mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Real-Time Intermediate Flow Estimation for Video Frame Interpolation

arXiv 2011.06294 ↗First posted 12 Nov 2020cs.CV cs.LGcited by 211

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Cited by 48 in Diffusion models, but placed by its own abstract, which didn’t fit.

Abstract (arXiv)

Real-time video frame interpolation (VFI) is very useful in video processing, media players, and display devices. We propose RIFE, a Real-time Intermediate Flow Estimation algorithm for VFI. To realize a high-quality flow-based VFI method, RIFE uses a neural network named IFNet that can estimate the intermediate flows end-to-end with much faster speed. A privileged distillation scheme is designed for stable IFNet training and improve the overall performance. RIFE does not rely on pre-trained optical flow models and can support arbitrary-timestep frame interpolation with the temporal encoding input. Experiments demonstrate that RIFE achieves state-of-the-art performance on several public benchmarks. Compared with the popular SuperSlomo and DAIN methods, RIFE is 4--27 times faster and produces better results. Furthermore, RIFE can be extended to wider applications thanks to temporal encoding. The code is available at https://github.com/megvii-research/ECCV2022-RIFE.

Key facts. Cited by 211 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 12 Nov 2020.

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2022: 10; 2023: 40; 2024: 57; 2025: 58; 2026: 46.

211 papers.

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  1. 2023ControlVideo: Training-free Controllable Text-to-Video Generationcited by 324
  2. 2023AMT: All-Pairs Multi-Field Transforms for Efficient Frame Interpolationcited by 177
  3. 2024Identity-Preserving Text-to-Video Generation by Frequency Decompositioncited by 155
  4. 2024MiraData: A Large-Scale Video Dataset with Long Durations and Structured Captionscited by 144
  5. 2023DiffTalk: Crafting Diffusion Models for Generalized Audio-Driven Portraits Animationcited by 136
  6. 2025Frame Context Packing and Drift Prevention in Next-Frame-Prediction Video Diffusion Modelscited by 126
  7. 2023Consistent4D: Consistent 360deg Dynamic Object Generation from Monocular Videocited by 124
  8. 2024GaussianFlow: Splatting Gaussian Dynamics for 4D Content Creationcited by 99
  9. 2023LDMVFI: Video Frame Interpolation with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 88
  10. 2023FlowVid: Taming Imperfect Optical Flows for Consistent Video-to-Video Synthesiscited by 79
  11. 2024ToonCrafter: Generative Cartoon Interpolationcited by 68
  12. 2024CV-VAE: A Compatible Video VAE for Latent Generative Video Modelscited by 68
38 more
  1. 2024Video Interpolation with Diffusion Modelscited by 67
  2. 2024Controlling Space and Time with Diffusion Modelscited by 65
  3. 2023Dense Optical Tracking: Connecting the Dotscited by 58
  4. 2024Comp4D: LLM-Guided Compositional 4D Scene Generationcited by 50
  5. 2024MarDini: Masked Autoregressive Diffusion for Video Generation at Scalecited by 49
  6. 2023Towards Explainable In-the-Wild Video Quality Assessment: A Database and a Language-Prompted Approachcited by 45
  7. 2024Efficient4D: Fast Dynamic 3D Object Generation from a Single-view Videocited by 44
  8. 2023DNeRV: Modeling Inherent Dynamics via Difference Neural Representation for Videoscited by 42
  9. 2024Slicedit: Zero-Shot Video Editing With Text-to-Image Diffusion Models Using Spatio-Temporal Slicescited by 40
  10. 2022A Unified Pyramid Recurrent Network for Video Frame Interpolationcited by 39
  11. 2024Looking Backward: Streaming Video-to-Video Translation with Feature Bankscited by 38
  12. 2024TANGO: Co-Speech Gesture Video Reenactment with Hierarchical Audio Motion Embedding and Diffusion Interpolationcited by 32
  13. 2025FlashVideo: Flowing Fidelity to Detail for Efficient High-Resolution Video Generationcited by 32
  14. 2024Sparse Global Matching for Video Frame Interpolation with Large Motioncited by 27
  15. 2023Mask Propagation for Efficient Video Semantic Segmentationcited by 26
  16. 2024AvatarGO: Zero-shot 4D Human-Object Interaction Generation and Animationcited by 25
  17. 2025The Tenth NTIRE 2025 Efficient Super-Resolution Challenge Reportcited by 25
  18. 2025Event-Based Video Frame Interpolation With Cross-Modal Asymmetric Bidirectional Motion Fieldscited by 24
  19. 2023BiFormer: Learning Bilateral Motion Estimation via Bilateral Transformer for 4K Video Frame Interpolationcited by 23
  20. 2024Repurposing Pre-trained Video Diffusion Models for Event-based Video Interpolationcited by 23
  21. 2024Generative Inbetweening through Frame-wise Conditions-Driven Video Generationcited by 23
  22. 2024VFIMamba: Video Frame Interpolation with State Space Modelscited by 22
  23. 2023Generalizing Event-Based Motion Deblurring in Real-World Scenarioscited by 20
  24. 2023AccFlow: Backward Accumulation for Long-Range Optical Flowcited by 19
  25. 2024ViBiDSampler: Enhancing Video Interpolation Using Bidirectional Diffusion Samplercited by 19
  26. 2025EDEN: Enhanced Diffusion for High-quality Large-motion Video Frame Interpolationcited by 19
  27. 2022B-CANF: Adaptive B-frame Coding with Conditional Augmented Normalizing Flowscited by 18
  28. 2025BARD-GS: Blur-Aware Reconstruction of Dynamic Scenes via Gaussian Splattingcited by 18
  29. 2022Exploring Motion Ambiguity and Alignment for High-Quality Video Frame Interpolationcited by 17
  30. 2025PMQ-VE: Progressive Multi-Frame Quantization for Video Enhancementcited by 17
  31. 2024Generalizable Implicit Motion Modeling for Video Frame Interpolationcited by 16
  32. 2023SAMFlow: Eliminating Any Fragmentation in Optical Flow with Segment Anything Modelcited by 15
  33. 2024EF-3DGS: Event-Aided Free-Trajectory 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 15
  34. 2025SketchVideo: Sketch-based Video Generation and Editingcited by 15
  35. 2022TTVFI: Learning Trajectory-Aware Transformer for Video Frame Interpolationcited by 14
  36. 2023Hierarchical B-frame Video Coding Using Two-Layer CANF without Motion Codingcited by 14
  37. 2024UniPaint: Unified Space-time Video Inpainting via Mixture-of-Expertscited by 13
  38. 2024BiM-VFI: Bidirectional Motion Field-Guided Frame Interpolation for Video with Non-uniform Motionscited by 13

50 most cited of 211 All 211 (JSON)