Domain Adaptive Semantic Segmentation with Self-Supervised Depth Estimation
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Abstract (arXiv)
Domain adaptation for semantic segmentation aims to improve the model performance in the presence of a distribution shift between source and target domain. Leveraging the supervision from auxiliary tasks~(such as depth estimation) has the potential to heal this shift because many visual tasks are closely related to each other. However, such a supervision is not always available. In this work, we leverage the guidance from self-supervised depth estimation, which is available on both domains, to bridge the domain gap. On the one hand, we propose to explicitly learn the task feature correlation to strengthen the target semantic predictions with the help of target depth estimation. On the other hand, we use the depth prediction discrepancy from source and target depth decoders to approximate the pixel-wise adaptation difficulty. The adaptation difficulty, inferred from depth, is then used to refine the target semantic segmentation pseudo-labels. The proposed method can be easily implemented into existing segmentation frameworks. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach on the benchmark tasks SYNTHIA-to-Cityscapes and GTA-to-Cityscapes, on which we achieve the new state-of-the-art performance of 55.0% and 56.6%, respectively. Our code is available at urlhttps://qin.ee/corda.
Key facts. Cited by 80 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 47 of its 59 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 28 Apr 2021.
Builds on
47 of 59 references.
References · 47
- 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 52,096
- 2020A Simple Framework for Contrastive Learning of Visual Representationscited by 12,049
- 2019Momentum Contrast for Unsupervised Visual Representation Learningcited by 7,513
- 2016The Cityscapes Dataset for Semantic Urban Scene Understandingcited by 4,444
- 2016DeepLab: Semantic Image Segmentation with Deep Convolutional Nets, Atrous Convolution, and Fully Connected CRFscited by 3,241
- 2014Unsupervised Domain Adaptation by Backpropagationcited by 1,917
- 2017CyCADA: Cycle-Consistent Adversarial Domain Adaptationcited by 1,082
- 2016Unsupervised Monocular Depth Estimation with Left-Right Consistencycited by 820
- 2016Playing for Data: Ground Truth from Computer Gamescited by 818
- 2017Unsupervised Learning of Depth and Ego-Motion from Videocited by 782
- 2018Taskonomy: Disentangling Task Transfer Learningcited by 634
- 2018ADVENT: Adversarial Entropy Minimization for Domain Adaptation in Semantic Segmentationcited by 623
35 more
- 2018Learning to Adapt Structured Output Space for Semantic Segmentationcited by 584
- 2019Segmentation Transformer: Object-Contextual Representations for Semantic Segmentationcited by 576
- 2020FDA: Fourier Domain Adaptation for Semantic Segmentationcited by 541
- 2019Confidence Regularized Self-Trainingcited by 419
- 2016Unsupervised CNN for Single View Depth Estimation: Geometry to the Rescuecited by 368
- 2019Bidirectional Learning for Domain Adaptation of Semantic Segmentationcited by 308
- 2018Taking A Closer Look at Domain Shift: Category-level Adversaries for Semantics Consistent Domain Adaptationcited by 295
- 2021Prototypical Pseudo Label Denoising and Target Structure Learning for Domain Adaptive Semantic Segmentationcited by 268
- 2020Deep Continuous Fusion for Multi-Sensor 3D Object Detectioncited by 263
- 2020DACS: Domain Adaptation via Cross-domain Mixed Samplingcited by 226
- 2018PAD-Net: Multi-Tasks Guided Prediction-and-Distillation Network for Simultaneous Depth Estimation and Scene Parsingcited by 224
- 2020Rectifying Pseudo Label Learning via Uncertainty Estimation for Domain Adaptive Semantic Segmentationcited by 222
- 2020ClassMix: Segmentation-Based Data Augmentation for Semi-Supervised Learningcited by 209
- 2016UberNet: Training a `Universal' Convolutional Neural Network for Low-, Mid-, and High-Level Vision using Diverse Datasets and Limited Memorycited by 200
- 2020Instance Adaptive Self-Training for Unsupervised Domain Adaptationcited by 177
- 2020Universal Domain Adaptation through Self Supervisioncited by 172
- 2020MTI-Net: Multi-Scale Task Interaction Networks for Multi-Task Learningcited by 157
- 2020Learning Texture Invariant Representation for Domain Adaptation of Semantic Segmentationcited by 153
