mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

SpaceNet: A Remote Sensing Dataset and Challenge Series

arXiv 1807.01232 ↗First posted 3 Jul 2018cs.CVcited by 179

Not on the map. Why?

Abstract (arXiv)

Foundational mapping remains a challenge in many parts of the world, particularly in dynamic scenarios such as natural disasters when timely updates are critical. Updating maps is currently a highly manual process requiring a large number of human labelers to either create features or rigorously validate automated outputs. We propose that the frequent revisits of earth imaging satellite constellations may accelerate existing efforts to quickly update foundational maps when combined with advanced machine learning techniques. Accordingly, the SpaceNet partners (CosmiQ Works, Radiant Solutions, and NVIDIA), released a large corpus of labeled satellite imagery on Amazon Web Services (AWS) called SpaceNet. The SpaceNet partners also launched a series of public prize competitions to encourage improvement of remote sensing machine learning algorithms. The first two of these competitions focused on automated building footprint extraction, and the most recent challenge focused on road network extraction. In this paper we discuss the SpaceNet imagery, labels, evaluation metrics, prize challenge results to date, and future plans for the SpaceNet challenge series.

Key facts. Cited by 179 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 3 Jul 2018.

Builds on

No reference list yet.

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2021: 37; 2022: 19; 2023: 29; 2024: 27; 2025: 33; 2026: 34.

179 papers.

Sort:

By area:

  1. 2022SatMAE: Pre-training Transformers for Temporal and Multi-Spectral Satellite Imagerycited by 408
  2. 2022Scale-MAE: A Scale-Aware Masked Autoencoder for Multiscale Geospatial Representation Learningcited by 308
  3. 2021LoveDA: A Remote Sensing Land-Cover Dataset for Domain Adaptive Semantic Segmentationcited by 261
  4. 2023DiffusionSat: A Generative Foundation Model for Satellite Imagerycited by 131
  5. 2022OpenEarthMap: A Benchmark Dataset for Global High-Resolution Land Cover Mappingcited by 82
  6. 2022DynamicEarthNet: Daily Multi-Spectral Satellite Dataset for Semantic Change Segmentationcited by 78
  7. 2021TorchGeo: Deep Learning With Geospatial Datacited by 73
  8. 2024MTP: Advancing Remote Sensing Foundation Model via Multi-Task Pretrainingcited by 66
  9. 2021Change is Everywhere: Single-Temporal Supervised Object Change Detection in Remote Sensing Imagerycited by 64
  10. 2021The Multi-Temporal Urban Development SpaceNet Datasetcited by 62
  11. 2021SustainBench: Benchmarks for Monitoring the Sustainable Development Goals with Machine Learningcited by 54
  12. 2021Continental-Scale Building Detection from High Resolution Satellite Imagerycited by 50
38 more
  1. 2021Self-Supervised Material and Texture Representation Learning for Remote Sensing Taskscited by 49
  2. 2023Segment anything, from space?cited by 42
  3. 2022Open High-Resolution Satellite Imagery: The WorldStrat Dataset -- With Application to Super-Resolutioncited by 40
  4. 2022EarthNets: Empowering AI in Earth Observationcited by 40
  5. 2021EarthNet2021: A large-scale dataset and challenge for Earth surface forecasting as a guided video prediction taskcited by 34
  6. 2025Panopticon: Advancing Any-Sensor Foundation Models for Earth Observationcited by 34
  7. 2022Enabling Country-Scale Land Cover Mapping with Meter-Resolution Satellite Imagerycited by 31
  8. 2021HEAT: Holistic Edge Attention Transformer for Structured Reconstructioncited by 29
  9. 2024Segment Anything Model for Road Network Graph Extractioncited by 28
  10. 2022RNGDet: Road Network Graph Detection by Transformer in Aerial Imagescited by 26
  11. 2024SegEarth-OV: Towards Training-Free Open-Vocabulary Segmentation for Remote Sensing Imagescited by 25
  12. 2022RNGDet++: Road Network Graph Detection by Transformer with Instance Segmentation and Multi-scale Features Enhancementcited by 24
  13. 2025GEO-Bench-2: From Performance to Capability, Rethinking Evaluation in Geospatial AIcited by 21
  14. 2023Learning and Aggregating Lane Graphs for Urban Automated Drivingcited by 20
  15. 2021Topo-boundary: A Benchmark Dataset on Topological Road-boundary Detection Using Aerial Images for Autonomous Drivingcited by 19
  16. 2022Self-Pair: Synthesizing Changes from Single Source for Object Change Detection in Remote Sensing Imagerycited by 19
  17. 2024Towards Open-Vocabulary Remote Sensing Image Semantic Segmentationcited by 19
  18. 2025A Survey on Remote Sensing Foundation Models: From Vision to Multimodalitycited by 19
  19. 2021Lane Graph Estimation for Scene Understanding in Urban Drivingcited by 18
  20. 2025Vision-Language Modeling Meets Remote Sensing: Models, Datasets and Perspectivescited by 18
  21. 2023Revisiting Evaluation Metrics for Semantic Segmentation: Optimization and Evaluation of Fine-grained Intersection over Unioncited by 17
  22. 2024Survey of Large Multimodal Model Datasets, Application Categories and Taxonomycited by 17
  23. 2025HyperFree: A Channel-adaptive and Tuning-free Foundation Model for Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Imagerycited by 17
  24. 2023There Are No Data Like More Data- Datasets for Deep Learning in Earth Observationcited by 16
  25. 2024ExPLoRA: Parameter-Efficient Extended Pre-Training to Adapt Vision Transformers under Domain Shiftscited by 16
  26. 2025SegEarth-OV3: Exploring SAM 3 for Open-Vocabulary Semantic Segmentation in Remote Sensing Imagescited by 16
  27. 2021Panoptic Segmentation Meets Remote Sensingcited by 14
  28. 2022High-Definition Map Generation Technologies For Autonomous Drivingcited by 14
  29. 2025TerraMesh: A Planetary Mosaic of Multimodal Earth Observation Datacited by 14
  30. 2021Seeing Through Clouds in Satellite Imagescited by 13
  31. 2024GeoLLaVA: Efficient Fine-Tuned Vision-Language Models for Temporal Change Detection in Remote Sensingcited by 13
  32. 2025LISAT: Language-Instructed Segmentation Assistant for Satellite Imagerycited by 13
  33. 2021csBoundary: City-scale Road-boundary Detection in Aerial Images for High-definition Mapscited by 12
  34. 20213D Instance Segmentation of MVS Buildingscited by 12
  35. 2022BuildMapper: A Fully Learnable Framework for Vectorized Building Contour Extractioncited by 12
  36. 2024Harnessing Massive Satellite Imagery with Efficient Masked Image Modelingcited by 12
  37. 2024FUSU: A Multi-temporal-source Land Use Change Segmentation Dataset for Fine-grained Urban Semantic Understandingcited by 11
  38. 2024OpenSatMap: A Fine-grained High-resolution Satellite Dataset for Large-scale Map Constructioncited by 11

50 most cited of 179 All 179 (JSON)