mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Visual Speech Recognition for Multiple Languages in the Wild

arXiv 2202.13084 ↗First posted 26 Feb 2022cs.CV cs.SD eess.AScited by 94

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Abstract (arXiv)

Visual speech recognition (VSR) aims to recognize the content of speech based on lip movements, without relying on the audio stream. Advances in deep learning and the availability of large audio-visual datasets have led to the development of much more accurate and robust VSR models than ever before. However, these advances are usually due to the larger training sets rather than the model design. Here we demonstrate that designing better models is equally as important as using larger training sets. We propose the addition of prediction-based auxiliary tasks to a VSR model, and highlight the importance of hyperparameter optimization and appropriate data augmentations. We show that such a model works for different languages and outperforms all previous methods trained on publicly available datasets by a large margin. It even outperforms models that were trained on non-publicly available datasets containing up to to 21 times more data. We show, furthermore, that using additional training data, even in other languages or with automatically generated transcriptions, results in further improvement.

Key facts. Cited by 94 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 58 of its 87 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 26 Feb 2022.

Builds on

58 of 87 references.

References · 58

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2022: 8; 2023: 31; 2024: 27; 2025: 17; 2026: 11.

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  1. 2023Auto-AVSR: Audio-Visual Speech Recognition with Automatic Labelscited by 113
  2. 2022Visual Speech-Aware Perceptual 3D Facial Expression Reconstruction from Videoscited by 50
  3. 2022Jointly Learning Visual and Auditory Speech Representations from Raw Datacited by 43
  4. 2023Watch or Listen: Robust Audio-Visual Speech Recognition with Visual Corruption Modeling and Reliability Scoringcited by 42
  5. 2024Large Language Models are Strong Audio-Visual Speech Recognition Learnerscited by 40
  6. 2022u-HuBERT: Unified Mixed-Modal Speech Pretraining And Zero-Shot Transfer to Unlabeled Modalitycited by 36
  7. 2022SVTS: Scalable Video-to-Speech Synthesiscited by 35
  8. 2022VATLM: Visual-Audio-Text Pre-Training with Unified Masked Prediction for Speech Representation Learningcited by 34
  9. 2024Where Visual Speech Meets Language: VSP-LLM Framework for Efficient and Context-Aware Visual Speech Processingcited by 29
  10. 2025Human Motion Video Generation: A Surveycited by 25
  11. 2023AV-data2vec: Self-supervised Learning of Audio-Visual Speech Representations with Contextualized Target Representationscited by 24
  12. 2022Training Strategies for Improved Lip-readingcited by 23
38 more
  1. 2023Audio-Visual Efficient Conformer for Robust Speech Recognitioncited by 22
  2. 2023SynthVSR: Scaling Up Visual Speech Recognition With Synthetic Supervisioncited by 20
  3. 2024BRAVEn: Improving Self-Supervised Pre-training for Visual and Auditory Speech Recognitioncited by 20
  4. 2025MMS-LLaMA: Efficient LLM-based Audio-Visual Speech Recognition with Minimal Multimodal Speech Tokenscited by 19
  5. 2023AKVSR: Audio Knowledge Empowered Visual Speech Recognition by Compressing Audio Knowledge of a Pretrained Modelcited by 16
  6. 2023Lip Reading for Low-resource Languages by Learning and Combining General Speech Knowledge and Language-specific Knowledgecited by 16
  7. 2024Learn2Talk: 3D Talking Face Learns from 2D Talking Facecited by 16
  8. 2023AV2AV: Direct Audio-Visual Speech to Audio-Visual Speech Translation with Unified Audio-Visual Speech Representationcited by 14
  9. 2024Unified Speech Recognition: A Single Model for Auditory, Visual, and Audiovisual Inputscited by 14
  10. 2023Prompt Tuning of Deep Neural Networks for Speaker-adaptive Visual Speech Recognitioncited by 13
  11. 2023Multi-Modal Deep Learning for Credit Rating Prediction Using Text and Numerical Data Streamscited by 13
  12. 2023Visual Speech Recognition for Languages with Limited Labeled Data using Automatic Labels from Whispercited by 13
  13. 2024SyncVSR: Data-Efficient Visual Speech Recognition with End-to-End Crossmodal Audio Token Synchronizationcited by 13
  14. 2023Let There Be Sound: Reconstructing High Quality Speech from Silent Videoscited by 12
  15. 2024DiMoDif: Discourse Modality-information Differentiation for Audio-visual Deepfake Detection and Localizationcited by 12
  16. 2023Lip2Vec: Efficient and Robust Visual Speech Recognition via Latent-to-Latent Visual to Audio Representation Mappingcited by 10
  17. 2023LipFormer: Learning to Lipread Unseen Speakers based on Visual-Landmark Transformerscited by 9
  18. 2025Zero-AVSR: Zero-Shot Audio-Visual Speech Recognition with LLMs by Learning Language-Agnostic Speech Representationscited by 9
  19. 2022LA-VocE: Low-SNR Audio-visual Speech Enhancement using Neural Vocoderscited by 8
  20. 2023OpenSR: Open-Modality Speech Recognition via Maintaining Multi-Modality Alignmentcited by 8
  21. 2023Do VSR Models Generalize Beyond LRS3?cited by 8
  22. 2024Efficient Training for Multilingual Visual Speech Recognition: Pre-training with Discretized Visual Speech Representationcited by 8
  23. 2024Diffusion-based Unsupervised Audio-visual Speech Enhancementcited by 8
  24. 2023Hearing Lips in Noise: Universal Viseme-Phoneme Mapping and Transfer for Robust Audio-Visual Speech Recognitioncited by 7
  25. 2023SparseVSR: Lightweight and Noise Robust Visual Speech Recognitioncited by 7
  26. 2023LIP-RTVE: An Audiovisual Database for Continuous Spanish in the Wildcited by 7
  27. 2024Multilingual Audio-Visual Speech Recognition with Hybrid CTC/RNN-T Fast Conformercited by 7
  28. 2025Phoneme-Level Visual Speech Recognition via Point-Visual Fusion and Language Model Reconstructioncited by 7
  29. 2023A Perceptual Shape Loss for Monocular 3D Face Reconstructioncited by 6
  30. 2023LiteVSR: Efficient Visual Speech Recognition by Learning from Speech Representations of Unlabeled Datacited by 6
  31. 2024Enhancing Speech-Driven 3D Facial Animation with Audio-Visual Guidance from Lip Reading Expertcited by 6
  32. 2023Learning Cross-lingual Visual Speech Representationscited by 5
  33. 2023AV-CPL: Continuous Pseudo-Labeling for Audio-Visual Speech Recognitioncited by 5
  34. 2024Landmark-Guided Cross-Speaker Lip Reading with Mutual Information Regularizationcited by 5
  35. 2024CNVSRC 2023: The First Chinese Continuous Visual Speech Recognition Challengecited by 5
  36. 2023MIR-GAN: Refining Frame-Level Modality-Invariant Representations with Adversarial Network for Audio-Visual Speech Recognitioncited by 4
  37. 2024Missingness-resilient Video-enhanced Multimodal Disfluency Detectioncited by 4
  38. 2024Dynamic Data Pruning for Automatic Speech Recognitioncited by 4

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