- 2019Category Anchor-Guided Unsupervised Domain Adaptation for Semantic Segmentationcited by 151
- 2019Pattern-Affinitive Propagation across Depth, Surface Normal and Semantic Segmentationcited by 142
- 2020Differential Treatment for Stuff and Things: A Simple Unsupervised Domain Adaptation Method for Semantic Segmentationcited by 126
- 2018Learning Semantic Segmentation from Synthetic Data: A Geometrically Guided Input-Output Adaptation Approachcited by 119
- 2019Unsupervised Domain Adaptation through Self-Supervisioncited by 116
- 2019Constructing Self-motivated Pyramid Curriculums for Cross-Domain Semantic Segmentation: A Non-Adversarial Approachcited by 103
- 2018Model Adaptation with Synthetic and Real Data for Semantic Dense Foggy Scene Understandingcited by 98
- 2019DADA: Depth-aware Domain Adaptation in Semantic Segmentationcited by 97
- 2017ROAD: Reality Oriented Adaptation for Semantic Segmentation of Urban Scenescited by 95
- 2020Three Ways to Improve Semantic Segmentation with Self-Supervised Depth Estimationcited by 66
- 2020Label-Driven Reconstruction for Domain Adaptation in Semantic Segmentationcited by 62
- 2019Self-supervised Domain Adaptation for Computer Vision Taskscited by 58
- 2019Unsupervised Scene Adaptation with Memory Regularization in vivocited by 57
- 2018SPIGAN: Privileged Adversarial Learning from Simulationcited by 47
- 2020Context-Aware Domain Adaptation in Semantic Segmentationcited by 36
- 2017Recurrent Scene Parsing with Perspective Understanding in the Loopcited by 16
- 2019Learning Across Tasks and Domainscited by 16
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 7; 2022: 21; 2023: 19; 2024: 20; 2025: 12; 2026: 1.
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- 2022Continual Test-Time Domain Adaptationcited by 525
- 2021DAFormer: Improving Network Architectures and Training Strategies for Domain-Adaptive Semantic Segmentationcited by 300
- 2022MIC: Masked Image Consistency for Context-Enhanced Domain Adaptationcited by 178
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- 2022SePiCo: Semantic-Guided Pixel Contrast for Domain Adaptive Semantic Segmentationcited by 87
- 2021Category Contrast for Unsupervised Domain Adaptation in Visual Taskscited by 65
- 2022CoSMix: Compositional Semantic Mix for Domain Adaptation in 3D LiDAR Segmentationcited by 54
- 2021Learning Multiple Dense Prediction Tasks from Partially Annotated Datacited by 42
- 2022PiPa: Pixel- and Patch-wise Self-supervised Learning for Domain Adaptative Semantic Segmentationcited by 41
- 2023Look at the Neighbor: Distortion-aware Unsupervised Domain Adaptation for Panoramic Semantic Segmentationcited by 38
- 2024Semantics, Distortion, and Style Matter: Towards Source-free UDA for Panoramic Segmentationcited by 34
- 2023Survey on Unsupervised Domain Adaptation for Semantic Segmentation for Visual Perception in Automated Drivingcited by 29
38 more
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- 2021Improving Semi-Supervised and Domain-Adaptive Semantic Segmentation with Self-Supervised Depth Estimationcited by 25
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- 2023Unsupervised Semantic Segmentation Through Depth-Guided Feature Correlation and Samplingcited by 19
- 2023EDAPS: Enhanced Domain-Adaptive Panoptic Segmentationcited by 17
- 2023Unsupervised Domain Adaptation for Semantic Segmentation with Pseudo Label Self-Refinementcited by 16
- 2024Deep Learning-based Depth Estimation Methods from Monocular Image and Videos: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 15
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- 2024Open-Set Domain Adaptation for Semantic Segmentationcited by 13
- 2024MICDrop: Masking Image and Depth Features via Complementary Dropout for Domain-Adaptive Semantic Segmentationcited by 13
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- 2022ProCST: Boosting Semantic Segmentation Using Progressive Cyclic Style-Transfercited by 9
- 2023Transferring to Real-World Layouts: A Depth-aware Framework for Scene Adaptationcited by 9
- 2021See Yourself in Others: Attending Multiple Tasks for Own Failure Detectioncited by 8
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- 2023Bidirectional Domain Mixup for Domain Adaptive Semantic Segmentationcited by 8
- 2022VBLC: Visibility Boosting and Logit-Constraint Learning for Domain Adaptive Semantic Segmentation under Adverse Conditionscited by 7
