Generative Scenario Rollouts for End-to-End Autonomous Driving
On the map: Vision-language-action models → VLA for autonomous driving
also in 1 more
Abstract (arXiv)
Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models are emerging as highly effective planning models for end-to-end autonomous driving systems. However, current works mostly rely on imitation learning from sparse trajectory annotations and under-utilize their potential as generative models. We propose Generative Scenario Rollouts (GeRo), a plug-and-play framework for VLA models that jointly performs planning and generation of language-grounded future traffic scenes through an autoregressive rollout strategy. First, a VLA model is trained to encode ego vehicle and agent dynamics into latent tokens under supervision from planning, motion, and language tasks, facilitating text-aligned generation. Next, GeRo performs language-conditioned autoregressive generation. Given multi-view images, a scenario description, and ego-action questions, it generates future latent tokens and textual responses to guide long-horizon rollouts. A rollout-consistency loss stabilizes predictions using ground truth or pseudo-labels, mitigating drift and preserving text-action alignment. This design enables GeRo to perform temporally consistent, language-grounded rollouts that support long-horizon reasoning and multi-agent planning. On Bench2Drive, GeRo improves driving score and success rate by +15.7 and +26.2, respectively. By integrating reinforcement learning with generative rollouts, GeRo achieves state-of-the-art closed-loop and open-loop performance, demonstrating strong zero-shot robustness. These results highlight the promise of generative, language-conditioned reasoning as a foundation for safer and more interpretable end-to-end autonomous driving.
Key facts. Cited by 6 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in VLA for autonomous driving, one of 13 directions in Vision-language-action models. Builds on 43 of its 50 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 16 Jan 2026.
Builds on
43 of 50 references.
Closest ancestors · 1
Same direction, newest first
Other references · 42
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- 2025Qwen2.5-VL Technical Reportcited by 5,418
- 2019nuScenes: A multimodal dataset for autonomous drivingcited by 4,485
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- 2023DriveLM: Driving with Graph Visual Question Answeringcited by 527
30 more
- 2024DriveVLM: The Convergence of Autonomous Driving and Large Vision-Language Modelscited by 482
- 2018An Algorithmic Perspective on Imitation Learningcited by 455
- 2022ST-P3: End-to-end Vision-based Autonomous Driving via Spatial-Temporal Feature Learningcited by 365
- 2023GPT-Driver: Learning to Drive with GPTcited by 344
- 2024DiffusionDrive: Truncated Diffusion Model for End-to-End Autonomous Drivingcited by 324
- 2023NuScenes-QA: A Multi-modal Visual Question Answering Benchmark for Autonomous Driving Scenariocited by 258
- 2024Bench2Drive: Towards Multi-Ability Benchmarking of Closed-Loop End-To-End Autonomous Drivingcited by 250
- 2024SparseDrive: End-to-End Autonomous Driving via Sparse Scene Representationcited by 239
- 2023Driving with LLMs: Fusing Object-Level Vector Modality for Explainable Autonomous Drivingcited by 231
- 2024EMMA: End-to-End Multimodal Model for Autonomous Drivingcited by 226
- 2024GenAD: Generative End-to-End Autonomous Drivingcited by 225
- 2023Rethinking the Open-Loop Evaluation of End-to-End Autonomous Driving in nuScenescited by 191
- 2025ORION: A Holistic End-to-End Autonomous Driving Framework by Vision-Language Instructed Action Generationcited by 177
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- 2025AlphaDrive: Unleashing the Power of VLMs in Autonomous Driving via Reinforcement Learning and Reasoningcited by 108
- 2025Don't Shake the Wheel: Momentum-Aware Planning in End-to-End Autonomous Drivingcited by 84
- 2025RAD: Training an End-to-End Driving Policy via Large-Scale 3DGS-based Reinforcement Learningcited by 76
- 2024Tokenize the World into Object-level Knowledge to Address Long-tail Events in Autonomous Drivingcited by 55
- 2024Gen-Drive: Enhancing Diffusion Generative Driving Policies with Reward Modeling and Reinforcement Learning Fine-tuningcited by 41
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- 2025Reinforced Refinement with Self-Aware Expansion for End-to-End Autonomous Drivingcited by 19
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Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2026: 6.
6 papers.
- 2026CRAFT: Counterfactual-to-Interactive Reinforcement Fine-Tuning for Driving Policiescited by 2
- 2026CLEAR: Closed-Loop Reinforcement Learning at Scale for End-to-End Autonomous Drivingcited by 2
- 2026MAPLE: Latent Multi-Agent Play for End-to-End Autonomous Drivingcited by 1
- 2026Latent-Centroid Steering: Single-Pass Classifier-Free Guidance for Command-Aligned Autonomous Drivingcited by 0
- 2026Security of Foundation-Model-Powered Embodied Agents: Attack Surfaces, Attacks, Defenses, and Evaluationcited by 0
- 2026PRIME: Perception Feedback with Situational Memory Embeddings in VLA Modelscited by 0
- 2026PRIME: Perception Feedback with Situational Memory Embeddings in VLA Models18 Sep 2026
- 2026Security of Foundation-Model-Powered Embodied Agents: Attack Surfaces, Attacks, Defenses, and Evaluation17 Aug 2026
- 2026Latent-Centroid Steering: Single-Pass Classifier-Free Guidance for Command-Aligned Autonomous Driving31 Jul 2026
- 2026CLEAR: Closed-Loop Reinforcement Learning at Scale for End-to-End Autonomous Driving3 Jul 2026
- 2026MAPLE: Latent Multi-Agent Play for End-to-End Autonomous Driving13 May 2026
- 2026CRAFT: Counterfactual-to-Interactive Reinforcement Fine-Tuning for Driving Policies6 May 2026
Similar, not cited
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