BiFuse++: Self-supervised and Efficient Bi-projection Fusion for 360 Depth Estimation
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Abstract (arXiv)
Due to the rise of spherical cameras, monocular 360 depth estimation becomes an important technique for many applications (e.g., autonomous systems). Thus, state-of-the-art frameworks for monocular 360 depth estimation such as bi-projection fusion in BiFuse are proposed. To train such a framework, a large number of panoramas along with the corresponding depth ground truths captured by laser sensors are required, which highly increases the cost of data collection. Moreover, since such a data collection procedure is time-consuming, the scalability of extending these methods to different scenes becomes a challenge. To this end, self-training a network for monocular depth estimation from 360 videos is one way to alleviate this issue. However, there are no existing frameworks that incorporate bi-projection fusion into the self-training scheme, which highly limits the self-supervised performance since bi-projection fusion can leverage information from different projection types. In this paper, we propose BiFuse++ to explore the combination of bi-projection fusion and the self-training scenario. To be specific, we propose a new fusion module and Contrast-Aware Photometric Loss to improve the performance of BiFuse and increase the stability of self-training on real-world videos. We conduct both supervised and self-supervised experiments on benchmark datasets and achieve state-of-the-art performance.
Key facts. Cited by 35 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 44 of its 55 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 7 Sep 2022.
Builds on
44 of 55 references.
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32 more
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Citing papers per year: 2023: 3; 2024: 12; 2025: 9; 2026: 11.
35 papers.
Sort:
- 2025UniK3D: Universal Camera Monocular 3D Estimationcited by 62
- 2023EGformer: Equirectangular Geometry-biased Transformer for 360 Depth Estimationcited by 43
- 2024Depth Anywhere: Enhancing 360 Monocular Depth Estimation via Perspective Distillation and Unlabeled Data Augmentationcited by 38
- 2023HRDFuse: Monocular 360degDepth Estimation by Collaboratively Learning Holistic-with-Regional Depth Distributionscited by 37
- 2024Elite360D: Towards Efficient 360 Depth Estimation via Semantic- and Distance-Aware Bi-Projection Fusioncited by 31
- 2025DA2: Depth Anything in Any Directioncited by 25
- 2024PanDA: Towards Panoramic Depth Anything with Unlabeled Panoramas and Mobius Spatial Augmentationcited by 22
- 2024SphereUFormer: A U-Shaped Transformer for Spherical 360 Perceptioncited by 13
- 2025Omnidirectional Multi-Object Trackingcited by 13
- 2026PanoVGGT: Feed-Forward 3D Reconstruction from Panoramic Imagerycited by 13
- 2026One2Scene: Geometric Consistent Explorable 3D Scene Generation from a Single Imagecited by 11
- 2024SGFormer: Spherical Geometry Transformer for 360 Depth Estimationcited by 9
23 more
- 2025Loc2: Interpretable Cross-View Localization via Depth-Lifted Local Feature Matchingcited by 8
- 2024PanoNormal: Monocular Indoor 360deg Surface Normal Estimationcited by 6
- 2026VGGT-360: Geometry-Consistent Zero-Shot Panoramic Depth Estimationcited by 6
- 2024Revisiting 360 Depth Estimation with PanoGabor: A New Fusion Perspectivecited by 5
- 2025RPG360: Robust 360 Depth Estimation with Perspective Foundation Models and Graph Optimizationcited by 4
- 2025OmniTrack++: Omnidirectional Multi-Object Tracking by Learning Large-FoV Trajectory Feedbackcited by 4
- 2026Wid3R: Wide Field-of-View 3D Reconstruction via Camera Model Conditioningcited by 4