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- 2021SPCL: A New Framework for Domain Adaptive Semantic Segmentation via Semantic Prototype-based Contrastive Learningcited by 6
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- 2021Bi-Mix: Bidirectional Mixing for Domain Adaptive Nighttime Semantic Segmentationcited by 3
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- 2022Geometry-Aware Network for Domain Adaptive Semantic Segmentationcited by 3
- 2022Exploiting Instance-based Mixed Sampling via Auxiliary Source Domain Supervision for Domain-adaptive Action Detectioncited by 2
- 2023A Threefold Review on Deep Semantic Segmentation: Efficiency-oriented, Temporal and Depth-aware designcited by 2
- 2024Domain Adaptation for Large-Vocabulary Object Detectorscited by 2
50 most cited of 80 All 80 (JSON)
- 2026Monocular Depth Estimation from a Single Image: Progress and Opportunities1 Sep 2026
- 2025MSSSeg: Learning Multi-Scale Structural Complexity for Self-Supervised Segmentation30 Dec 2025
- 2025OMUDA: Omni-level Masking for Unsupervised Domain Adaptation in Semantic Segmentation13 Dec 2025
- 2025Efficient Domain-Adaptive Multi-Task Dense Prediction with Vision Foundation Models28 Sep 2025
- 2025Lost in Translation? Vocabulary Alignment for Source-Free Adaptation in Open-Vocabulary Semantic Segmentation18 Sep 2025
- 2025Rein++: Efficient Generalization and Adaptation for Semantic Segmentation with Vision Foundation Models3 Aug 2025
- 2025Universal Domain Adaptation for Semantic Segmentation28 May 2025
- 2025Depth-Sensitive Soft Suppression with RGB-D Inter-Modal Stylization Flow for Domain Generalization Semantic Segmentation11 May 2025
- 2025LangDA: Building Context-Awareness via Language for Domain Adaptive Semantic Segmentation17 Mar 2025
- 2025VFM-UDA++: Improving Network Architectures and Data Strategies for Unsupervised Domain Adaptive Semantic Segmentation11 Mar 2025
- 2025SegDesicNet: Lightweight Semantic Segmentation in Remote Sensing with Geo-Coordinate Embeddings for Domain Adaptation11 Mar 2025
- 2025COARSE: Collaborative Pseudo-Labeling with Coarse Real Labels for Off-Road Semantic Segmentation5 Mar 2025
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- 2025Enhancing Monocular Depth Estimation with Multi-Source Auxiliary Tasks22 Jan 2025
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- 2024C^2DA: Contrastive and Context-aware Domain Adaptive Semantic Segmentation10 Oct 2024
- 2024Reducing Semantic Ambiguity In Domain Adaptive Semantic Segmentation Via Probabilistic Prototypical Pixel Contrast27 Sep 2024
- 2024Collaborative Learning for Enhanced Unsupervised Domain Adaptation4 Sep 2024
- 2024MICDrop: Masking Image and Depth Features via Complementary Dropout for Domain-Adaptive Semantic Segmentation29 Aug 2024
- 2024PiPa++: Towards Unification of Domain Adaptive Semantic Segmentation via Self-supervised Learning24 Jul 2024
- 2024Training-Free Model Merging for Multi-target Domain Adaptation18 Jul 2024
- 2024Deep Learning-based Depth Estimation Methods from Monocular Image and Videos: A Comprehensive Survey28 Jun 2024
- 2024Syn-to-Real Unsupervised Domain Adaptation for Indoor 3D Object Detection17 Jun 2024
- 2024MCDS-VSS: Moving Camera Dynamic Scene Video Semantic Segmentation by Filtering with Self-Supervised Geometry and Motion30 May 2024
- 2024Open-Set Domain Adaptation for Semantic Segmentation30 May 2024
- 2024Improving Object Detector Training on Synthetic Data by Starting With a Strong Baseline Methodology30 May 2024
- 2024SCMix: Stochastic Compound Mixing for Open Compound Domain Adaptation in Semantic Segmentation23 May 2024
- 2024360SFUDA++: Towards Source-free UDA for Panoramic Segmentation by Learning Reliable Category Prototypes25 Apr 2024
- 2024Improve Cross-domain Mixed Sampling with Guidance Training for Adaptive Segmentation22 Mar 2024
- 2024Instance-Warp: Saliency Guided Image Warping for Unsupervised Domain Adaptation19 Mar 2024
- 2024Semantics, Distortion, and Style Matter: Towards Source-free UDA for Panoramic Segmentation19 Mar 2024
- 2024ECAP: Extensive Cut-and-Paste Augmentation for Unsupervised Domain Adaptive Semantic Segmentation6 Mar 2024
- 2024Energy-based Domain-Adaptive Segmentation with Depth Guidance6 Feb 2024
- 2024Domain Adaptation for Large-Vocabulary Object Detectors13 Jan 2024
