Reassessing the Limitations of CNN Methods for Camera Pose Regression
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Abstract (arXiv)
In this paper, we address the problem of camera pose estimation in outdoor and indoor scenarios. In comparison to the currently top-performing methods that rely on 2D to 3D matching, we propose a model that can directly regress the camera pose from images with significantly higher accuracy than existing methods of the same class. We first analyse why regression methods are still behind the state-of-the-art, and we bridge the performance gap with our new approach. Specifically, we propose a way to overcome the biased training data by a novel training technique, which generates poses guided by a probability distribution from the training set for synthesising new training views. Lastly, we evaluate our approach on two widely used benchmarks and show that it achieves significantly improved performance compared to prior regression-based methods, retrieval techniques as well as 3D pipelines with local feature matching.
Key facts. Cited by 19 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 39 of its 71 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 16 Aug 2021.
Builds on
39 of 71 references.
References · 39
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Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2022: 4; 2023: 5; 2024: 6; 2025: 4.
19 papers.
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- 2022LaMAR: Benchmarking Localization and Mapping for Augmented Realitycited by 98
- 2022DFNet: Enhance Absolute Pose Regression with Direct Feature Matchingcited by 82
- 2022ViewFormer: NeRF-free Neural Rendering from Few Images Using Transformerscited by 70
- 2022MeshLoc: Mesh-Based Visual Localizationcited by 62
- 2024SplatLoc: 3D Gaussian Splatting-based Visual Localization for Augmented Realitycited by 42
- 2023360Loc: A Dataset and Benchmark for Omnidirectional Visual Localization with Cross-device Queriescited by 28
- 2024EgoGen: An Egocentric Synthetic Data Generatorcited by 27
- 2023Visual Localization using Imperfect 3D Models from the Internetcited by 20
- 2024HR-APR: APR-agnostic Framework with Uncertainty Estimation and Hierarchical Refinement for Camera Relocalisationcited by 16
- 2023A Probabilistic Framework for Visual Localization in Ambiguous Scenescited by 12
- 2023Leveraging Neural Radiance Fields for Uncertainty-Aware Visual Localizationcited by 12
- 2025NeuraLoc: Visual Localization in Neural Implicit Map with Dual Complementary Featurescited by 5
7 more
- 2024Leveraging Neural Radiance Field in Descriptor Synthesis for Keypoints Scene Coordinate Regressioncited by 2
- 2024Conditional Variational Autoencoders for Probabilistic Pose Regressioncited by 2
- 2024MobileARLoc: On-device Robust Absolute Localisation for Pervasive Markerless Mobile ARcited by 1
- 2023KS-APR: Keyframe Selection for Robust Absolute Pose Regressioncited by 0
- 2025A-SCoRe: Attention-based Scene Coordinate Regression for wide-ranging scenarioscited by 0
- 2025Quantifying Epistemic Uncertainty in Absolute Pose Regressioncited by 0
- 2025SGLoc: Semantic Localization System for Camera Pose Estimation from 3D Gaussian Splatting Representationcited by 0
- 2025SGLoc: Semantic Localization System for Camera Pose Estimation from 3D Gaussian Splatting Representation16 Jul 2025
- 2025Quantifying Epistemic Uncertainty in Absolute Pose Regression9 Apr 2025
- 2025A-SCoRe: Attention-based Scene Coordinate Regression for wide-ranging scenarios18 Mar 2025
- 2025NeuraLoc: Visual Localization in Neural Implicit Map with Dual Complementary Features8 Mar 2025
