Streaming Video Instruction Tuning
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Abstract (arXiv)
We present Streamo, a real-time streaming video LLM that serves as a general-purpose interactive assistant. Unlike existing online video models that focus narrowly on question answering or captioning, Streamo performs a broad spectrum of streaming video tasks, including real-time narration, action understanding, event captioning, temporal event grounding, and time-sensitive question answering. To develop such versatility, we construct Streamo-Instruct-465K, a large-scale instruction-following dataset tailored for streaming video understanding. The dataset covers diverse temporal contexts and multi-task supervision, enabling unified training across heterogeneous streaming tasks. After training end-to-end on the instruction-following dataset through a streamlined pipeline, Streamo exhibits strong temporal reasoning, responsive interaction, and broad generalization across a variety of streaming benchmarks. Extensive experiments show that Streamo bridges the gap between offline video perception models and real-time multimodal assistants, making a step toward unified, intelligent video understanding in continuous video streams.
Key facts. Cited by 26 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 51 of its 57 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 24 Dec 2025.
Builds on
51 of 57 references.
References · 51
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- 2025Qwen2.5-VL Technical Reportcited by 5,587
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38 more
- 2024Video-MME: The First-Ever Comprehensive Evaluation Benchmark of Multi-modal LLMs in Video Analysiscited by 1,413
- 2023Video-LLaVA: Learning United Visual Representation by Alignment Before Projectioncited by 1,402
- 2021Frozen in Time: A Joint Video and Image Encoder for End-to-End Retrievalcited by 1,177
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- 2024LongVideoBench: A Benchmark for Long-context Interleaved Video-Language Understandingcited by 665
- 2017Localizing Moments in Video with Natural Languagecited by 663
- 2017Towards Automatic Learning of Procedures from Web Instructional Videoscited by 619
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- 2024TempCompass: Do Video LLMs Really Understand Videos?cited by 363
- 2024LongVU: Spatiotemporal Adaptive Compression for Long Video-Language Understandingcited by 356
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- 2024VideoLLM-online: Online Video Large Language Model for Streaming Videocited by 225
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- 2025VITA-1.5: Towards GPT-4o Level Real-Time Vision and Speech Interactioncited by 197
- 2024Flash-VStream: Memory-Based Real-Time Understanding for Long Video Streamscited by 169
- 2023Query-Dependent Video Representation for Moment Retrieval and Highlight Detectioncited by 166
- 2024Oryx MLLM: On-Demand Spatial-Temporal Understanding at Arbitrary Resolutioncited by 159
- 2025OVO-Bench: How Far is Your Video-LLMs from Real-World Online Video Understanding?cited by 142
- 2024Koala-36M: A Large-scale Video Dataset Improving Consistency between Fine-grained Conditions and Video Contentcited by 135
- 2025Dispider: Enabling Video LLMs with Active Real-Time Interaction via Disentangled Perception, Decision, and Reactioncited by 127
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- 2025StreamingVLM: Real-Time Understanding for Infinite Video Streamscited by 95
- 2025Ola: Pushing the Frontiers of Omni-Modal Language Modelcited by 83
- 2020Multimodal Pretraining for Dense Video Captioningcited by 79
- 2025Streaming Video Understanding and Multi-round Interaction with Memory-enhanced Knowledgecited by 73
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- 2024E.T. Bench: Towards Open-Ended Event-Level Video-Language Understandingcited by 70
- 2023Grounded Question-Answering in Long Egocentric Videoscited by 64
- 2025StreamBridge: Turning Your Offline Video Large Language Model into a Proactive Streaming Assistantcited by 63
- 2025SVBench: A Benchmark with Temporal Multi-Turn Dialogues for Streaming Video Understandingcited by 57
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- 2024VideoLLM Knows When to Speak: Enhancing Time-Sensitive Video Comprehension with Video-Text Duet Interaction Formatcited by 47
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50 most cited of 51 All 51 (JSON)
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Citing papers per year: 2026: 26.
