SparseTalk - Sparsifying 3D Gaussian Language Fields for Efficient 3D Visual Question Answering
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Abstract (arXiv)
3D Gaussian language fields provide an explicit, spatially grounded representation for 3D visual question answering (VQA), but their dense semantic features can require tens of thousands of embeddings per scene, resulting in substantial storage, memory, and inference costs. We investigate how much of this representation is actually necessary for downstream reasoning. Starting from a full embedding representation, we systematically sparsify its semantic embeddings, including the previously underexplored regime below a single image-equivalent block down to 8 visual tokens. We compare random, geometric, semantic, and joint spatial-semantic selection strategies and introduce an object-based sparsification method that distributes the token budget across detected object instances while retaining background context. Experiments on ScanQA and MV-ScanQA reveal substantial redundancy in dense Gaussian language fields. Strong VQA performance is retained with only a few hundred semantic embeddings, corresponding to less than 1% of the original representation. Object-based selection performs well relative to others, with only modest observed changes down to 256 tokens. At this budget, SparseTalk retains 0.80% of SplatTalk's 32,076-token inference input and 0.332% of the mean 77,207-Gaussian dense field, increasing inference throughput while reducing decoded-feature memory 125-fold.
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References · 30
- 2021LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Modelscited by 14,380
- 20233D Gaussian Splatting for Real-Time Radiance Field Renderingcited by 6,226
- 2017ScanNet: Richly-annotated 3D Reconstructions of Indoor Scenescited by 3,117
- 2023Sigmoid Loss for Language Image Pre-Trainingcited by 3,109
- 2024SAM 2: Segment Anything in Images and Videoscited by 2,863
- 2024LLaVA-OneVision: Easy Visual Task Transfercited by 2,719
- 2024SpatialVLM: Endowing Vision-Language Models with Spatial Reasoning Capabilitiescited by 706
- 2024An Image is Worth 1/2 Tokens After Layer 2: Plug-and-Play Inference Acceleration for Large Vision-Language Modelscited by 642
- 2023LangSplat: 3D Language Gaussian Splattingcited by 415
- 2023Florence-2: Advancing a Unified Representation for a Variety of Vision Taskscited by 410
- 2023An Embodied Generalist Agent in 3D Worldcited by 365
- 2023Feature 3DGS: Supercharging 3D Gaussian Splatting to Enable Distilled Feature Fieldscited by 364
18 more
- 2021ScanQA: 3D Question Answering for Spatial Scene Understandingcited by 346
- 2022SQA3D: Situated Question Answering in 3D Scenescited by 314
- 2024VisionZip: Longer is Better but Not Necessary in Vision Language Modelscited by 313
- 2024LLaVA-3D: A Simple yet Effective Pathway to Empowering LMMs with 3D-awarenesscited by 183
- 2024OpenGaussian: Towards Point-Level 3D Gaussian-based Open Vocabulary Understandingcited by 145
- 2024FreeSplat: Generalizable 3D Gaussian Splatting Towards Free-View Synthesis of Indoor Scenescited by 89
- 20233D Concept Learning and Reasoning from Multi-View Imagescited by 60
- 2025SplatTalk: 3D VQA with Gaussian Splattingcited by 24
- 2025Unveiling the Mist over 3D Vision-Language Understanding: Object-centric Evaluation with Chain-of-Analysiscited by 23
- 2025Advancing 3D Scene Understanding with MV-ScanQA Multi-View Reasoning Evaluation and TripAlign Pre-training Datasetcited by 8
- 2026What Do Visual Tokens Really Encode? Uncovering Sparsity and Redundancy in Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 7
- 2024ChatSplat: 3D Conversational Gaussian Splattingcited by 4
- 2026Geometry-Guided 3D Visual Token Pruning for Video-Language Modelscited by 4
- 2026MultiView-Bench: A Diagnostic Benchmark for World-Centric Multi-View Integration in VLMscited by 4
- 2026CRISP: Pre-LLM Yet Text-Driven Visual Token Pruning for Efficient LVLM Inferencecited by 4
- 2026SeGPruner: Semantic-Geometric Visual Token Pruner for 3D Question Answeringcited by 3
- 2026AnchorPrune: Relevance-Anchored Contextual Expansion for Visual Token Pruningcited by 3
- 2026Seeing Once is Enough? Online Geometry-Aware Token Pruning for 3D Question Answeringcited by 1
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