unseen Walls from Occupancy Grids by Learning from Floor Plans13 Jun 2024
- 2024No More Ambiguity in 360deg Room Layout via Bi-Layout Estimation15 Apr 2024
- 2024QueSTMaps: Queryable Semantic Topological Maps for 3D Scene Understanding9 Apr 2024
- 2024OpenNeRF: Open Set 3D Neural Scene Segmentation with Pixel-Wise Features and Rendered Novel Views4 Apr 2024
- 2024SceneScript: Reconstructing Scenes With An Autoregressive Structured Language Model19 Mar 2024
- 2024Historical Astronomical Diagrams Decomposition in Geometric Primitives13 Mar 2024
- 2023ALSTER: A Local Spatio-Temporal Expert for Online 3D Semantic Reconstruction29 Nov 2023
- 2023LABELMAKER: Automatic Semantic Label Generation from RGB-D Trajectories20 Nov 2023
- 2023OpenMask3D: Open-Vocabulary 3D Instance Segmentation23 Jun 2023
- 2023PolyDiffuse: Polygonal Shape Reconstruction via Guided Set Diffusion Models2 Jun 2023
- 2023OpenMask3D: Open-Vocabulary 3D Instance Segmentationcited by 289
- 2024SceneScript: Reconstructing Scenes With An Autoregressive Structured Language Modelcited by 96
- 2025SpatialLM: Training Large Language Models for Structured Indoor Modelingcited by 65
- 2024TorchSpatial: A Location Encoding Framework and Benchmark for Spatial Representation Learningcited by 31
- 2024P2P-Bridge: Diffusion Bridges for 3D Point Cloud Denoisingcited by 18
- 2023LABELMAKER: Automatic Semantic Label Generation from RGB-D Trajectoriescited by 14
- 2024PolyRoom: Room-aware Transformer for Floorplan Reconstructioncited by 9
- 2024Generating 3D House Wireframes with Semanticscited by 8
- 2025UnLoc: Leveraging Depth Uncertainties for Floorplan Localizationcited by 8
- 2024Beyond the Frontier: Predicting Unseen Walls from Occupancy Grids by Learning from Floor Planscited by 7
- 2023ALSTER: A Local Spatio-Temporal Expert for Online 3D Semantic Reconstructioncited by 6
- 2024FRI-Net: Floorplan Reconstruction via Room-wise Implicit Representationcited by 6
12 most cited of 45 All 45 (JSON)
- 2026MvFFN: Multi-view Floor plan Feed-forward Network for Unposed Wide-Baseline Panorama Layout Reconstruction9 Oct 2026
- 2026Multimodal Floorplan Encoding: Learning Dense Modality-Invariant Representations11 Sep 2026
- 2026When Should a Network Emit Geometry, and When Should It Detect It? Readout, Reconciliation, and Representation in Floorplan Vectorization26 Aug 2026
- 2026BIMScript: Material-Aware Structured Scene Programs for BIM Ingestion19 Aug 2026
- 2026Scenix: Sparse-View 3D Scene Reconstruction via Executable Scene Programs7 Aug 2026
- 2026PolyLayout: Multi-room Manhattan Layout Estimation4 Aug 2026
- 2026Graph Neural Networks for RFID-Based Spatial Geometry Inference in Spatial AI Systems12 Jul 2026
- 2026Scaling Diverse Language Generation for 3D Visual Grounding18 Jun 2026
- 2026SceneAligner: 3D-Grounded Floorplan Localization in the Wild21 May 2026
- 2026Coarse Semantic Injection for LLM-Conditioned Structured Indoor Prediction16 May 2026
- 2026Raster2Seq: Polygon Sequence Generation for Floorplan Reconstruction9 Feb 2026
- 2026FloorplanVLM: A Vision-Language Model for Floorplan Vectorization6 Feb 2026
12 newest of 45 All 45 (JSON)