SfM-Net: Learning of Structure and Motion from Video
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Abstract (arXiv)
We propose SfM-Net, a geometry-aware neural network for motion estimation in videos that decomposes frame-to-frame pixel motion in terms of scene and object depth, camera motion and 3D object rotations and translations. Given a sequence of frames, SfM-Net predicts depth, segmentation, camera and rigid object motions, converts those into a dense frame-to-frame motion field (optical flow), differentiably warps frames in time to match pixels and back-propagates. The model can be trained with various degrees of supervision: 1) self-supervised by the re-projection photometric error (completely unsupervised), 2) supervised by ego-motion (camera motion), or 3) supervised by depth (e.g., as provided by RGBD sensors). SfM-Net extracts meaningful depth estimates and successfully estimates frame-to-frame camera rotations and translations. It often successfully segments the moving objects in the scene, even though such supervision is never provided.
Key facts. Cited by 89 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 25 Apr 2017.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 31; 2022: 21; 2023: 16; 2024: 13; 2025: 5; 2026: 3.
89 papers.
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- 2022Point-NeRF: Point-based Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 503
- 2023TAPIR: Tracking Any Point with per-frame Initialization and temporal Refinementcited by 281
- 2022TAP-Vid: A Benchmark for Tracking Any Point in a Videocited by 258
- 2021Is Pseudo-Lidar needed for Monocular 3D Object detection?cited by 248
- 2021The Temporal Opportunist: Self-Supervised Multi-Frame Monocular Depthcited by 190
- 2024MeshLRM: Large Reconstruction Model for High-Quality Meshescited by 138
- 2021MINE: Towards Continuous Depth MPI with NeRF for Novel View Synthesiscited by 133
- 2022RelPose: Predicting Probabilistic Relative Rotation for Single Objects in the Wildcited by 102
- 2021NeuTex: Neural Texture Mapping for Volumetric Neural Renderingcited by 98
- 2023Audio-Visual Segmentation with Semanticscited by 73
- 2023Detector-Free Structure from Motioncited by 71
- 2021Unsupervised Scale-consistent Depth Learning from Videocited by 69
38 more
- 2023Tetra-NeRF: Representing Neural Radiance Fields Using Tetrahedracited by 57
- 2021Semantics for Robotic Mapping, Perception and Interaction: A Surveycited by 56
- 2021Radar-Camera Pixel Depth Association for Depth Completioncited by 49
- 2021UnsupervisedR&R: Unsupervised Point Cloud Registration via Differentiable Renderingcited by 44
- 2023Egocentric Audio-Visual Object Localizationcited by 40
- 2022BiFuse++: Self-supervised and Efficient Bi-projection Fusion for 360 Depth Estimationcited by 35
- 2022Learning Optical Flow, Depth, and Scene Flow without Real-World Labelscited by 31
- 2022PVO: Panoptic Visual Odometrycited by 26
- 2022EgoLoc: Revisiting 3D Object Localization from Egocentric Videos with Visual Queriescited by 25
- 2023NeuManifold: Neural Watertight Manifold Reconstruction with Efficient and High-Quality Rendering Supportcited by 25
- 2023SQLdepth: Generalizable Self-Supervised Fine-Structured Monocular Depth Estimationcited by 21
- 2023Dynamo-Depth: Fixing Unsupervised Depth Estimation for Dynamical Scenescited by 20
- 2021Outdoor inverse rendering from a single image using multiview self-supervisioncited by 18
- 2021Learning monocular 3D reconstruction of articulated categories from motioncited by 18
- 2021Self-Supervised Depth and Ego-Motion Estimation for Monocular Thermal Video Using Multi-Spectral Consistency Losscited by 16
- 2021Deep Permutation Equivariant Structure from Motioncited by 15
- 2021Pushing it out of the Way: Interactive Visual Navigationcited by 14
- 2022Maximizing Self-supervision from Thermal Image for Effective Self-supervised Learning of Depth and Ego-motioncited by 14
- 2022ChiTransformer:Towards Reliable Stereo from Cuescited by 14
- 2022Learning Viewpoint-Agnostic Visual Representations by Recovering Tokens in 3D Spacecited by 13
- 2021Dimensions of Motion: Monocular Prediction through Flow Subspacescited by 10
- 2022MonoNeRF: Learning Generalizable NeRFs from Monocular Videos without Camera Posecited by 10
