Gotta Go Fast When Generating Data with Score-Based Models
On the map: Diffusion models → Diffusion foundations and sampling
Abstract (arXiv)
Score-based (denoising diffusion) generative models have recently gained a lot of success in generating realistic and diverse data. These approaches define a forward diffusion process for transforming data to noise and generate data by reversing it (thereby going from noise to data). Unfortunately, current score-based models generate data very slowly due to the sheer number of score network evaluations required by numerical SDE solvers. In this work, we aim to accelerate this process by devising a more efficient SDE solver. Existing approaches rely on the Euler-Maruyama (EM) solver, which uses a fixed step size. We found that naively replacing it with other SDE solvers fares poorly - they either result in low-quality samples or become slower than EM. To get around this issue, we carefully devise an SDE solver with adaptive step sizes tailored to score-based generative models piece by piece. Our solver requires only two score function evaluations, rarely rejects samples, and leads to high-quality samples. Our approach generates data 2 to 10 times faster than EM while achieving better or equal sample quality. For high-resolution images, our method leads to significantly higher quality samples than all other methods tested. Our SDE solver has the benefit of requiring no step size tuning.
Key facts. Cited by 218 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Diffusion foundations and sampling, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 20 of its 41 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 28 May 2021.
Builds on
20 of 41 references.
Closest ancestors · 7
Same direction, newest first
- 2021UNIT-DDPM: UNpaired Image Translation with Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models12 Apr
- 2021Noise Estimation for Generative Diffusion Models6 Apr
- 2021Improved Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models18 Feb
- 2020Score-Based Generative Modeling through Stochastic Differential Equations26 Nov
- 2020Denoising Diffusion Implicit Models6 Oct
- 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models19 Jun
- 2020Improved Techniques for Training Score-Based Generative Models16 Jun
Other references · 13
- 2018A Style-Based Generator Architecture for Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 5,986
- 2019Generative Modeling by Estimating Gradients of the Data Distributioncited by 4,067
- 2016Improved Techniques for Training GANscited by 2,938
- 2021Image Super-Resolution via Iterative Refinementcited by 1,506
- 2015LSUN: Construction of a Large-scale Image Dataset using Deep Learning with Humans in the Loopcited by 1,350
- 2020DiffWave: A Versatile Diffusion Model for Audio Synthesiscited by 1,339
- 2020WaveGrad: Estimating Gradients for Waveform Generationcited by 620
- 2020Permutation Invariant Graph Generation via Score-Based Generative Modelingcited by 263
- 2021Symbolic Music Generation with Diffusion Modelscited by 152
- 2020Adversarial score matching and improved sampling for image generationcited by 95
- 2020Solving Linear Inverse Problems Using the Prior Implicit in a Denoisercited by 78
- 2020Source Separation with Deep Generative Priorscited by 35
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 11; 2022: 47; 2023: 56; 2024: 55; 2025: 36; 2026: 13.
218 papers.
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- 2021Palette: Image-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 1,296
- 2022Diffusion Models: A Comprehensive Survey of Methods and Applicationscited by 1,107
- 2022Diffusion Models in Vision: A Surveycited by 1,008
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- 2023Latent Consistency Models: Synthesizing High-Resolution Images with Few-Step Inferencecited by 826
- 2022On Distillation of Guided Diffusion Modelscited by 721
- 2021Diffusion Schr"odinger Bridge with Applications to Score-Based Generative Modelingcited by 594
- 2022LION: Latent Point Diffusion Models for 3D Shape Generationcited by 552
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- 2026Robust Face Super-Resolution and Recognition Through Multi-Feature Aggregation in Diffusion Models6 Jul 2026
- 2026OTCache: Optimal Transport for Geometry-Aware Caching in Diffusion Models30 Jun 2026
- 2026Mitigating the Contractivity Trap in Diffusion ODEs via Stein Stabilization5 Jun 2026
- 2026Chain-of-Trajectories: Unlocking the Intrinsic Generative Optimality of Diffusion Models via Graph-Theoretic Planning16 Mar 2026
- 2026Drift Estimation for Stochastic Differential Equations with Denoising Diffusion Models19 Feb 2026
- 2026Learning To Sample From Diffusion Models Via Inverse Reinforcement Learning9 Feb 2026
- 2026MeanCache: From Instantaneous to Average Velocity for Accelerating Flow Matching Inference27 Jan 2026
- 2026Divergence-Free Diffusion Models for Incompressible Fluid Flows27 Jan 2026
- 2025Are First-Order Diffusion Samplers Really Slower? A Fast Forward-Value Approach31 Dec 2025
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