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- 2026A Simple Baseline for Streaming Video Understandingcited by 33
- 2026Video Streaming Thinking: VideoLLMs Can Watch and Think Simultaneouslycited by 22
- 2026Thinking in Streaming Videocited by 16
- 2026AURA: Always-On Understanding and Real-Time Assistance via Video Streamscited by 16
- 2026VideoChat3: Fully Open Video MLLM for Efficient and Generalist Video Understandingcited by 10
- 2026Mage-VL: An Efficient Codec-Native Streaming Multimodal Foundation Modelcited by 10
- 2026IPIBench: Evaluating Interactive Proactive Intelligence of MLLMs under Continuous Streamscited by 7
- 2026What Should a Streaming Video Model Remember?cited by 7
- 2026EvoStreaming: Your Offline Video Model Is a Natively Streaming Assistantcited by 5
- 2026StreamOV: Streaming Omni-Video Understanding via Evidence-Guided Memory and Response Triggeringcited by 5
- 2026StreamTTT: Reconciling Real-Time Perception and Long-Term Memory in Streaming VLMscited by 5
- 2026MOSS-VL Technical Reportcited by 5
14 more
- 2026StreamingClaw Technical Reportcited by 4
- 2026StreamPro: From Reactive Perception to Proactive Decision-Making in Streaming Videocited by 4
- 2026Visual Agentic Memory: Enabling Online Long Video Understanding via Online Indexing, Hierarchical Memory, and Agentic Retrievalcited by 3
- 2026Multimodal Duplex Interaction Agentcited by 3
- 2026ShallowStream: Index Shallow then Answer Deep for Streaming Video Understandingcited by 2
- 2026Don't Pause: Streaming Video-Language Synchrony for Online Video Understandingcited by 1
- 2026Streaming Interventions: Can Video Large Language Models Correct Mistakes as They Occur?cited by 1
- 2026Beyond Retrieval: Progressive Latent Memory Evolution for Streaming Video Understandingcited by 1
- 2026OneStreamer: Unifying Perception, Memory, and Proactive Response in Streaming Video Interactioncited by 1
- 2026X-Stream: Exploring MLLMs as Multiplexers for Multi-Stream Understandingcited by 0
- 2026LiveProBench: Can Streaming Video Models Really Interact Like Humans?cited by 0
- 2026EGSD: Event-Grounded Self-Distillation for Streaming Video Understandingcited by 0
- 2026When to Retrieve, When to Stay: Uncertainty-Aware Temporal Evidence Allocation for Streaming Video-LLMscited by 0
- 2026DeltaStreamer: Towards Human-Like Agentic Streaming Video Understandingcited by 0
- 2026DeltaStreamer: Towards Human-Like Agentic Streaming Video Understanding14 Oct 2026
- 2026OneStreamer: Unifying Perception, Memory, and Proactive Response in Streaming Video Interaction1 Oct 2026
- 2026When to Retrieve, When to Stay: Uncertainty-Aware Temporal Evidence Allocation for Streaming Video-LLMs29 Sep 2026
- 2026EGSD: Event-Grounded Self-Distillation for Streaming Video Understanding29 Sep 2026
- 2026LiveProBench: Can Streaming Video Models Really Interact Like Humans?11 Sep 2026
- 2026Multimodal Duplex Interaction Agent8 Sep 2026
- 2026Beyond Retrieval: Progressive Latent Memory Evolution for Streaming Video Understanding3 Sep 2026
- 2026ShallowStream: Index Shallow then Answer Deep for Streaming Video Understanding2 Sep 2026
- 2026MOSS-VL Technical Report15 Aug 2026
- 2026StreamTTT: Reconciling Real-Time Perception and Long-Term Memory in Streaming VLMs13 Aug 2026
- 2026Mage-VL: An Efficient Codec-Native Streaming Multimodal Foundation Model27 Jul 2026
- 2026VideoChat3: Fully Open Video MLLM for Efficient and Generalist Video Understanding16 Jul 2026
14 more
- 2026What Should a Streaming Video Model Remember?15 Jun 2026
- 2026Streaming Interventions: Can Video Large Language Models Correct Mistakes as They Occur?8 Jun 2026
- 2026Don't Pause: Streaming Video-Language Synchrony for Online Video Understanding5 Jun 2026
- 2026X-Stream: Exploring MLLMs as Multiplexers for Multi-Stream Understanding1 Jun 2026
