mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

GAN-generated Faces Detection: A Survey and New Perspectives

arXiv 2202.07145 ↗First posted 15 Feb 2022cs.CVcited by 29

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Abstract (arXiv)

Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) have led to the generation of very realistic face images, which have been used in fake social media accounts and other disinformation matters that can generate profound impacts. Therefore, the corresponding GAN-face detection techniques are under active development that can examine and expose such fake faces. In this work, we aim to provide a comprehensive review of recent progress in GAN-face detection. We focus on methods that can detect face images that are generated or synthesized from GAN models. We classify the existing detection works into four categories: (1) deep learning-based, (2) physical-based, (3) physiological-based methods, and (4) evaluation and comparison against human visual performance. For each category, we summarize the key ideas and connect them with method implementations. We also discuss open problems and suggest future research directions.

Key facts. Cited by 29 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 61 of its 135 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 15 Feb 2022.

Builds on

61 of 135 references.

References · 61

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38 more
  1. 2019CNN-generated images are surprisingly easy to spot... for nowcited by 842
  2. 2019Interpreting the Latent Space of GANs for Semantic Face Editingcited by 691
  3. 2021GAN Inversion: A Surveycited by 366
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  14. 2020Semantic Photo Manipulation with a Generative Image Priorcited by 178
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50 most cited of 61 All 61 (JSON)

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2022: 6; 2023: 10; 2024: 8; 2025: 4; 2026: 1.

29 papers.

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  1. 2022Fusing Global and Local Features for Generalized AI-Synthesized Image Detectioncited by 88
  2. 2024Detecting Multimedia Generated by Large AI Models: A Surveycited by 73
  3. 2024Preserving Fairness Generalization in Deepfake Detectioncited by 70
  4. 2023Discovering Interpretable Directions in the Semantic Latent Space of Diffusion Modelscited by 60
  5. 2023AutoSplice: A Text-prompt Manipulated Image Dataset for Media Forensicscited by 46
  6. 2023Improving Fairness in Deepfake Detectioncited by 40
  7. 2022GLFF: Global and Local Feature Fusion for AI-synthesized Image Detectioncited by 25
  8. 2024Robust CLIP-Based Detector for Exposing Diffusion Model-Generated Imagescited by 20
  9. 2024Characteristics and prevalence of fake social media profiles with AI-generated facescited by 14
  10. 2022PseudoProp: Robust Pseudo-Label Generation for Semi-Supervised Object Detection in Autonomous Driving Systemscited by 10
  11. 2023Uncovering Bias in Face Generation Modelscited by 9
  12. 2023Open Set Classification of GAN-based Image Manipulations via a ViT-based Hybrid Architecturecited by 6
17 more
  1. 2023Harnessing the Power of Text-image Contrastive Models for Automatic Detection of Online Misinformationcited by 6
  2. 2023Evading Forensic Classifiers with Attribute-Conditioned Adversarial Facescited by 6
  3. 2024Evolving from Single-modal to Multi-modal Facial Deepfake Detection: Progress and Challengescited by 6
  4. 2023Comprehensive Dataset of Synthetic and Manipulated Overhead Imagery for Development and Evaluation of Forensic Toolscited by 5
  5. 2025Robust AI-Generated Face Detection with Imbalanced Datacited by 5
  6. 2022Expressive Talking Head Video Encoding in StyleGAN2 Latent-Spacecited by 4
  7. 2023X-Transfer: A Transfer Learning-Based Framework for GAN-Generated Fake Image Detectioncited by 4
  8. 2024Passive Deepfake Detection Across Multi-modalities: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 4
  9. 2023One-Shot Face Video Re-enactment using Hybrid Latent Spaces of StyleGAN2cited by 3
  10. 2024A Self-Learning Multimodal Approach for Fake News Detectioncited by 3
  11. 2022Detection of Real-time DeepFakes in Video Conferencing with Active Probing and Corneal Reflectioncited by 1
  12. 2024LightFFDNets: Lightweight Convolutional Neural Networks for Rapid Facial Forgery Detectioncited by 1
  13. 2025Through the Lens: Benchmarking Deepfake Detectors Against Moir'e-Induced Distortionscited by 1
  14. 2022Learning Robust Representations Of Generative Models Using Set-Based Artificial Fingerprintscited by 0
  15. 2025Bias Analysis for Synthetic Face Detection: A Case Study of the Impact of Facial Attributescited by 0
  16. 2025SynthGuard: An Open Platform for Detecting AI-Generated Multimedia with Multimodal LLMscited by 0
  17. 2026Tutor-Student Reinforcement Learning: A Dynamic Curriculum for Robust Deepfake Detectioncited by 0