- 2024Conditional Variational Autoencoders for Probabilistic Pose Regression7 Oct 2024
- 2024SplatLoc: 3D Gaussian Splatting-based Visual Localization for Augmented Reality21 Sep 2024
- 2024Leveraging Neural Radiance Field in Descriptor Synthesis for Keypoints Scene Coordinate Regression15 Mar 2024
- 2024HR-APR: APR-agnostic Framework with Uncertainty Estimation and Hierarchical Refinement for Camera Relocalisation22 Feb 2024
- 2024MobileARLoc: On-device Robust Absolute Localisation for Pervasive Markerless Mobile AR21 Jan 2024
- 2024EgoGen: An Egocentric Synthetic Data Generator16 Jan 2024
- 2023360Loc: A Dataset and Benchmark for Omnidirectional Visual Localization with Cross-device Queries29 Nov 2023
- 2023Leveraging Neural Radiance Fields for Uncertainty-Aware Visual Localization10 Oct 2023
7 more
- 2023KS-APR: Keyframe Selection for Robust Absolute Pose Regression10 Aug 2023
- 2023Visual Localization using Imperfect 3D Models from the Internet12 Apr 2023
- 2023A Probabilistic Framework for Visual Localization in Ambiguous Scenes5 Jan 2023
- 2022LaMAR: Benchmarking Localization and Mapping for Augmented Reality19 Oct 2022
- 2022MeshLoc: Mesh-Based Visual Localization21 Jul 2022
- 2022DFNet: Enhance Absolute Pose Regression with Direct Feature Matching1 Apr 2022
- 2022ViewFormer: NeRF-free Neural Rendering from Few Images Using Transformers18 Mar 2022
- 2022LaMAR: Benchmarking Localization and Mapping for Augmented Realitycited by 98
- 2022DFNet: Enhance Absolute Pose Regression with Direct Feature Matchingcited by 82
- 2022ViewFormer: NeRF-free Neural Rendering from Few Images Using Transformerscited by 70
- 2022MeshLoc: Mesh-Based Visual Localizationcited by 62
- 2024SplatLoc: 3D Gaussian Splatting-based Visual Localization for Augmented Realitycited by 42
- 2023360Loc: A Dataset and Benchmark for Omnidirectional Visual Localization with Cross-device Queriescited by 28
- 2024EgoGen: An Egocentric Synthetic Data Generatorcited by 27
- 2023Visual Localization using Imperfect 3D Models from the Internetcited by 20
- 2024HR-APR: APR-agnostic Framework with Uncertainty Estimation and Hierarchical Refinement for Camera Relocalisationcited by 16
- 2023A Probabilistic Framework for Visual Localization in Ambiguous Scenescited by 12
- 2023Leveraging Neural Radiance Fields for Uncertainty-Aware Visual Localizationcited by 12
- 2025NeuraLoc: Visual Localization in Neural Implicit Map with Dual Complementary Featurescited by 5
12 most cited of 19 All 19 (JSON)
- 2025SGLoc: Semantic Localization System for Camera Pose Estimation from 3D Gaussian Splatting Representation16 Jul 2025
- 2025Quantifying Epistemic Uncertainty in Absolute Pose Regression9 Apr 2025
- 2025A-SCoRe: Attention-based Scene Coordinate Regression for wide-ranging scenarios18 Mar 2025
- 2025NeuraLoc: Visual Localization in Neural Implicit Map with Dual Complementary Features8 Mar 2025
- 2024Conditional Variational Autoencoders for Probabilistic Pose Regression7 Oct 2024
- 2024SplatLoc: 3D Gaussian Splatting-based Visual Localization for Augmented Reality21 Sep 2024
- 2024Leveraging Neural Radiance Field in Descriptor Synthesis for Keypoints Scene Coordinate Regression15 Mar 2024
- 2024HR-APR: APR-agnostic Framework with Uncertainty Estimation and Hierarchical Refinement for Camera Relocalisation22 Feb 2024
- 2024MobileARLoc: On-device Robust Absolute Localisation for Pervasive Markerless Mobile AR21 Jan 2024
- 2024EgoGen: An Egocentric Synthetic Data Generator16 Jan 2024
- 2023360Loc: A Dataset and Benchmark for Omnidirectional Visual Localization with Cross-device Queries29 Nov 2023
- 2023Leveraging Neural Radiance Fields for Uncertainty-Aware Visual Localization10 Oct 2023
12 newest of 19 All 19 (JSON)