BVI-VFI: A Video Quality Database for Video Frame Interpolation
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
Video frame interpolation (VFI) is a fundamental research topic in video processing, which is currently attracting increased attention across the research community. While the development of more advanced VFI algorithms has been extensively researched, there remains little understanding of how humans perceive the quality of interpolated content and how well existing objective quality assessment methods perform when measuring the perceived quality. In order to narrow this research gap, we have developed a new video quality database named BVI-VFI, which contains 540 distorted sequences generated by applying five commonly used VFI algorithms to 36 diverse source videos with various spatial resolutions and frame rates. We collected more than 10,800 quality ratings for these videos through a large scale subjective study involving 189 human subjects. Based on the collected subjective scores, we further analysed the influence of VFI algorithms and frame rates on the perceptual quality of interpolated videos. Moreover, we benchmarked the performance of 33 classic and state-of-the-art objective image/video quality metrics on the new database, and demonstrated the urgent requirement for more accurate bespoke quality assessment methods for VFI. To facilitate further research in this area, we have made BVI-VFI publicly available at https://github.com/danier97/BVI-VFI-database.
Key facts. Cited by 7 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 61 of its 134 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 3 Oct 2022.
Builds on
61 of 134 references.
References · 61
- 2018The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Deep Features as a Perceptual Metriccited by 11,029
- 2017Deformable Convolutional Networkscited by 1,481
- 2020Image Quality Assessment: Unifying Structure and Texture Similaritycited by 792
- 2017Video Enhancement with Task-Oriented Flowcited by 612
- 2017Super SloMo: High Quality Estimation of Multiple Intermediate Frames for Video Interpolationcited by 321
- 2020Softmax Splatting for Video Frame Interpolationcited by 276
- 2019Depth-Aware Video Frame Interpolationcited by 232
- 2016Deep Neural Networks for No-Reference and Full-Reference Image Quality Assessmentcited by 224
- 2017Video Frame Interpolation via Adaptive Separable Convolutioncited by 211
- 2020Real-Time Intermediate Flow Estimation for Video Frame Interpolationcited by 211
- 2017Video Frame Synthesis using Deep Voxel Flowcited by 209
- 2013Gradient Magnitude Similarity Deviation: A Highly Efficient Perceptual Image Quality Indexcited by 193
38 more
- 2022FAST-VQA: Efficient End-to-end Video Quality Assessment with Fragment Samplingcited by 179
- 2017Video Frame Interpolation via Adaptive Convolutioncited by 158
- 2018PieAPP: Perceptual Image-Error Assessment through Pairwise Preferencecited by 158
- 2018Context-aware Synthesis for Video Frame Interpolationcited by 153
- 2021TimeLens: Event-based Video Frame Interpolationcited by 150
- 2022FILM: Frame Interpolation for Large Motioncited by 149
- 2019Quadratic video interpolationcited by 143
- 2020UGC-VQA: Benchmarking Blind Video Quality Assessment for User Generated Contentcited by 140
- 2019AdaCoF: Adaptive Collaboration of Flows for Video Frame Interpolationcited by 133
- 2018Large-Scale Study of Perceptual Video Qualitycited by 127
- 2021XVFI: eXtreme Video Frame Interpolationcited by 123
- 2021Video Frame Interpolation Transformercited by 122
- 2020BMBC:Bilateral Motion Estimation with Bilateral Cost Volume for Video Interpolationcited by 117
- 2018MEMC-Net: Motion Estimation and Motion Compensation Driven Neural Network for Video Interpolation and Enhancementcited by 111
- 2022Time Lens++: Event-based Frame Interpolation with Parametric Non-linear Flow and Multi-scale Fusioncited by 110
- 2022IFRNet: Intermediate Feature Refine Network for Efficient Frame Interpolationcited by 107
- 2021Asymmetric Bilateral Motion Estimation for Video Frame Interpolationcited by 101
- 2021RAPIQUE: Rapid and Accurate Video Quality Prediction of User Generated Contentcited by 100
- 2020FLAVR: Flow-Agnostic Video Representations for Fast Frame Interpolationcited by 97
- 2021Image Quality Assessment using Contrastive Learningcited by 95
- 2021Deep Animation Video Interpolation in the Wildcited by 65
- 2020Multiple Video Frame Interpolation via Enhanced Deformable Separable Convolutioncited by 62
- 2018PhaseNet for Video Frame Interpolationcited by 61
- 2020Blurry Video Frame Interpolationcited by 57
- 2021CDFI: Compression-Driven Network Design for Frame Interpolationcited by 55
- 2020Enhanced Quadratic Video Interpolationcited by 48
- 2019Unsupervised Video Interpolation Using Cycle Consistencycited by 44
- 2022Many-to-many Splatting for Efficient Video Frame Interpolationcited by 42
- 2022TimeReplayer: Unlocking the Potential of Event Cameras for Video Interpolationcited by 37
- 2021ST-MFNet: A Spatio-Temporal Multi-Flow Network for Frame Interpolationcited by 34
- 2022FloLPIPS: A Bespoke Video Quality Metric for Frame Interpoationcited by 34
- 2020ST-GREED: Space-Time Generalized Entropic Differences for Frame Rate Dependent Video Quality Predictioncited by 33
- 2020Subjective and Objective Quality Assessment of High Frame Rate Videoscited by 24
- 2021Video Frame Interpolation without Temporal Priorscited by 24
- 2021ChipQA: No-Reference Video Quality Prediction via Space-Time Chipscited by 22
- 2019C3DVQA: Full-Reference Video Quality Assessment with 3D Convolutional Neural Networkcited by 21
- 2022Splatting-based Synthesis for Video Frame Interpolationcited by 20
- 2021A Subjective and Objective Study of Space-Time Subsampled Video Qualitycited by 14
50 most cited of 61 All 61 (JSON)
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2024: 2; 2025: 3; 2026: 2.
7 papers.
- 2024Video Quality Assessment: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 15
- 2025AceVFI: A Comprehensive Survey of Advances in Video Frame Interpolationcited by 8
- 2026The Pulse of Motion: Measuring Physical Frame Rate from Visual Dynamicscited by 7
- 2025VFRTok: Variable Frame Rates Video Tokenizer with Duration-Proportional Information Assumptioncited by 4
- 2024BVI-UGC: A Video Quality Database for User-Generated Content Transcodingcited by 2
- 2025An Efficient Quality Metric for Video Frame Interpolation Based on Motion-Field Divergencecited by 1
- 2026Community-Aware Assessment of Social Textual Engagement and Resonance: A Human-Centric Perspective on User-Generated Content Evaluationcited by 0
- 2026Community-Aware Assessment of Social Textual Engagement and Resonance: A Human-Centric Perspective on User-Generated Content Evaluation1 Jun 2026
- 2026The Pulse of Motion: Measuring Physical Frame Rate from Visual Dynamics15 Mar 2026
- 2025An Efficient Quality Metric for Video Frame Interpolation Based on Motion-Field Divergence1 Oct 2025
- 2025AceVFI: A Comprehensive Survey of Advances in Video Frame Interpolation1 Jun 2025
- 2025VFRTok: Variable Frame Rates Video Tokenizer with Duration-Proportional Information Assumption17 May 2025
- 2024Video Quality Assessment: A Comprehensive Survey4 Dec 2024
- 2024BVI-UGC: A Video Quality Database for User-Generated Content Transcoding13 Aug 2024