- 2026IPIBench: Evaluating Interactive Proactive Intelligence of MLLMs under Continuous Streams26 May 2026
- 2026StreamOV: Streaming Omni-Video Understanding via Evidence-Guided Memory and Response Triggering25 May 2026
- 2026Visual Agentic Memory: Enabling Online Long Video Understanding via Online Indexing, Hierarchical Memory, and Agentic Retrieval15 May 2026
- 2026StreamPro: From Reactive Perception to Proactive Decision-Making in Streaming Video11 May 2026
- 2026EvoStreaming: Your Offline Video Model Is a Natively Streaming Assistant11 May 2026
- 2026AURA: Always-On Understanding and Real-Time Assistance via Video Streams5 Apr 2026
- 2026A Simple Baseline for Streaming Video Understanding2 Apr 2026
- 2026StreamingClaw Technical Report23 Mar 2026
- 2026Thinking in Streaming Video13 Mar 2026
- 2026Video Streaming Thinking: VideoLLMs Can Watch and Think Simultaneously12 Mar 2026
- 2026A Simple Baseline for Streaming Video Understandingcited by 33
- 2026Thinking in Streaming Videocited by 16
- 2026AURA: Always-On Understanding and Real-Time Assistance via Video Streamscited by 16
- 2026VideoChat3: Fully Open Video MLLM for Efficient and Generalist Video Understandingcited by 10
- 2026What Should a Streaming Video Model Remember?cited by 7
- 2026EvoStreaming: Your Offline Video Model Is a Natively Streaming Assistantcited by 5
- 2026StreamOV: Streaming Omni-Video Understanding via Evidence-Guided Memory and Response Triggeringcited by 5
- 2026StreamTTT: Reconciling Real-Time Perception and Long-Term Memory in Streaming VLMscited by 5
- 2026StreamingClaw Technical Reportcited by 4
- 2026StreamPro: From Reactive Perception to Proactive Decision-Making in Streaming Videocited by 4
- 2026Multimodal Duplex Interaction Agentcited by 3
- 2026Don't Pause: Streaming Video-Language Synchrony for Online Video Understandingcited by 1
12 most cited of 17 All 17 (JSON)
- 2026OneStreamer: Unifying Perception, Memory, and Proactive Response in Streaming Video Interaction1 Oct 2026
- 2026When to Retrieve, When to Stay: Uncertainty-Aware Temporal Evidence Allocation for Streaming Video-LLMs29 Sep 2026
- 2026LiveProBench: Can Streaming Video Models Really Interact Like Humans?11 Sep 2026
- 2026Multimodal Duplex Interaction Agent8 Sep 2026
- 2026StreamTTT: Reconciling Real-Time Perception and Long-Term Memory in Streaming VLMs13 Aug 2026
- 2026VideoChat3: Fully Open Video MLLM for Efficient and Generalist Video Understanding16 Jul 2026
- 2026What Should a Streaming Video Model Remember?15 Jun 2026
- 2026Streaming Interventions: Can Video Large Language Models Correct Mistakes as They Occur?8 Jun 2026
- 2026Don't Pause: Streaming Video-Language Synchrony for Online Video Understanding5 Jun 2026
- 2026X-Stream: Exploring MLLMs as Multiplexers for Multi-Stream Understanding1 Jun 2026
- 2026StreamOV: Streaming Omni-Video Understanding via Evidence-Guided Memory and Response Triggering25 May 2026
- 2026StreamPro: From Reactive Perception to Proactive Decision-Making in Streaming Video11 May 2026
12 newest of 17 All 17 (JSON)
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- 2026StreamArena: Toward Continuous, Interactive, and Long-Horizon Agentic Streaming Video Understanding
- 2026StreamReady: Learning What to Answer and When in Long Streaming Videos
- 2025LiveStar: Live Streaming Assistant for Real-World Online Video Understanding
- 2025StreamingCoT: A Dataset for Temporal Dynamics and Multimodal Chain-of-Thought Reasoning in Streaming VideoQA
- 2024StreamingBench: Assessing the Gap for MLLMs to Achieve Streaming Video Understanding
- 2025StreamEQA: Towards Streaming Video Understanding for Embodied Scenarios
- 2026Harnessing Streaming Video in the Wild
- 2025StreamGaze: Gaze-Guided Temporal Reasoning and Proactive Understanding in Streaming Videos