mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Toward Foundation Models for Earth Monitoring: Proposal for a Climate Change Benchmark

arXiv 2112.00570 ↗First posted 1 Dec 2021cs.LG physics.geo-phcited by 22

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Abstract (arXiv)

Recent progress in self-supervision shows that pre-training large neural networks on vast amounts of unsupervised data can lead to impressive increases in generalisation for downstream tasks. Such models, recently coined as foundation models, have been transformational to the field of natural language processing. While similar models have also been trained on large corpuses of images, they are not well suited for remote sensing data. To stimulate the development of foundation models for Earth monitoring, we propose to develop a new benchmark comprised of a variety of downstream tasks related to climate change. We believe that this can lead to substantial improvements in many existing applications and facilitate the development of new applications. This proposal is also a call for collaboration with the aim of developing a better evaluation process to mitigate potential downsides of foundation models for Earth monitoring.

Key facts. Cited by 22 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 31 of its 60 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 1 Dec 2021.

Builds on

31 of 60 references.

References · 31

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19 more
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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2022: 1; 2023: 12; 2024: 3; 2025: 5; 2026: 1.

22 papers.

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  1. 2023CROMA: Remote Sensing Representations with Contrastive Radar-Optical Masked Autoencoderscited by 167
  2. 2024OmniSat: Self-Supervised Modality Fusion for Earth Observationcited by 63
  3. 2024PANGAEA: A Global and Inclusive Benchmark for Geospatial Foundation Modelscited by 62
  4. 2023FoMo: Multi-Modal, Multi-Scale and Multi-Task Remote Sensing Foundation Models for Forest Monitoringcited by 30
  5. 2024TorchSpatial: A Location Encoding Framework and Benchmark for Spatial Representation Learningcited by 29
  6. 2023USat: A Unified Self-Supervised Encoder for Multi-Sensor Satellite Imagerycited by 28
  7. 2023Revisiting pre-trained remote sensing model benchmarks: resizing and normalization matterscited by 27
  8. 2023What a MESS: Multi-Domain Evaluation of Zero-Shot Semantic Segmentationcited by 24
  9. 2023Cascaded Zoom-in Detector for High Resolution Aerial Imagescited by 17
  10. 2023When Geoscience Meets Foundation Models: Towards General Geoscience Artificial Intelligence Systemcited by 13
  11. 2025EarthView: A Large Scale Remote Sensing Dataset for Self-Supervisioncited by 11
  12. 2025Parameter-Efficient Adaptation of Geospatial Foundation Models through Embedding Deflectioncited by 10
10 more
  1. 2023Fewshot learning on global multimodal embeddings for earth observation taskscited by 6
  2. 2025Foundation Models for Environmental Science: A Survey of Emerging Frontierscited by 4
  3. 2025CP2M: Clustered-Patch-Mixed Mosaic Augmentation for Aerial Image Segmentationcited by 3
  4. 2026Utilizing Earth Foundation Models to Enhance the Simulation Performance of Hydrological Models with AlphaEarth Embeddingscited by 3
  5. 2023Conservation Tools: The Next Generation of Engineering--Biology Collaborationscited by 2
  6. 2023On-orbit model training for satellite imagery with label proportionscited by 1
  7. 2025Leveraging AI multimodal geospatial foundation models for improved near-real-time flood mapping at a global scalecited by 1
  8. 2022Can Information Behaviour Inform Machine Learning?cited by 0
  9. 2023Supply chain emission estimation using large language modelscited by 0
  10. 2023Joint-YODNet: A Light-weight Object Detector for UAVs to Achieve Above 100fpscited by 0