- 2023EC-SfM: Efficient Covisibility-based Structure-from-Motion for Both Sequential and Unordered Imagescited by 9
- 2021Moving SLAM: Fully Unsupervised Deep Learning in Non-Rigid Scenescited by 8
- 2021CamLessMonoDepth: Monocular Depth Estimation with Unknown Camera Parameterscited by 8
- 2024SPIdepth: Strengthened Pose Information for Self-supervised Monocular Depth Estimationcited by 8
- 2024Cross-spectral Gated-RGB Stereo Depth Estimationcited by 8
- 2021On the Sins of Image Synthesis Loss for Self-supervised Depth Estimationcited by 7
- 2021A Survey and Empirical Evaluation of Parallel Deep Learning Frameworkscited by 7
- 2021ColDE: A Depth Estimation Framework for Colonoscopy Reconstructioncited by 7
- 2022Vision-Based Environmental Perception for Autonomous Drivingcited by 7
- 2023Gated Stereo: Joint Depth Estimation from Gated and Wide-Baseline Active Stereo Cuescited by 7
- 2024Ego3DT: Tracking Every 3D Object in Ego-centric Videoscited by 7
- 2021Gated2Gated: Self-Supervised Depth Estimation from Gated Imagescited by 6
- 2023MonoProb: Self-Supervised Monocular Depth Estimation with Interpretable Uncertaintycited by 6
- 2024ProDepth: Boosting Self-Supervised Multi-Frame Monocular Depth with Probabilistic Fusioncited by 6
- 2024GroCo: Ground Constraint for Metric Self-Supervised Monocular Depthcited by 6
- 2024On Moving Object Segmentation from Monocular Video with Transformerscited by 6
50 most cited of 89 All 89 (JSON)
- 2026Reconstructing the Dynamic World: A Representation-Centric View of 4D Scene Reconstruction30 Sep 2026
- 2026GenStream: Semantic Streaming Framework for Generative Reconstruction of Human-centric Media16 Sep 2026
- 2026Scene-Centric Unsupervised Video Panoptic Segmentation3 Jun 2026
- 2025A Minimal Solver for Relative Pose Estimation with Unknown Focal Length from Two Affine Correspondences28 Dec 2025
- 2025Globally Optimal Solution to the Generalized Relative Pose Estimation Problem using Affine Correspondences19 Dec 2025
- 2025PoseIDON: 6DoF Pose Estimation with Foundation Model Features for Marine Sediment Burial Mapping12 Jun 2025
- 2025Cutting-edge 3D reconstruction solutions for underwater coral reef images: A review and comparison27 Feb 2025
- 2025CULTURE3D: A Large-Scale and Diverse Dataset of Cultural Landmarks and Terrains for Gaussian-Based Scene Rendering12 Jan 2025
- 2024MambaVO: Deep Visual Odometry Based on Sequential Matching Refinement and Training Smoothing28 Dec 2024
- 2024On-Device Self-Supervised Learning of Low-Latency Monocular Depth from Only Events9 Dec 2024
- 2024On Moving Object Segmentation from Monocular Video with Transformers28 Nov 2024
- 2024Ego3DT: Tracking Every 3D Object in Ego-centric Videos11 Oct 2024
38 more
- 2024GroCo: Ground Constraint for Metric Self-Supervised Monocular Depth23 Sep 2024
- 2024Geometry-Aware Feature Matching for Large-Scale Structure from Motion3 Sep 2024
- 2024Improving Neural Surface Reconstruction with Feature Priors from Multi-View Image4 Aug 2024
- 2024ProDepth: Boosting Self-Supervised Multi-Frame Monocular Depth with Probabilistic Fusion12 Jul 2024
- 2024MambaDepth: Enhancing Long-range Dependency for Self-Supervised Fine-Structured Monocular Depth Estimation6 Jun 2024
- 2024Cross-spectral Gated-RGB Stereo Depth Estimation21 May 2024
- 2024SPIdepth: Strengthened Pose Information for Self-supervised Monocular Depth Estimation18 Apr 2024
- 2024MeshLRM: Large Reconstruction Model for High-Quality Meshes18 Apr 2024
- 2024On depth prediction for autonomous driving using self-supervised learning10 Mar 2024
- 2023MonoProb: Self-Supervised Monocular Depth Estimation with Interpretable Uncertainty10 Nov 2023
- 2023Dynamo-Depth: Fixing Unsupervised Depth Estimation for Dynamical Scenes29 Oct 2023
- 2023Learning depth from monocular video sequences26 Oct 2023
- 2023UFD-PRiME: Unsupervised Joint Learning of Optical Flow and Stereo Depth through Pixel-Level Rigid Motion Estimation7 Oct 2023
- 2023SQLdepth: Generalizable Self-Supervised Fine-Structured Monocular Depth Estimation1 Sep 2023
- 2023Detector-Free Structure from Motion27 Jun 2023
- 2023TAPIR: Tracking Any Point with per-frame Initialization and temporal Refinement14 Jun 2023
