A Learned Representation for Scalable Vector Graphics
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Abstract (arXiv)
Dramatic advances in generative models have resulted in near photographic quality for artificially rendered faces, animals and other objects in the natural world. In spite of such advances, a higher level understanding of vision and imagery does not arise from exhaustively modeling an object, but instead identifying higher-level attributes that best summarize the aspects of an object. In this work we attempt to model the drawing process of fonts by building sequential generative models of vector graphics. This model has the benefit of providing a scale-invariant representation for imagery whose latent representation may be systematically manipulated and exploited to perform style propagation. We demonstrate these results on a large dataset of fonts and highlight how such a model captures the statistical dependencies and richness of this dataset. We envision that our model can find use as a tool for graphic designers to facilitate font design.
Key facts. Cited by 91 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 4 Apr 2019.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 14; 2022: 6; 2023: 20; 2024: 14; 2025: 18; 2026: 19.
91 papers.
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- 2021Im2Vec: Synthesizing Vector Graphics without Vector Supervisioncited by 114
- 2023StarVector: Generating Scalable Vector Graphics Code from Images and Textcited by 96
- 2021CanvasVAE: Learning to Generate Vector Graphic Documentscited by 93
- 2022Towards Layer-wise Image Vectorizationcited by 77
- 2023SVGDreamer: Text Guided SVG Generation with Diffusion Modelcited by 75
- 2023AutomaTikZ: Text-Guided Synthesis of Scientific Vector Graphics with TikZcited by 74
- 2023IconShop: Text-Guided Vector Icon Synthesis with Autoregressive Transformerscited by 73
- 2025OmniSVG: A Unified Scalable Vector Graphics Generation Modelcited by 71
- 2021SketchGen: Generating Constrained CAD Sketchescited by 68
- 2024Empowering LLMs to Understand and Generate Complex Vector Graphicscited by 63
- 2023Word-As-Image for Semantic Typographycited by 62
- 2021Engineering Sketch Generation for Computer-Aided Designcited by 49
38 more
- 2025LayerTracer: Cognitive-Aligned Layered SVG Synthesis via Diffusion Transformercited by 43
- 2021Modern Evolution Strategies for Creativity: Fitting Concrete Images and Abstract Conceptscited by 40
- 2024Chat2SVG: Vector Graphics Generation with Large Language Models and Image Diffusion Modelscited by 36
- 2022CLIPVG: Text-Guided Image Manipulation Using Differentiable Vector Graphicscited by 34
- 2024Text-to-Vector Generation with Neural Path Representationcited by 32
- 2023Towards Flexible Multi-modal Document Modelscited by 30
- 2023DeepVecFont-v2: Exploiting Transformers to Synthesize Vector Fonts with Higher Qualitycited by 27
- 2021A Multi-Implicit Neural Representation for Fontscited by 21
- 2023VecFusion: Vector Font Generation with Diffusioncited by 20
- 2024NIVeL: Neural Implicit Vector Layers for Text-to-Vector Generationcited by 17
- 2021Cloud2Curve: Generation and Vectorization of Parametric Sketchescited by 16
- 2023DualVector: Unsupervised Vector Font Synthesis with Dual-Part Representationcited by 16
- 2025NeuralSVG: An Implicit Representation for Text-to-Vector Generationcited by 16
- 2021DeepVecFont: Synthesizing High-quality Vector Fonts via Dual-modality Learningcited by 14
- 2023ChiroDiff: Modelling chirographic data with Diffusion Modelscited by 14
- 2025UniSVG: A Unified Dataset for Vector Graphic Understanding and Generation with Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 14
- 2024Dynamic Typography: Bringing Text to Life via Video Diffusion Priorcited by 12