- 2024Elite360M: Efficient 360 Multi-task Learning via Bi-projection Fusion and Cross-task Collaborationcited by 3
- 2024Multi-task Geometric Estimation of Depth and Surface Normal from Monocular 360deg Imagescited by 3
- 2025Depth Anything in 360^circ: Towards Scale Invariance in the Wildcited by 2
- 2026SphericalDreamer: Generating Navigable Immersive 3D Worlds with Panorama Fusioncited by 2
- 2023WinDB: HMD-free and Distortion-free Panoptic Video Fixation Learningcited by 1
- 2025A Systematic Investigation on Deep Learning-Based Omnidirectional Image and Video Super-Resolutioncited by 1
- 2026Unified Panoramic Geometry Estimation via Multi-View Foundation Modelscited by 1
- 2024Real-time Multi-view Omnidirectional Depth Estimation for Real Scenarios based on Teacher-Student Learning with Unlabeled Datacited by 0
- 2024Robust and Flexible Omnidirectional Depth Estimation with Multiple 360-degree Camerascited by 0
- 2024CUBE360: Learning Cubic Field Representation for Monocular 360 Depth Estimation for Virtual Realitycited by 0
- 2025PAGCNet: A Pose-Aware and Geometry Constrained Framework for Panoramic Depth Estimationcited by 0
- 2026Cross360: 360deg Monocular Depth Estimation via Cross Projections Across Scalescited by 0
- 2026RePer-360: Releasing Perspective Priors for 360^circ Depth Estimation via Self-Modulationcited by 0
- 2026Sphere-Depth: A Benchmark for Depth Estimation Methods with Varying Spherical Camera Orientationscited by 0
- 2026DepthMaster: Unified Monocular Depth Estimation for Perspective and Panoramic Imagescited by 0
- 2026Decoupling Spherical Reasoning from Dense Prediction for 360 Depth Estimationcited by 0
- 2026Decoupling Spherical Reasoning from Dense Prediction for 360 Depth Estimation30 Sep 2026
- 2026DepthMaster: Unified Monocular Depth Estimation for Perspective and Panoramic Images10 Jun 2026
- 2026Unified Panoramic Geometry Estimation via Multi-View Foundation Models25 May 2026
- 2026SphericalDreamer: Generating Navigable Immersive 3D Worlds with Panorama Fusion19 May 2026
- 2026Sphere-Depth: A Benchmark for Depth Estimation Methods with Varying Spherical Camera Orientations25 Apr 2026
- 2026VGGT-360: Geometry-Consistent Zero-Shot Panoramic Depth Estimation19 Mar 2026
- 2026PanoVGGT: Feed-Forward 3D Reconstruction from Panoramic Imagery18 Mar 2026
- 2026RePer-360: Releasing Perspective Priors for 360^circ Depth Estimation via Self-Modulation6 Mar 2026
- 2026One2Scene: Geometric Consistent Explorable 3D Scene Generation from a Single Image23 Feb 2026
- 2026Wid3R: Wide Field-of-View 3D Reconstruction via Camera Model Conditioning5 Feb 2026
- 2026Cross360: 360deg Monocular Depth Estimation via Cross Projections Across Scales24 Jan 2026
- 2025Depth Anything in 360^circ: Towards Scale Invariance in the Wild28 Dec 2025
23 more
- 2025OmniTrack++: Omnidirectional Multi-Object Tracking by Learning Large-FoV Trajectory Feedback1 Nov 2025
- 2025PAGCNet: A Pose-Aware and Geometry Constrained Framework for Panoramic Depth Estimation9 Oct 2025
- 2025DA2: Depth Anything in Any Direction30 Sep 2025
- 2025RPG360: Robust 360 Depth Estimation with Perspective Foundation Models and Graph Optimization28 Sep 2025
- 2025Loc2: Interpretable Cross-View Localization via Depth-Lifted Local Feature Matching11 Sep 2025
- 2025A Systematic Investigation on Deep Learning-Based Omnidirectional Image and Video Super-Resolution7 Jun 2025
- 2025UniK3D: Universal Camera Monocular 3D Estimation20 Mar 2025
- 2025Omnidirectional Multi-Object Tracking6 Mar 2025
- 2024SphereUFormer: A U-Shaped Transformer for Spherical 360 Perception9 Dec 2024
- 2024Multi-task Geometric Estimation of Depth and Surface Normal from Monocular 360deg Images4 Nov 2024
