mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Deep learning in remote sensing: a review

arXiv 1710.03959 ↗First posted 11 Oct 2017cs.CV eess.IVcited by 128

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Abstract (arXiv)

Standing at the paradigm shift towards data-intensive science, machine learning techniques are becoming increasingly important. In particular, as a major breakthrough in the field, deep learning has proven as an extremely powerful tool in many fields. Shall we embrace deep learning as the key to all? Or, should we resist a 'black-box' solution? There are controversial opinions in the remote sensing community. In this article, we analyze the challenges of using deep learning for remote sensing data analysis, review the recent advances, and provide resources to make deep learning in remote sensing ridiculously simple to start with. More importantly, we advocate remote sensing scientists to bring their expertise into deep learning, and use it as an implicit general model to tackle unprecedented large-scale influential challenges, such as climate change and urbanization.

Key facts. Cited by 128 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 11 Oct 2017.

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2021: 37; 2022: 40; 2023: 26; 2024: 9; 2025: 13; 2026: 3.

128 papers.

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  1. 2021A Survey of Uncertainty in Deep Neural Networkscited by 680
  2. 2023RSGPT: A Remote Sensing Vision Language Model and Benchmarkcited by 207
  3. 2023CROMA: Remote Sensing Representations with Contrastive Radar-Optical Masked Autoencoderscited by 169
  4. 2022Self-supervised Learning in Remote Sensing: A Reviewcited by 137
  5. 2021Seeing biodiversity: perspectives in machine learning for wildlife conservationcited by 130
  6. 2023GEO-Bench: Toward Foundation Models for Earth Monitoringcited by 124
  7. 2022OpenEarthMap: A Benchmark Dataset for Global High-Resolution Land Cover Mappingcited by 82
  8. 2024Mission Critical -- Satellite Data is a Distinct Modality in Machine Learningcited by 77
  9. 2022Deep Learning in Multimodal Remote Sensing Data Fusion: A Comprehensive Reviewcited by 73
  10. 2021Mixture Outlier Exposure: Towards Out-of-Distribution Detection in Fine-grained Environmentscited by 66
  11. 2022Transformers in Remote Sensing: A Surveycited by 61
  12. 2021Hyperspectral Image Classification-Traditional to Deep Models: A Survey for Future Prospectscited by 49
38 more
  1. 2023CMID: A Unified Self-Supervised Learning Framework for Remote Sensing Image Understandingcited by 48
  2. 2021Multimodal Remote Sensing Benchmark Datasets for Land Cover Classification with A Shared and Specific Feature Learning Modelcited by 43
  3. 2023Change Detection Methods for Remote Sensing in the Last Decade: A Comprehensive Reviewcited by 41
  4. 2022From Easy to Hard: Learning Language-guided Curriculum for Visual Question Answering on Remote Sensing Datacited by 39
  5. 2021A Review on Deep Learning in UAV Remote Sensingcited by 32
  6. 2022Enabling Country-Scale Land Cover Mapping with Meter-Resolution Satellite Imagerycited by 31
  7. 2021Semantic Segmentation of Remote Sensing Images with Sparse Annotationscited by 30
  8. 2023SpectralDiff: A Generative Framework for Hyperspectral Image Classification with Diffusion Modelscited by 28
  9. 2021The QXS-SAROPT Dataset for Deep Learning in SAR-Optical Data Fusioncited by 27
  10. 2021Towards a Collective Agenda on AI for Earth Science Data Analysiscited by 27
  11. 2021Self-supervised Audiovisual Representation Learning for Remote Sensing Datacited by 24
  12. 2022Self-supervised remote sensing feature learning: Learning Paradigms, Challenges, and Future Workscited by 24
  13. 2021A Comprehensive Review of Deep Learning-based Single Image Super-resolutioncited by 23
  14. 2022AI Security for Geoscience and Remote Sensing: Challenges and Future Trendscited by 23
  15. 2021ABCNet: Attentive Bilateral Contextual Network for Efficient Semantic Segmentation of Fine-Resolution Remote Sensing Imagescited by 22
  16. 2021Building extraction with vision transformercited by 22
  17. 2021Toward Foundation Models for Earth Monitoring: Proposal for a Climate Change Benchmarkcited by 22
  18. 2021Active Fire Detection in Landsat-8 Imagery: a Large-Scale Dataset and a Deep-Learning Studycited by 21
  19. 2021Self-supervised pre-training enhances change detection in Sentinel-2 imagerycited by 21
  20. 2022Dual-Tasks Siamese Transformer Framework for Building Damage Assessmentcited by 20
  21. 2022Self-Supervised Learning for Invariant Representations from Multi-Spectral and SAR Imagescited by 20
  22. 2023Remote Sensing Object Detection Meets Deep Learning: A Meta-review of Challenges and Advancescited by 20
  23. 2021Self-Supervised Multisensor Change Detectioncited by 19
  24. 2022Current Trends in Deep Learning for Earth Observation: An Open-source Benchmark Arena for Image Classificationcited by 18
  25. 2022Semantic-aware Dense Representation Learning for Remote Sensing Image Change Detectioncited by 16
  26. 2023There Are No Data Like More Data- Datasets for Deep Learning in Earth Observationcited by 16
  27. 2021Benchmarking and scaling of deep learning models for land cover image classificationcited by 14
  28. 2021HED-UNet: Combined Segmentation and Edge Detection for Monitoring the Antarctic Coastlinecited by 13
  29. 2021MSMatch: Semi-Supervised Multispectral Scene Classification with Few Labelscited by 12
  30. 2022Unsupervised Multimodal Change Detection Based on Structural Relationship Graph Representation Learningcited by 12
  31. 2022High-resolution canopy height map in the Landes forest (France) based on GEDI, Sentinel-1, and Sentinel-2 data with a deep learning approachcited by 12
  32. 2023GeoMultiTaskNet: remote sensing unsupervised domain adaptation using geographical coordinatescited by 12
  33. 2024DeepPhysiNet: Bridging Deep Learning and Atmospheric Physics for Accurate and Continuous Weather Modelingcited by 12
  34. 2023Empirical Validation of Conformal Prediction for Trustworthy Skin Lesions Classificationcited by 11
  35. 2022Consistency-Regularized Region-Growing Network for Semantic Segmentation of Urban Scenes with Point-Level Annotationscited by 10
  36. 2022Inferring 3D change detection from bitemporal optical imagescited by 10
  37. 2021Appearance Based Deep Domain Adaptation for the Classification of Aerial Imagescited by 9
  38. 2021Spatial Context Awareness for Unsupervised Change Detection in Optical Satellite Imagescited by 8

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