- 2025InternSVG: Towards Unified SVG Tasks with Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 12
- 2026Render-in-the-Loop: Vector Graphics Generation via Visual Self-Feedbackcited by 12
- 2021Recognizing Vector Graphics without Rasterizationcited by 11
- 2024Segmentation-guided Layer-wise Image Vectorization with Gradient Fillscited by 11
- 2023SketchXAI: A First Look at Explainability for Human Sketchescited by 10
- 2024FontCLIP: A Semantic Typography Visual-Language Model for Multilingual Font Applicationscited by 8
- 2021Learning Implicit Glyph Shape Representationcited by 7
- 2023VecFontSDF: Learning to Reconstruct and Synthesize High-quality Vector Fonts via Signed Distance Functionscited by 7
- 2023Image Vectorization: a Reviewcited by 7
- 2023Beyond Pixels: Exploring Human-Readable SVG Generation for Simple Images with Vision Language Modelscited by 7
- 2022SVG Vector Font Generation for Chinese Characters with Transformercited by 6
- 2023SAMVG: A Multi-stage Image Vectorization Model with the Segment-Anything Modelcited by 6
- 2025Symbolic Graphics Programming with Large Language Modelscited by 6
- 2026VAnim: Rendering-Aware Sparse State Modeling for Structure-Preserving Vector Animationcited by 6
- 2022Conditional Vector Graphics Generation for Music Cover Imagescited by 5
- 2026VectorGym: A Multi-Task Benchmark for SVG Code Generation, Sketching and Editingcited by 5
- 2021Scalable Font Reconstruction with Dual Latent Manifoldscited by 4
- 2023DeepCalliFont: Few-shot Chinese Calligraphy Font Synthesis by Integrating Dual-modality Generative Modelscited by 4
- 2024Image Vectorization with Depth: convexified shape layers with depth orderingcited by 4
- 2025BG-Triangle: B'ezier Gaussian Triangle for 3D Vectorization and Renderingcited by 4
- 2025Bezier Splatting for Fast and Differentiable Vector Graphics Renderingcited by 4
50 most cited of 91 All 91 (JSON)
- 2026SVG-Score: Human-Aligned Evaluation of Text-to-SVG Generation3 Sep 2026
- 2026A Scalable Vector Graphics Latent Space22 Aug 2026
- 2026VecFontLLM: Anchor-Guided Direct Synthesis of Chinese Vector Fonts19 Jul 2026
- 2026HandwritingAgent: Language-Driven Handwriting Synthesis in Scalable Vector Space17 Jun 2026
- 2026NIV: Neural Axis Variations for Variable Font Generation3 Jun 2026
- 2026AnchorFlow: Learning Anchor Placement for Faithful and Editable SVG Reconstruction19 May 2026
- 2026Vector Scaffolding: Inter-Scale Orchestration for Differentiable Image Vectorization12 May 2026
- 2026VAnim: Rendering-Aware Sparse State Modeling for Structure-Preserving Vector Animation2 May 2026
- 2026Render-in-the-Loop: Vector Graphics Generation via Visual Self-Feedback22 Apr 2026
- 2026mEOL: Training-Free Instruction-Guided Multimodal Embedder for Vector Graphics and Image Retrieval18 Apr 2026
- 2026DesigNet: Learning to Draw Vector Graphics as Designers Do7 Apr 2026
- 2026IntroSVG: Learning from Rendering Feedback for Text-to-SVG Generation via an Introspective Generator-Critic Framework10 Mar 2026
38 more
- 2026TikZilla: Scaling Text-to-TikZ with High-Quality Data and Reinforcement Learning3 Mar 2026
- 2026OmniLottie: Generating Vector Animations via Parameterized Lottie Tokens2 Mar 2026
- 2026VecGlypher: Unified Vector Glyph Generation with Language Models25 Feb 2026
- 2026WildSVG: Towards Reliable SVG Generation Under Real-Word Conditions24 Feb 2026
- 2026VectorGym: A Multi-Task Benchmark for SVG Code Generation, Sketching and Editing22 Feb 2026
- 2026Stroke of Surprise: Progressive Semantic Illusions in Vector Sketching12 Feb 2026
- 2026From Tokens to Numbers: Continuous Number Modeling for SVG Generation2 Feb 2026
- 2025GeoLoom: High-quality Geometric Diagram Generation from Textual Input9 Dec 2025
- 2025Clair Obscur: an Illumination-Aware Method for Real-World Image Vectorization25 Nov 2025