- 2024CUBE360: Learning Cubic Field Representation for Monocular 360 Depth Estimation for Virtual Reality8 Oct 2024
- 2024Robust and Flexible Omnidirectional Depth Estimation with Multiple 360-degree Cameras23 Sep 2024
- 2024Real-time Multi-view Omnidirectional Depth Estimation for Real Scenarios based on Teacher-Student Learning with Unlabeled Data12 Sep 2024
- 2024Revisiting 360 Depth Estimation with PanoGabor: A New Fusion Perspective29 Aug 2024
- 2024Elite360M: Efficient 360 Multi-task Learning via Bi-projection Fusion and Cross-task Collaboration18 Aug 2024
- 2024PanDA: Towards Panoramic Depth Anything with Unlabeled Panoramas and Mobius Spatial Augmentation19 Jun 2024
- 2024Depth Anywhere: Enhancing 360 Monocular Depth Estimation via Perspective Distillation and Unlabeled Data Augmentation18 Jun 2024
- 2024PanoNormal: Monocular Indoor 360deg Surface Normal Estimation29 May 2024
- 2024SGFormer: Spherical Geometry Transformer for 360 Depth Estimation23 Apr 2024
- 2024Elite360D: Towards Efficient 360 Depth Estimation via Semantic- and Distance-Aware Bi-Projection Fusion25 Mar 2024
- 2023WinDB: HMD-free and Distortion-free Panoptic Video Fixation Learning23 May 2023
- 2023EGformer: Equirectangular Geometry-biased Transformer for 360 Depth Estimation16 Apr 2023
- 2023HRDFuse: Monocular 360degDepth Estimation by Collaboratively Learning Holistic-with-Regional Depth Distributions21 Mar 2023
- 2025UniK3D: Universal Camera Monocular 3D Estimationcited by 62
- 2023EGformer: Equirectangular Geometry-biased Transformer for 360 Depth Estimationcited by 43
- 2024Depth Anywhere: Enhancing 360 Monocular Depth Estimation via Perspective Distillation and Unlabeled Data Augmentationcited by 38
- 2023HRDFuse: Monocular 360degDepth Estimation by Collaboratively Learning Holistic-with-Regional Depth Distributionscited by 37
- 2024Elite360D: Towards Efficient 360 Depth Estimation via Semantic- and Distance-Aware Bi-Projection Fusioncited by 31
- 2025DA2: Depth Anything in Any Directioncited by 25
- 2024PanDA: Towards Panoramic Depth Anything with Unlabeled Panoramas and Mobius Spatial Augmentationcited by 22
- 2024SphereUFormer: A U-Shaped Transformer for Spherical 360 Perceptioncited by 13
- 2025Omnidirectional Multi-Object Trackingcited by 13
- 2026PanoVGGT: Feed-Forward 3D Reconstruction from Panoramic Imagerycited by 13
- 2026One2Scene: Geometric Consistent Explorable 3D Scene Generation from a Single Imagecited by 11
- 2024SGFormer: Spherical Geometry Transformer for 360 Depth Estimationcited by 9
12 most cited of 35 All 35 (JSON)
- 2026Decoupling Spherical Reasoning from Dense Prediction for 360 Depth Estimation30 Sep 2026
- 2026DepthMaster: Unified Monocular Depth Estimation for Perspective and Panoramic Images10 Jun 2026
- 2026Unified Panoramic Geometry Estimation via Multi-View Foundation Models25 May 2026
- 2026SphericalDreamer: Generating Navigable Immersive 3D Worlds with Panorama Fusion19 May 2026
- 2026Sphere-Depth: A Benchmark for Depth Estimation Methods with Varying Spherical Camera Orientations25 Apr 2026
- 2026VGGT-360: Geometry-Consistent Zero-Shot Panoramic Depth Estimation19 Mar 2026
- 2026PanoVGGT: Feed-Forward 3D Reconstruction from Panoramic Imagery18 Mar 2026
- 2026RePer-360: Releasing Perspective Priors for 360^circ Depth Estimation via Self-Modulation6 Mar 2026
- 2026One2Scene: Geometric Consistent Explorable 3D Scene Generation from a Single Image23 Feb 2026
- 2026Wid3R: Wide Field-of-View 3D Reconstruction via Camera Model Conditioning5 Feb 2026
- 2026Cross360: 360deg Monocular Depth Estimation via Cross Projections Across Scales24 Jan 2026
- 2025Depth Anything in 360^circ: Towards Scale Invariance in the Wild28 Dec 2025
12 newest of 35 All 35 (JSON)