- 2023Transferring to Real-World Layouts: A Depth-aware Framework for Scene Adaptation21 Nov 2023
- 2023Unsupervised Domain Adaptation for Semantic Segmentation with Pseudo Label Self-Refinement25 Oct 2023
- 2023Informative Data Mining for One-Shot Cross-Domain Semantic Segmentation25 Sep 2023
- 2023Unsupervised Semantic Segmentation Through Depth-Guided Feature Correlation and Sampling21 Sep 2023
- 2023Compositional Semantic Mix for Domain Adaptation in Point Cloud Segmentation28 Aug 2023
- 2023Semi-Supervised Semantic Depth Estimation using Symbiotic Transformer and NearFarMix Augmentation28 Aug 2023
- 2023Look at the Neighbor: Distortion-aware Unsupervised Domain Adaptation for Panoramic Semantic Segmentation10 Aug 2023
- 2023Deep Transfer Learning for Intelligent Vehicle Perception: a Survey26 Jun 2023
- 2023Regularizing Self-training for Unsupervised Domain Adaptation via Structural Constraints29 Apr 2023
- 2023EDAPS: Enhanced Domain-Adaptive Panoptic Segmentation27 Apr 2023
- 2023Domain Adaptive and Generalizable Network Architectures and Training Strategies for Semantic Image Segmentation26 Apr 2023
- 2023Survey on Unsupervised Domain Adaptation for Semantic Segmentation for Visual Perception in Automated Driving24 Apr 2023
- 2023GeoMultiTaskNet: remote sensing unsupervised domain adaptation using geographical coordinates16 Apr 2023
- 2023FREDOM: Fairness Domain Adaptation Approach to Semantic Scene Understanding4 Apr 2023
- 2023Confidence Attention and Generalization Enhanced Distillation for Continuous Video Domain Adaptation18 Mar 2023
- 2023Bidirectional Domain Mixup for Domain Adaptive Semantic Segmentation17 Mar 2023
- 2023A Threefold Review on Deep Semantic Segmentation: Efficiency-oriented, Temporal and Depth-aware design8 Mar 2023
50 newest of 80 All 80 (JSON)
- 2022Continual Test-Time Domain Adaptationcited by 525
- 2021DAFormer: Improving Network Architectures and Training Strategies for Domain-Adaptive Semantic Segmentationcited by 300
- 2022MIC: Masked Image Consistency for Context-Enhanced Domain Adaptationcited by 178
- 2022HRDA: Context-Aware High-Resolution Domain-Adaptive Semantic Segmentationcited by 164
- 2022SePiCo: Semantic-Guided Pixel Contrast for Domain Adaptive Semantic Segmentationcited by 87
- 2021Category Contrast for Unsupervised Domain Adaptation in Visual Taskscited by 65
- 2022CoSMix: Compositional Semantic Mix for Domain Adaptation in 3D LiDAR Segmentationcited by 54
- 2021Learning Multiple Dense Prediction Tasks from Partially Annotated Datacited by 42
- 2022PiPa: Pixel- and Patch-wise Self-supervised Learning for Domain Adaptative Semantic Segmentationcited by 41
- 2023Look at the Neighbor: Distortion-aware Unsupervised Domain Adaptation for Panoramic Semantic Segmentationcited by 38
- 2024Semantics, Distortion, and Style Matter: Towards Source-free UDA for Panoramic Segmentationcited by 34
- 2023Survey on Unsupervised Domain Adaptation for Semantic Segmentation for Visual Perception in Automated Drivingcited by 29
12 most cited of 78 All 78 (JSON)
- 2026Monocular Depth Estimation from a Single Image: Progress and Opportunities1 Sep 2026
- 2025MSSSeg: Learning Multi-Scale Structural Complexity for Self-Supervised Segmentation30 Dec 2025
- 2025OMUDA: Omni-level Masking for Unsupervised Domain Adaptation in Semantic Segmentation13 Dec 2025
- 2025Efficient Domain-Adaptive Multi-Task Dense Prediction with Vision Foundation Models28 Sep 2025
- 2025Lost in Translation? Vocabulary Alignment for Source-Free Adaptation in Open-Vocabulary Semantic Segmentation18 Sep 2025
- 2025Rein++: Efficient Generalization and Adaptation for Semantic Segmentation with Vision Foundation Models3 Aug 2025
- 2025Universal Domain Adaptation for Semantic Segmentation28 May 2025
- 2025Depth-Sensitive Soft Suppression with RGB-D Inter-Modal Stylization Flow for Domain Generalization Semantic Segmentation11 May 2025
- 2025LangDA: Building Context-Awareness via Language for Domain Adaptive Semantic Segmentation17 Mar 2025
- 2025VFM-UDA++: Improving Network Architectures and Data Strategies for Unsupervised Domain Adaptive Semantic Segmentation11 Mar 2025
- 2025SegDesicNet: Lightweight Semantic Segmentation in Remote Sensing with Geo-Coordinate Embeddings for Domain Adaptation11 Mar 2025
- 2025COARSE: Collaborative Pseudo-Labeling with Coarse Real Labels for Off-Road Semantic Segmentation5 Mar 2025
12 newest of 78 All 78 (JSON)