- 2023NeuManifold: Neural Watertight Manifold Reconstruction with Efficient and High-Quality Rendering Support26 May 2023
- 2023Gated Stereo: Joint Depth Estimation from Gated and Wide-Baseline Active Stereo Cues22 May 2023
- 2023Edge-aware Consistent Stereo Video Depth Estimation4 May 2023
- 2023Tetra-NeRF: Representing Neural Radiance Fields Using Tetrahedra19 Apr 2023
- 2023Multi-Frame Self-Supervised Depth Estimation with Multi-Scale Feature Fusion in Dynamic Scenes26 Mar 2023
- 2023Egocentric Audio-Visual Object Localization23 Mar 2023
- 2023STDepthFormer: Predicting Spatio-temporal Depth from Video with a Self-supervised Transformer Model2 Mar 2023
- 2023EC-SfM: Efficient Covisibility-based Structure-from-Motion for Both Sequential and Unordered Images21 Feb 2023
- 2023Audio-Visual Segmentation with Semantics30 Jan 2023
- 2022Vision-Based Environmental Perception for Autonomous Driving22 Dec 2022
- 2022EgoLoc: Revisiting 3D Object Localization from Egocentric Videos with Visual Queries14 Dec 2022
- 2022TAP-Vid: A Benchmark for Tracking Any Point in a Video7 Nov 2022
- 2022Learning Universe Model for Partial Matching Networks over Multiple Graphs19 Oct 2022
- 2022MonoNeRF: Learning Generalizable NeRFs from Monocular Videos without Camera Pose13 Oct 2022
- 2022INV-Flow2PoseNet: Light-Resistant Rigid Object Pose from Optical Flow of RGB-D Images using Images, Normals and Vertices14 Sep 2022
- 2022BiFuse++: Self-supervised and Efficient Bi-projection Fusion for 360 Depth Estimation7 Sep 2022
- 2022Neural Camera Models27 Aug 2022
- 2022RelPose: Predicting Probabilistic Relative Rotation for Single Objects in the Wild11 Aug 2022
- 2022PVO: Panoptic Visual Odometry4 Jul 2022
- 2022How Far Can I Go ? : A Self-Supervised Approach for Deterministic Video Depth Forecasting1 Jul 2022
- 2022Learning Viewpoint-Agnostic Visual Representations by Recovering Tokens in 3D Space23 Jun 2022
- 2022Surround-View Cameras based Holistic Visual Perception for Automated Driving11 Jun 2022
50 newest of 89 All 89 (JSON)
- 2022Point-NeRF: Point-based Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 503
- 2023TAPIR: Tracking Any Point with per-frame Initialization and temporal Refinementcited by 281
- 2022TAP-Vid: A Benchmark for Tracking Any Point in a Videocited by 258
- 2021Is Pseudo-Lidar needed for Monocular 3D Object detection?cited by 248
- 2021The Temporal Opportunist: Self-Supervised Multi-Frame Monocular Depthcited by 190
- 2024MeshLRM: Large Reconstruction Model for High-Quality Meshescited by 138
- 2021MINE: Towards Continuous Depth MPI with NeRF for Novel View Synthesiscited by 133
- 2022RelPose: Predicting Probabilistic Relative Rotation for Single Objects in the Wildcited by 102
- 2021NeuTex: Neural Texture Mapping for Volumetric Neural Renderingcited by 98
- 2023Audio-Visual Segmentation with Semanticscited by 73
- 2023Detector-Free Structure from Motioncited by 71
- 2021Unsupervised Scale-consistent Depth Learning from Videocited by 69
12 most cited of 87 All 87 (JSON)
- 2026Reconstructing the Dynamic World: A Representation-Centric View of 4D Scene Reconstruction30 Sep 2026
- 2026GenStream: Semantic Streaming Framework for Generative Reconstruction of Human-centric Media16 Sep 2026
- 2026Scene-Centric Unsupervised Video Panoptic Segmentation3 Jun 2026
- 2025A Minimal Solver for Relative Pose Estimation with Unknown Focal Length from Two Affine Correspondences28 Dec 2025
- 2025Globally Optimal Solution to the Generalized Relative Pose Estimation Problem using Affine Correspondences19 Dec 2025
- 2025PoseIDON: 6DoF Pose Estimation with Foundation Model Features for Marine Sediment Burial Mapping12 Jun 2025
- 2025Cutting-edge 3D reconstruction solutions for underwater coral reef images: A review and comparison27 Feb 2025
- 2025CULTURE3D: A Large-Scale and Diverse Dataset of Cultural Landmarks and Terrains for Gaussian-Based Scene Rendering12 Jan 2025
- 2024On-Device Self-Supervised Learning of Low-Latency Monocular Depth from Only Events9 Dec 2024
- 2024On Moving Object Segmentation from Monocular Video with Transformers28 Nov 2024
- 2024Ego3DT: Tracking Every 3D Object in Ego-centric Videos11 Oct 2024
- 2024GroCo: Ground Constraint for Metric Self-Supervised Monocular Depth23 Sep 2024
12 newest of 87 All 87 (JSON)