High-Definition Map Generation Technologies For Autonomous Driving
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
Autonomous driving has been among the most popular and challenging topics in the past few years. On the road to achieving full autonomy, researchers have utilized various sensors, such as LiDAR, camera, Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), and GPS, and developed intelligent algorithms for autonomous driving applications such as object detection, object segmentation, obstacle avoidance, and path planning. High-definition (HD) maps have drawn lots of attention in recent years. Because of the high precision and informative level of HD maps in localization, it has immediately become one of the critical components of autonomous driving. From big organizations like Baidu Apollo, NVIDIA, and TomTom to individual researchers, researchers have created HD maps for different scenes and purposes for autonomous driving. It is necessary to review the state-of-the-art methods for HD map generation. This paper reviews recent HD map generation technologies that leverage both 2D and 3D map generation. This review introduces the concept of HD maps and their usefulness in autonomous driving and gives a detailed overview of HD map generation techniques. We will also discuss the limitations of the current HD map generation technologies to motivate future research.
Key facts. Cited by 14 papers in the map (data through 13 Oct 2026). Builds on 50 of its 141 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 11 Jun 2022.
Builds on
50 of 141 references.
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Citing papers per year: 2022: 1; 2023: 3; 2024: 4; 2025: 3; 2026: 3.
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- 2024P-MapNet: Far-seeing Map Generator Enhanced by both SDMap and HDMap Priorscited by 54
- 2023Towards Knowledge-driven Autonomous Drivingcited by 29
- 2022R3LIVE++: A Robust, Real-time, Radiance reconstruction package with a tightly-coupled LiDAR-Inertial-Visual state Estimatorcited by 3
- 2023An Overview about Emerging Technologies of Autonomous Drivingcited by 2
- 2023Multi-LiDAR Localization and Mapping Pipeline for Urban Autonomous Drivingcited by 2
- 2025Inferring Driving Maps by Deep Learning-based Trail Map Extractioncited by 2
- 2026SEF-MAP: Subspace-Decomposed Expert Fusion for Robust Multimodal HD Map Predictioncited by 2
- 2025Maps for Autonomous Driving: Full-process Survey and Frontierscited by 1
- 2026Learning Ego-Centric BEV Representations from a Perspective-Privileged View: Cross-View Supervision for Online HD Map Constructioncited by 1
- 2024PLCNet: Patch-wise Lane Correction Network for Automatic Lane Correction in High-definition Mapscited by 0
- 2024Automatic Odometry-Less OpenDRIVE Generation From Sparse Point Cloudscited by 0
- 2024Automated Parking Planning with Vision-Based BEV Approachcited by 0
- 2026Learning Ego-Centric BEV Representations from a Perspective-Privileged View: Cross-View Supervision for Online HD Map Construction12 May 2026
- 2026SEF-MAP: Subspace-Decomposed Expert Fusion for Robust Multimodal HD Map Prediction25 Feb 2026
- 2026Faster Training, Fewer Labels: Self-Supervised Pretraining for Fine-Grained BEV Segmentation20 Feb 2026
- 2025Maps for Autonomous Driving: Full-process Survey and Frontiers16 Sep 2025
- 2025Inferring Driving Maps by Deep Learning-based Trail Map Extraction15 May 2025
- 2025FlexCloud: Direct, Modular Georeferencing and Drift-Correction of Point Cloud Maps1 Feb 2025
- 2024Automated Parking Planning with Vision-Based BEV Approach24 May 2024
- 2024Automatic Odometry-Less OpenDRIVE Generation From Sparse Point Clouds13 May 2024
- 2024P-MapNet: Far-seeing Map Generator Enhanced by both SDMap and HDMap Priors15 Mar 2024
- 2024PLCNet: Patch-wise Lane Correction Network for Automatic Lane Correction in High-definition Maps25 Jan 2024
- 2023Towards Knowledge-driven Autonomous Driving7 Dec 2023
- 2023Multi-LiDAR Localization and Mapping Pipeline for Urban Autonomous Driving3 Nov 2023
- 2023Towards Knowledge-driven Autonomous Drivingcited by 29
- 2023An Overview about Emerging Technologies of Autonomous Drivingcited by 2
- 2025Maps for Autonomous Driving: Full-process Survey and Frontierscited by 1
- 2025Maps for Autonomous Driving: Full-process Survey and Frontiers16 Sep 2025
- 2023Towards Knowledge-driven Autonomous Driving7 Dec 2023
- 2023An Overview about Emerging Technologies of Autonomous Driving23 Jun 2023
- 2024P-MapNet: Far-seeing Map Generator Enhanced by both SDMap and HDMap Priorscited by 54
- 2022R3LIVE++: A Robust, Real-time, Radiance reconstruction package with a tightly-coupled LiDAR-Inertial-Visual state Estimatorcited by 3
- 2023Multi-LiDAR Localization and Mapping Pipeline for Urban Autonomous Drivingcited by 2
- 2025Inferring Driving Maps by Deep Learning-based Trail Map Extractioncited by 2
- 2026SEF-MAP: Subspace-Decomposed Expert Fusion for Robust Multimodal HD Map Predictioncited by 2
- 2026Learning Ego-Centric BEV Representations from a Perspective-Privileged View: Cross-View Supervision for Online HD Map Constructioncited by 1
- 2024PLCNet: Patch-wise Lane Correction Network for Automatic Lane Correction in High-definition Mapscited by 0
- 2024Automatic Odometry-Less OpenDRIVE Generation From Sparse Point Cloudscited by 0
- 2024Automated Parking Planning with Vision-Based BEV Approachcited by 0
- 2025FlexCloud: Direct, Modular Georeferencing and Drift-Correction of Point Cloud Mapscited by 0
- 2026Faster Training, Fewer Labels: Self-Supervised Pretraining for Fine-Grained BEV Segmentationcited by 0
- 2026Learning Ego-Centric BEV Representations from a Perspective-Privileged View: Cross-View Supervision for Online HD Map Construction12 May 2026
- 2026SEF-MAP: Subspace-Decomposed Expert Fusion for Robust Multimodal HD Map Prediction25 Feb 2026
- 2026Faster Training, Fewer Labels: Self-Supervised Pretraining for Fine-Grained BEV Segmentation20 Feb 2026
- 2025Inferring Driving Maps by Deep Learning-based Trail Map Extraction15 May 2025
- 2025FlexCloud: Direct, Modular Georeferencing and Drift-Correction of Point Cloud Maps1 Feb 2025
- 2024Automated Parking Planning with Vision-Based BEV Approach24 May 2024
- 2024Automatic Odometry-Less OpenDRIVE Generation From Sparse Point Clouds13 May 2024
- 2024P-MapNet: Far-seeing Map Generator Enhanced by both SDMap and HDMap Priors15 Mar 2024
- 2024PLCNet: Patch-wise Lane Correction Network for Automatic Lane Correction in High-definition Maps25 Jan 2024
- 2023Multi-LiDAR Localization and Mapping Pipeline for Urban Autonomous Driving3 Nov 2023
- 2022R3LIVE++: A Robust, Real-time, Radiance reconstruction package with a tightly-coupled LiDAR-Inertial-Visual state Estimator8 Sep 2022