- 2025Illustrator's Depth: Monocular Layer Index Prediction for Image Decomposition21 Nov 2025
- 2025Semantic Document Derendering: SVG Reconstruction via Vision-Language Modeling17 Nov 2025
- 2025Stroke Modeling Enables Vectorized Character Generation with Large Vectorized Glyph Model14 Nov 2025
- 2025InternSVG: Towards Unified SVG Tasks with Multimodal Large Language Models13 Oct 2025
- 2025An Exploratory Study on Abstract Images and Visual Representations Learned from Them17 Sep 2025
- 2025Symbolic Graphics Programming with Large Language Models5 Sep 2025
- 2025UniSVG: A Unified Dataset for Vector Graphic Understanding and Generation with Multimodal Large Language Models11 Aug 2025
- 2025Empowering Vector Graphics with Consistently Arbitrary Viewing and View-dependent Visibility27 May 2025
- 2025An Active Contour Model for Silhouette Vectorization using B'ezier Curves8 May 2025
- 2025OmniSVG: A Unified Scalable Vector Graphics Generation Model8 Apr 2025
- 2025From Fragment to One Piece: A Survey on AI-Driven Graphic Design24 Mar 2025
- 2025Bezier Splatting for Fast and Differentiable Vector Graphics Rendering20 Mar 2025
- 2025BG-Triangle: B'ezier Gaussian Triangle for 3D Vectorization and Rendering18 Mar 2025
- 2025Leveraging Large Language Models For Scalable Vector Graphics Processing: A Review6 Mar 2025
- 2025LayerTracer: Cognitive-Aligned Layered SVG Synthesis via Diffusion Transformer3 Feb 2025
- 2025NeuralSVG: An Implicit Representation for Text-to-Vector Generation7 Jan 2025
- 2024Empowering LLMs to Understand and Generate Complex Vector Graphics15 Dec 2024
- 2024SVGFusion: A VAE-Diffusion Transformer for Vector Graphic Generation11 Dec 2024
- 2024Chat2SVG: Vector Graphics Generation with Large Language Models and Image Diffusion Models25 Nov 2024
- 2024Learning to Synthesize Graphics Programs for Geometric Artworks21 Oct 2024
- 2024DeepIcon: A Hierarchical Network for Layer-wise Icon Vectorization21 Oct 2024
- 2024Vector Grimoire: Codebook-based Shape Generation under Raster Image Supervision8 Oct 2024
- 2024Image Vectorization with Depth: convexified shape layers with depth ordering10 Sep 2024
- 2024Segmentation-guided Layer-wise Image Vectorization with Gradient Fills28 Aug 2024
- 2024Learning Geometric Invariant Features for Classification of Vector Polygons with Graph Message-passing Neural Network5 Jul 2024
- 2024NIVeL: Neural Implicit Vector Layers for Text-to-Vector Generation24 May 2024
- 2024Text-to-Vector Generation with Neural Path Representation16 May 2024
- 2024Dynamic Typography: Bringing Text to Life via Video Diffusion Prior17 Apr 2024
- 2024Total Disentanglement of Font Images into Style and Character Class Features19 Mar 2024
50 newest of 91 All 91 (JSON)
- 2023SVGDreamer: Text Guided SVG Generation with Diffusion Modelcited by 75
- 2025LayerTracer: Cognitive-Aligned Layered SVG Synthesis via Diffusion Transformercited by 43
- 2024Chat2SVG: Vector Graphics Generation with Large Language Models and Image Diffusion Modelscited by 36
- 2023VecFusion: Vector Font Generation with Diffusioncited by 20
- 2024NIVeL: Neural Implicit Vector Layers for Text-to-Vector Generationcited by 17
- 2023ChiroDiff: Modelling chirographic data with Diffusion Modelscited by 14
- 2024Dynamic Typography: Bringing Text to Life via Video Diffusion Priorcited by 12
- 2023AmbiGen: Generating Ambigrams from Pre-trained Diffusion Modelcited by 2
- 2024SVGFusion: A VAE-Diffusion Transformer for Vector Graphic Generationcited by 1
- 2025LayerTracer: Cognitive-Aligned Layered SVG Synthesis via Diffusion Transformer3 Feb 2025
- 2024SVGFusion: A VAE-Diffusion Transformer for Vector Graphic Generation11 Dec 2024
- 2024Chat2SVG: Vector Graphics Generation with Large Language Models and Image Diffusion Models25 Nov 2024
- 2024NIVeL: Neural Implicit Vector Layers for Text-to-Vector Generation24 May 2024
- 2024Dynamic Typography: Bringing Text to Life via Video Diffusion Prior17 Apr 2024
- 2023SVGDreamer: Text Guided SVG Generation with Diffusion Model27 Dec 2023
- 2023VecFusion: Vector Font Generation with Diffusion16 Dec 2023
- 2023AmbiGen: Generating Ambigrams from Pre-trained Diffusion Model5 Dec 2023
- 2023ChiroDiff: Modelling chirographic data with Diffusion Models7 Apr 2023
- 2025UniSVG: A Unified Dataset for Vector Graphic Understanding and Generation with Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 14
- 2025InternSVG: Towards Unified SVG Tasks with Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 12
- 2026Render-in-the-Loop: Vector Graphics Generation via Visual Self-Feedbackcited by 12
- 2024FontCLIP: A Semantic Typography Visual-Language Model for Multilingual Font Applicationscited by 8
- 2023Beyond Pixels: Exploring Human-Readable SVG Generation for Simple Images with Vision Language Modelscited by 7
- 2025Semantic Document Derendering: SVG Reconstruction via Vision-Language Modelingcited by 3
- 2026Render-in-the-Loop: Vector Graphics Generation via Visual Self-Feedback22 Apr 2026
- 2025Semantic Document Derendering: SVG Reconstruction via Vision-Language Modeling17 Nov 2025
- 2025InternSVG: Towards Unified SVG Tasks with Multimodal Large Language Models13 Oct 2025
- 2025UniSVG: A Unified Dataset for Vector Graphic Understanding and Generation with Multimodal Large Language Models11 Aug 2025
- 2024FontCLIP: A Semantic Typography Visual-Language Model for Multilingual Font Applications11 Mar 2024
- 2023Beyond Pixels: Exploring Human-Readable SVG Generation for Simple Images with Vision Language Models27 Nov 2023
- 2021Im2Vec: Synthesizing Vector Graphics without Vector Supervisioncited by 114
- 2023StarVector: Generating Scalable Vector Graphics Code from Images and Textcited by 96
- 2021CanvasVAE: Learning to Generate Vector Graphic Documentscited by 93
- 2022Towards Layer-wise Image Vectorizationcited by 77
- 2023AutomaTikZ: Text-Guided Synthesis of Scientific Vector Graphics with TikZcited by 74
- 2023IconShop: Text-Guided Vector Icon Synthesis with Autoregressive Transformerscited by 73
- 2025OmniSVG: A Unified Scalable Vector Graphics Generation Modelcited by 71
- 2021SketchGen: Generating Constrained CAD Sketchescited by 68
- 2024Empowering LLMs to Understand and Generate Complex Vector Graphicscited by 63
- 2023Word-As-Image for Semantic Typographycited by 62
- 2021Engineering Sketch Generation for Computer-Aided Designcited by 49
- 2021Modern Evolution Strategies for Creativity: Fitting Concrete Images and Abstract Conceptscited by 40
12 most cited of 74 All 74 (JSON)
- 2026A Scalable Vector Graphics Latent Space22 Aug 2026
- 2026VecFontLLM: Anchor-Guided Direct Synthesis of Chinese Vector Fonts19 Jul 2026
- 2026HandwritingAgent: Language-Driven Handwriting Synthesis in Scalable Vector Space17 Jun 2026
- 2026NIV: Neural Axis Variations for Variable Font Generation3 Jun 2026
- 2026AnchorFlow: Learning Anchor Placement for Faithful and Editable SVG Reconstruction19 May 2026
- 2026Vector Scaffolding: Inter-Scale Orchestration for Differentiable Image Vectorization12 May 2026
- 2026VAnim: Rendering-Aware Sparse State Modeling for Structure-Preserving Vector Animation2 May 2026
- 2026mEOL: Training-Free Instruction-Guided Multimodal Embedder for Vector Graphics and Image Retrieval18 Apr 2026
- 2026DesigNet: Learning to Draw Vector Graphics as Designers Do7 Apr 2026
- 2026TikZilla: Scaling Text-to-TikZ with High-Quality Data and Reinforcement Learning3 Mar 2026
- 2026OmniLottie: Generating Vector Animations via Parameterized Lottie Tokens2 Mar 2026
- 2026VecGlypher: Unified Vector Glyph Generation with Language Models25 Feb 2026
12 newest of 74 All 74 (JSON)